\u00a0<\/p>\n
UKRAYNA KARGA\u015eASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n VE <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00dcNYANIN YEN\u0130DEN KURGULANMASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n NATO’nun ve AB’nin, Rusya’n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Ukrayna’y\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve sadece kof nasihatlerde bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131<\/span><\/em><\/strong> s\u00f6yleyen Sn. Erdo\u011fan, Ukrayna’n\u0131n; <\/span><\/strong>“T\u00fcrkiye Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ndeki yetkilerini kullan\u0131p, Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerine kapatmal\u0131d\u0131r!” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kof mazeretlere s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131m\u0131z <\/span><\/strong>“Ukrayna’da ya\u015fananlar\u0131n bir sava\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>\u015feklinde g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 bahaneler uydurmaktad\u0131r. Rus Ordular\u0131, Putin’in talimat\u0131yla Ukrayna’ya 3 cepheden sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve ba\u015fkent Kiev ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bizimkiler h\u00e2l\u00e2 bunun bir sava\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakacaklarm\u0131\u015f!?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin Satranc\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n G\u00fcnlerdir ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131’n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>“Rusya Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgal edecek!”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 sonucu 24 \u015eubat 2022 g\u00fcn\u00fc Rusya Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgale ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015fgale g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki sebep <\/span><\/strong>“Ukrayna’n\u0131n NATO \u00fcyesi olma ihtimali sonucu Rusya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin tehlikeye girece\u011fi” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>iddias\u0131yd\u0131. G\u00fcvenlik endi\u015fesi ve Ukrayna’n\u0131n silahlanmas\u0131 Rusya taraf\u0131ndan tehdit olarak alg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Rusya, Ukrayna’ya tarihsel ve ideolojik sebeplerle sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Putin i\u015fgal emrini vermeden az \u00f6nce yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131nda tarihe at\u0131f yaparak, <\/span><\/strong>“Ukrayna \u015fehirlerini T\u00fcrklerden biz koruduk”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>buyurmu\u015flard\u0131. Buradaki T\u00fcrklerden kas\u0131t sadece Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu san\u0131lmas\u0131nd\u0131. Bu T\u00fcrkiye’yi de ba\u011flamaktayd\u0131. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Ukrayna’n\u0131n demografik yap\u0131s\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Tatar T\u00fcrkleri \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmaktayd\u0131. Ukrayna bir Avrupa \u00fclkesi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Rusya hi\u00e7bir Avrupa devletini dinlemeden Ukrayna’ya sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. ABD’nin s\u00f6zde yapt\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya ciddiye bile almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Irak ve Suriye’yi hi\u00e7bir sebep olmadan i\u015fgal eden ABD, y\u0131llard\u0131r kurup y\u00f6netti\u011fi PKK ile T\u00fcrkiye’yi u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131ran ABD, Ukrayna i\u00e7in k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131p\u0131rdatmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. ABD nereyi i\u015fgal edecek olsa hemen ABD i\u015fgaline katk\u0131 i\u00e7in asker g\u00f6nderece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayan AB \u00fclkeleri, Ukrayna i\u015fgaline ciddi bir tepki koymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye, Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n yerine kurulmu\u015f bir devlet olmaktayd\u0131. Her ne kadar baz\u0131lar\u0131 tarihini ink\u00e2r etse de T\u00fcrkiye Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun devam\u0131yd\u0131. Buradan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Putin T\u00fcrkiye’ye, tarihe at\u0131f yaparak, nerede durmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131 bir satran\u00e7 tahtas\u0131yd\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye y\u00f6netimi bu oyunu kendi koydu\u011fu kurallara g\u00f6re \u00e7ok iyi oynamal\u0131yd\u0131. Ukrayna, Bo\u011fazlardan Rusya gemilerinin ge\u00e7mesinin engellenmesini hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne verecek Ukrayna? T\u00fcrkiye ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet, devletler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki \u00e7\u0131kara dayal\u0131d\u0131r her zaman. ABD T\u00fcrkiye’nin dibine askeri y\u0131\u011f\u0131nak yapt\u0131 (Dedea\u011fa\u00e7’a), bu y\u0131\u011f\u0131nakla Ukrayna’ya askeri yard\u0131m etmeyecekse bu y\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu s\u0131r\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. ABD T\u00fcrkiye’ye, <\/span><\/strong>“Rusya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 Ukrayna’ya gir!” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>diyerek T\u00fcrkiye’yi sava\u015fa sokma \u00e7abas\u0131ndayd\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye Ukrayna i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken ABD T\u00fcrkiye’ye girmeye ba\u015flard\u0131!? ABD ile Rusya bu zamana kadar hi\u00e7bir yerde fiili olarak kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmedi. Yani ABD ile Rusya hi\u00e7 sava\u015fmad\u0131. Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesi, Rusya’n\u0131n ABD’yle birlikte planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sava\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, ate\u015f \u00e7emberi i\u00e7ine al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. As\u0131l hedefte T\u00fcrkiye’nin bulundu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye art\u0131k NATO’dan ayr\u0131lmal\u0131, AB’ye girmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r. ABD’nin kuyru\u011fu olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r. Erbakan’\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130slam \u00fclkeleriyle askeri, siyasi ve ekonomik ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 birlikler kurmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleriyle de birlikler olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r. ABD ve Rusya’y\u0131 ancak T\u00fcrkiye durduracakt\u0131r.[1]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi neler i\u00e7eriyordu?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Ukrayna’daki son geli\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan Karadeniz’e T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f konusu da tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya devam ediyor. AA muhabirinin derledi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131nda (\u0130stanbul ve \u00c7anakkale) seyir ve seferi, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi d\u00fczenliyor. T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan hem ticari hem sava\u015f gemilerinin duraks\u0131z ge\u00e7i\u015fi, 29 madde ve 4 ayr\u0131 ekten olu\u015fan S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fartlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re, 20 Temmuz 1936’da \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Montr\u00f6 kentinde imzalanan S\u00f6zle\u015fme, T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin uygulamalarda ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda \u00f6ncelikle uygulanmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6zel hukuk kurallar\u0131 (leges specialis) niteli\u011finde ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler i\u00e7eren<\/em>, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc (sui generis) bir d\u00fczenleme oluyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Temel amac\u0131; T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmak isteyen yabanc\u0131 bayrakl\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerinin hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenlemek<\/em> olan s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda, yani Montr\u00f6 Konferans\u0131’nda, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan yabanc\u0131 bayrakl\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerinin Karadeniz’e giri\u015fini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar k\u0131s\u0131tlamak istedi\u011fi biliniyor. Sovyetlerin ard\u0131ndan bu politikay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Rusya Federasyonu’nun aksine ABD ise, sava\u015f gemilerinin tam serbest ge\u00e7i\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, gerek ticari gemilerin gerek sava\u015f gemilerinin ge\u00e7i\u015fini; 1- Bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131, 2- Sava\u015f zaman\u0131 ve 3- Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ne m\u00fcnhas\u0131r olarak-yak\u0131n bir sava\u015f tehlikesi tehdidi \u015feklinde \u00fc\u00e7e ay\u0131rarak d\u00fczenliyor. <\/em>S\u00f6zle\u015fme, yabanc\u0131 bayrakl\u0131 gemilerin hem T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015flerine hem de Karadeniz’de bulunmalar\u0131na, idari ve diplomatik y\u00f6ntem, hacim-tonaj, adet ve kalma s\u00fcresi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getiriyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin yabanc\u0131 bayrakl\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerine getirdi\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralan\u0131yordu: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 1- Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6ncesinde T\u00fcrkiye’ye bildirimde bulunma zorunlulu\u011fu bulunuyor: (Madde 13’e g\u00f6re Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olan \u00fclkeler 8 g\u00fcn \u00f6ncesinden diplomatik yollarla \u00f6n bildirim yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan \u00fclkeler ise 15 g\u00fcn \u00f6ncesinden yine ayn\u0131 yolla \u00f6n bildirim yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6n bildirim tarihinden itibaren 5 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7i\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmelidir.) <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 2- Toplam tonaj s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 getiriliyor: (Madde 14’e g\u00f6re S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin III. maddesinde ve III say\u0131l\u0131 Ek’inde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ko\u015fullar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Bo\u011fazlarda transit ge\u00e7i\u015fte bulunabilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn yabanc\u0131 deniz kuvvetlerinin en y\u00fcksek (tavan) toplam tonaj\u0131 15.000 tonu a\u015fam\u0131yor.) <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 3- Sava\u015f gemilerinin t\u00fcr\u00fc belirtiliyor: (\u00d6rne\u011fin u\u00e7ak gemilerinin T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin verilmiyor.) <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 4- Denizalt\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u00fcz ve su \u00fcst\u00fcnden ge\u00e7me mecburiyeti \u015fart ko\u015fuluyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 5- Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan sava\u015f gemilerinin Karadeniz’de kalma s\u00fcresine ve toplam tonaj\u0131na getirilen ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar yer al\u0131yor: (Madde 18’e g\u00f6re Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan devletlerin bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda bu denizde bulundurabilecekleri toplam tonaj\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme’de belirtilen \u015fartlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 30 bin tonu a\u015fam\u0131yor. \u015eartlar dahilinde de gerek\u00e7e ne olursa olsun 45 bin tonu ge\u00e7emiyor.) <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n 6- Bu \u015fartlarda Bo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7en gemilerin Karadeniz’de en fazla 21 g\u00fcn kalabilece\u011fi kayda ba\u011flan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Sava\u015f durumunda ise T\u00fcrkiye e\u011fer sava\u015fan tarafsa, diledi\u011fi gibi hareket edebiliyor ve Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 t\u00fcm yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerine kapatabiliyor. Bu hak, “T\u00fcrkiye kendisini yak\u0131n bir sava\u015f tehlikesi tehdidi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sayarsa”<\/strong> yine tan\u0131n\u0131yor, ancak T\u00fcrkiye’nin BM Genel Sekreteri’ne bu konuyla ilgili bir bildiri g\u00f6ndermesi gerekiyor. <\/span><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin hem T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmak isteyen yabanc\u0131 bayrakl\u0131 sava\u015f gemilerinin ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00fczenlerini, hem de Karadeniz’e giri\u015f yapmak ve orada kalmak isteyen sava\u015f gemilerinin hukuki stat\u00fclerini belirleyen d\u00fcnyadaki tek S\u00f6zle\u015fme oldu\u011fu dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin feshini kim ve neden istiyor?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ilk ba\u015fta 20 y\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u00f6zle\u015fme, e\u011fer 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrenin bitiminden 2 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, hi\u00e7bir taraf, Frans\u0131z h\u00fck\u00fcmetine S\u00f6zle\u015fme’yi sona erdirme yolunda bir \u00f6n bildirimde bulunmam\u0131\u015fsa daha sonraki bir tarihte bir sona erdirme \u00f6n bildiriminin g\u00f6nderilmesinden ba\u015flayarak, iki y\u0131l ge\u00e7inceye kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kal\u0131yor. Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihten itibaren her 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemin sona ermesinde de taraflardan biri, S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin bir ya da birka\u00e7 h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini \u00f6nerme giri\u015fiminde bulunabiliyor. Taraflardan birinin bu \u015fekilde \u00f6n bildirimde bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin feshi durumunda, 28. Madde’ye g\u00f6re S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin 1. maddesinde s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en “ge\u00e7i\u015f ve seyir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” ilkesi bir s\u00fcreyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmaya devam ediyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Burada, belirtilen ilkenin anlam\u0131n\u0131n ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131 sorusu mu\u011flak-kapal\u0131 duruyor. Acaba bundan bir “transit ge\u00e7i\u015f” rejimi mi, yoksa ba\u015fka bir rejim mi kastedildi\u011fi belirtilmiyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu durumda 1. maddenin hem ticaret gemileri hem de sava\u015f gemileri i\u00e7in mi ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da belirsizli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye’nin gelecekte bu t\u00fcr olas\u0131 sorulara cevap verebilmek i\u00e7in hem hukuki hem de siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131n Gelece\u011fi ve ABD’nin Sinsi Planlar\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihte, Karadeniz’e giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yapabilecek en b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f gemisinin deplasman a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 30 bin tona ancak ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. \u00d6te yandan, bug\u00fcn gemileri Bo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7en ABD, ne 1923 Lozan S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin, ne de 1936 Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin taraf\u0131. Ancak Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, do\u011furdu\u011fu objektif hukuki stat\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan S\u00f6zle\u015fme’ye taraf olmayan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkeleri, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ABD’yi de ba\u011fl\u0131yor. Son y\u0131llarda ABD’nin Karadeniz’de sava\u015f gemisi bulundurma arzusu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bununla birlikte bir u\u00e7ak gemisinin T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f yaparak Karadeniz’e \u00e7\u0131kabilmesi i\u00e7in asgari 100 bin deplasman tonluk bir korumayla birlikte ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyor. Bu durumdan, ABD’nin, taraf\u0131 olmasa da Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin sava\u015f gemilerine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilmesine ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6’y\u00fc imzalayan ve eski Var\u015fova Pakt\u0131 \u00fcyesi olan iki Karadeniz \u00fclkesi Romanya ve Bulgaristan’\u0131n da ABD ile askeri anla\u015fmalar yaparak, ABD’nin Karadeniz’e yerle\u015fme konusundaki olas\u0131 stratejisini destekledikleri g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Bu durumda Karadeniz’de askeri olarak var olma amac\u0131 g\u00fcden ABD’nin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel olan Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin de\u011fi\u015ftirilme istekleri olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’nin yeni ve milli stratejiler i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klara ba\u015flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n MONTR\u00d6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin G\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00dczerine Eski Cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan Fahri Korut\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Tayyip Erdo\u011fan Kanal \u0130stanbul’un gereklili\u011fini anlatmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce Atat\u00fcrk d\u00f6neminde 1936’da imzalanan Montreux (Montr\u00f6) Bo\u011fazlar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin T\u00fcrkiye’ye ge\u00e7i\u015f paras\u0131 kazand\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, zaten ne kazand\u0131r\u0131p ne kaybettirdi\u011finin belli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/em> s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. “Kanal \u0130stanbul’un Montr\u00f6 ile ilgisi yok” <\/em>s\u00f6zleri de temelsizdi. Zaten o arada \u00f6nceki Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl, 2008’de ABD’nin Karadeniz’e belirlenen b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnde gemi \u00e7\u0131karma iste\u011finin Montr\u00f6 uyar\u0131nca geri \u00e7evrildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti, Rusya B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Aleksei Erkhov da, “Kanal \u0130stanbul, Montr\u00f6’y\u00fc bozmad\u0131k\u00e7a T\u00fcrkiye’nin meselesi”<\/em> diye tutumunu belli etmi\u015fti. Oysa Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Fahri Korut\u00fcrk, y\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinden bu ger\u00e7e\u011fe dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti… “Yerli bir Karadeniz ve Akdeniz devleti olan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin co\u011frafyas\u0131 ve potansiyeli ile d\u00fcnya siyasetinde, birbirine muar\u0131z [kar\u015f\u0131t] olan kuvvetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 korumak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne denli hayati bir sorumlulu\u011fu oldu\u011funu meydana \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.” <\/em>demi\u015f, sonra da “T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 ile 1936 Montreux S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin taraflar\u0131 aras\u0131nda daha dengeli bir yenisini sa\u011flaman\u0131n kolay olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131”<\/em> s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Fahri Korut\u00fcrk’\u00fcn <\/span><\/strong>s\u00f6zlerinin nedeni sadece 1973-1980 aras\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 de\u011fildi, ayn\u0131 zamanda gen\u00e7 bir Kurmay Subay olarak Montr\u00f6 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birisiydi. Bo\u011fazlar Konferans\u0131 22 Haziran 1936’da \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Montreux \u015fehrinde, T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yla topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada Kurmay Deniz Binba\u015f\u0131 Fahri Korut\u00fcrk, Roma B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi Askeri Ata\u015feli\u011finde g\u00f6revliydi. Tarih\u00e7i Hikmet \u00d6zdemir’in 2010’da Atat\u00fcrk Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi yay\u0131n\u0131 olarak bas\u0131lan Fahri Korut\u00fcrk biyografisinden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimize g\u00f6re Genelkurmay \u0130stihbarat Dairesi’nde subayken tesad\u00fcfen tan\u0131\u015f\u0131p s\u0131nava \u00e7ekildi\u011fi Atat\u00fcrk taraf\u0131ndan kendisine Korut\u00fcrk soyad\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Tevfik R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Aras ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki 24 ki\u015filik Montreux heyetine de yine Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn talimat\u0131yla d\u00e2hil edilmi\u015fti. \u0130leriki y\u0131llarda Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’nin Moskova B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fini y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckten sonra, \u00f6nce (1980 askeri darbesiyle kapat\u0131lan) Cumhuriyet Senatosu \u00fcyeli\u011fine, sonra da Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilecekti.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Korut\u00fcrk, Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin imzalan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131rk\u0131nc\u0131 y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcne denk gelen bir kitab\u0131n sunu\u015funun sonunda, “ayd\u0131n ve sorumlulara”, yani kendisinden sonraki devlet yetkililerine de bir \u00f6nerisi vard\u0131: <\/span><\/strong>“Montr\u00f6 tutanak ve belgelerini dikkatle okuyarak, Lozan ile birlikte T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin en temel kurulu\u015f anla\u015fmalar\u0131ndan say\u0131lan Montr\u00f6’n\u00fcn ‘ruhuna’ h\u00e2kim olmak”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>laz\u0131md\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte Korut\u00fcrk’\u00fcn tarihi Montr\u00f6 sunu\u015fundaki \u00f6nemli vurgular\u0131:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n “Lozan’\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk, uzun Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine ait tarihte emsali ge\u00e7memi\u015f siyasi bir zafer olarak nitelemi\u015ftir. Bu ger\u00e7ek yan\u0131nda, Lozan’\u0131n T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz Karadeniz Bo\u011faz\u0131 – Marmara Denizi ve \u00c7anakkale Bo\u011faz\u0131 kompleksinde te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden co\u011frafi s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrk egemenli\u011fini tamamen sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir ger\u00e7ekti. Ayr\u0131ca, Lozan’\u0131n Anadolu Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n devam\u0131 olan Ege Adalar\u0131’n\u0131 T\u00fcrk h\u00e2kimiyeti d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakmakla Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiyesine k\u00e2fi derecede bir g\u00fcvenlik getirmi\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da muhakkakt\u0131. 1930’larda Deniz Harp Akademisi’nde hararetle tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Bo\u011fazlar b\u00f6lgesindeki bu zaaf Montreux Konferans\u0131 ve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi sonunda ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r…<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Montreux’n\u00fcn birinci \u00f6zelli\u011fi, Lozan’\u0131n Bo\u011fazlar b\u00f6lgesinde T\u00fcrkiye hesab\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurmas\u0131nda ve Cumhuriyetimize b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcvenlik getirmi\u015f bulunmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan Montreux uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde siyasi anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ‘M\u00fczakere ve bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 yollar’ ile g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131na daha uygun bir h\u00fcviyete sokulabilece\u011fine, tarihte ender rastlanan bir \u00f6rne\u011fi getirmi\u015f olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkate \u015fayand\u0131r. Filhakika, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra yap\u0131lan siyasi konferans sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve anla\u015fmalar\u0131n hemen hi\u00e7biri, imzac\u0131 devletlerin h\u00fcr iradeleri ile ve m\u00fczakere ve bar\u0131\u015f yolu ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f de\u011fildir: Montreux bu yoldan de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin tek \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Tek tarafl\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz say\u0131lan anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ise, imzac\u0131lar aras\u0131nda er veya ge\u00e7 mutlaka yeni bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa ve sava\u015fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren yak\u0131n tarihte pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rnek mevcuttur. Uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalarla 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan yeni ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti’nin Ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n Londra ve Z\u00fcrih Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 bozmu\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi K\u0131br\u0131s bunal\u0131m\u0131, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemizin hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6sterilebilecek en son \u00f6rneklerden biridir.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Montreux’de ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki tezin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftik. \u015e\u00f6yle ki; bu tezlerden biri, Karadeniz’in bir transit deniz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, bir ucundan girilip \u00f6b\u00fcr ucundan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131labilen herhangi bir (a\u00e7\u0131k deniz) say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu nedenle uluslararas\u0131 (serbest deniz) rejimine t\u00e2bi tutulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve netice itibar\u0131yla Karadeniz’de k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00fclkeler gibi \u00f6teki d\u00fcnya \u00fclkelerinin de bu denizde harp gemilerini t\u0131pk\u0131 ticaret gemilerini a\u00e7\u0131k denizlerde gezdirebildikleri \u015fekilde kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z dola\u015ft\u0131ramayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer tez ise, Karadeniz’in Bo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7ilerek girilebildi\u011fi i\u00e7in ‘denizlerin serbestli\u011fini kabul eden’, ‘Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk rejimi’nden ayr\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya devletlerinin bu deniz \u00e7evresinde vukua gelebilecek b\u00fcy\u00fck hastal\u0131klar, tabii afetler, yang\u0131nlar, isyanlar vb. gibi fel\u00e2ket zamanlar\u0131nda insani d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle daima yard\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131k tutulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur. Konferans\u0131n davet\u00e7isi olan T\u00fcrkiye ise, bir yandan \u00fclkesinin Lozan’da a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve Bo\u011fazlardaki egemenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakla birlikte, \u00f6te yandan b\u00f6lge ve d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilmek i\u00e7in ilgili \u00fclkelerce ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilmesinde bir denge unsuru olmak gayreti i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Montreux Konferans\u0131 tutanaklar\u0131 ve belgeleri dikkatle incelenirse g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir ki, m\u00fczakereler, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan \u00e7ok sonra uluslararas\u0131 ‘yumu\u015fama-d\u00e9tente’ siyasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na bu sava\u015ftan \u00f6nce Bo\u011fazlar b\u00f6lgesinde getirilmi\u015f ilk \u00f6rne\u011fini kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu m\u00fczakerelerde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti do\u011fu-bat\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u0131ymetli bir denge ve d\u00fcnya siyaset arenas\u0131nda itibarl\u0131 bir kuvvet unsuru olarak dikkatleri \u00fczerinde toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim, Konferansta, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birisi, T\u00fcrk tekliflerinin tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6yle bir davran\u0131\u015ftan daima uzak kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan Konferans\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, kat\u0131lan devletlerin ba\u015f temsilcilerinin konu\u015fmalar\u0131 dikkatle incelenmeye de\u011fer bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, temsilcilerin kapan\u0131\u015ftaki konu\u015fmalar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde Konferans Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve Redaksiyon Komitesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015f\u00f6hretli hukuk\u00e7u Yunan Ba\u015f Temsilcisi Nicolas Politis’in s\u00f6zleri tarih a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. ‘Zira, Konferansta gerek Teknik Komite’ye, gerekse Redaksiyon Komitesi’ne a\u011f\u0131r g\u00f6revler d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kat\u0131lan devletler \u00e7etin m\u00fczakereler s\u0131ras\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6nerilerin Genel Kurul’un tasvibini sa\u011flayacak bir ifadeye sokulabilmesindeki y\u00fcksek maharetinden dolay\u0131 Politis’i tebrik etmi\u015flerdir. Son konu\u015fmalarda bunlara te\u015fekk\u00fcr mahiyetinde cevap veren Yunanl\u0131 diplomat\u0131n \u015fu s\u00f6zleri cidden ilgi \u00e7ekici olmu\u015ftur:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n “Bu Konferans\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 hakl\u0131l\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem veriyordum. Bu itibarla bana verilen g\u00f6revi ba\u015farmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiye, buradan d\u00fcnyaya hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sancaktar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 uzla\u015fman\u0131n koruyucusu ve bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesinin savunucusu olarak \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’yi y\u00fccelten her \u015fey, dostlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kazan\u00e7t\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6ylemek isterim ki, bana burada elimden geldi\u011fi kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta g\u00fc\u00e7 veren, bu duygu olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye’nin kazanc\u0131, dolayl\u0131 olarak benim \u00fclkemin kazanc\u0131d\u0131r.” <\/em>Montreux’\u00fcn y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fckte kalma s\u00fcresi uzun tart\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ngiltere, elli y\u0131l ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyerek en uzun s\u00fcreli \u00f6neriyi getirmi\u015ftir. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin s\u00fcratle geli\u015fmesini ve ko\u015fullar\u0131n da ona uygun olarak s\u00fcratle de\u011fi\u015fmekte oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek T\u00fcrk tezine yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin 10-12 y\u0131l ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir…<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu zay\u0131f ve bir deniz g\u00fcc\u00fcne malik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 can\u0131 ve kan\u0131 ile savunmu\u015f, Karadeniz-Akdeniz ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 bu savunma ile I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n kaderine b\u00fcy\u00fck etki yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda ise Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiye’si, Montreux S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ni sadakatle korumak suretiyle silahl\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgeden uzak tutabilmi\u015f ve sava\u015fanlara, sonuna kadar Bo\u011fazlara sahip olman\u0131n de\u011ferini kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu realiteler, yerli bir Karadeniz ve Akdeniz devleti olan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin co\u011frafyas\u0131 ve potansiyeli ile d\u00fcnya siyasetinde, birbirine muar\u0131z olan kuvvetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 korumak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne denli hayati bir sorumlulu\u011fu oldu\u011funu meydana \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 korumak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kendisine d\u00fc\u015fen bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sorumlulu\u011fu, elbette kendi g\u00fcc\u00fc yan\u0131nda bug\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli olan Montreux Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini dikkatle takip ve denetlemekle y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin etraf\u0131nda vukua gelebilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 ve ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nleme durumunda olan T\u00fcrkiye’nin tatbikatta maruz kalabilece\u011fi tazyiklerin ve hatta sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler taraf\u0131ndan dikkatle izlenmesine ve kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131na kesin zorunluluk vard\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131mdan Montreux Konferans\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine b\u00fct\u00fcn siyaset\u00e7ilerin \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ilgi g\u00f6stermelerinde ve bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin inceliklerini bilgi edinmelerinde mutlak bir zaruret bulunmaktad\u0131r. Montreux S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin anla\u015fmazl\u0131k an\u0131nda, baz\u0131 maddeleri aras\u0131nda dola\u015farak bir sonuca var\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcmit etmek yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r veya hi\u00e7 de\u011filse yeterli olmayacakt\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme’de g\u00f6r\u00fclen maddeler pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u00f6nerilerinin ve bu \u00f6nerilerin arkas\u0131nda yatan pek farkl\u0131 siyasi ve askeri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131r ve ancak Konferans tutanaklar\u0131 okundukta ve belgelerden sezilecek art niyetlere h\u00e2kim olundukta, bu maddelerin ruhuna ula\u015f\u0131lmak imk\u00e2n\u0131 vard\u0131r.”[2]<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Montr\u00f6’n\u00fcn delinmesi ABD’nin bir talebi ve tuza\u011f\u0131yd\u0131!<\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n Bu S\u00f6zle\u015fme’yi Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 internet sitesinden de okuyabilecek her ki\u015fi \u00fclkelerin Karadeniz’de bulundurabilecekleri ve Bo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7irecekleri sava\u015f gemisi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131<\/em><\/strong> anlayabilirdi; \u00f6zellikle de Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan \u00fclkelerin. Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, Lozan’da eksik kalan Bo\u011fazlar ve Karadeniz rejimini d\u00fczenledi\u011fi i\u00e7in Lozan’a imza atan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeler ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi (ve devam\u0131nda Rusya Federasyonu) Montr\u00f6’ye imza vermi\u015flerdir. Ancak ABD ne Lozan’\u0131, ne Montr\u00f6’y\u00fc h\u00e2l\u00e2 resmen kabul etmemi\u015ftir. <\/strong>So\u011fuk Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Sovyetler’i bask\u0131 alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in Karadeniz’e u\u00e7ak gemisi ve a\u011f\u0131r tonajl\u0131 sava\u015f gemisi, denizalt\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma talepleri Montr\u00f6 nedeniyle geri \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, \u00f6rne\u011fin ABD u\u00e7ak gemileri Dolmabah\u00e7e \u00f6nlerine dek geldi\u011fi halde Bo\u011faz’dan ge\u00e7ememi\u015f ve Karadeniz’e girememi\u015ftir. \u00d6nceki Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl, Taha Akyol’un 22 Aral\u0131k’ta Karar gazetesinde yer verdi\u011fi s\u00f6zlerinde, 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya ile G\u00fcrcistan aras\u0131ndaki krizde ABD’nin Karadeniz’e (anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar\u0131yla 6’nc\u0131 Filo’nun) “g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kolunu” g\u00f6nderme talebinin geri \u00e7evrildi\u011fini<\/em><\/strong> s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. ABD’nin, Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nden en fazla rahats\u0131z olan \u00fclke oldu\u011fu s\u0131r de\u011fildir. Hatta Ergenekon ma\u011fduru emekli Amiral Cem G\u00fcrdeniz’in iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re; Montr\u00f6’y\u00fc delmek i\u00e7in (erken uyar\u0131 radar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’de, K\u00fcrecik’te olan F\u00fcze Kalkan\u0131 Projesi’nin f\u00fczelerinin bulundu\u011fu) Romanya’n\u0131n K\u00f6stence Liman\u0131’na Tuna Nehri kanal\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 gemi par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 burada monte etme planlar\u0131 bilinmektedir. Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n, Rusya’dan al\u0131nan S-400 f\u00fczeleri nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye’yi F-35 u\u00e7aklar\u0131 dahil ABD yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 tehdidi alt\u0131nda tuttu\u011fu bir s\u0131rada Kanal \u0130stanbul fikrini canland\u0131rmas\u0131 herhalde bir tesad\u00fcf zannedilmemelidir!<\/span><\/p>\n Erdo\u011fan MONTR\u00d6 kozunu iyi kullanmazsa, T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015f\u0131na bela a\u00e7ard\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Haftalard\u0131r, T\u00fcrkiye g\u00fcndeminde Montr\u00f6 vard\u0131. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndeminde de \u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc Montr\u00f6 vard\u0131. Bak\u0131n\u0131z NATO Genel Sekreteri\u00a0Jens Stoltenberg telefonla, Ukrayna Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Zelenskiy ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ferek, “NATO kararl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Ukrayna’n\u0131n egemenlik ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden yanad\u0131r”<\/em> diyerek k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama \u015fimdi Rusya Ukrayna’ya sald\u0131r\u0131nca, bu \u00fclkeyi yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Ukrayna’n\u0131n, Rusya ile ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f Karadeniz’i kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ukrayna’n\u0131n Karadeniz’de s\u0131n\u0131r uzunlu\u011fu 1.756 km, T\u00fcrkiye’nin ise Karadeniz’deki k\u0131y\u0131 uzunlu\u011fu 1.700\u00a0km kadard\u0131. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Zelenskiy\u00a0ile\u00a0-alt\u0131 ay \u00f6nce Devlet Ni\u015fan\u0131 verdi\u011fi- Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n aras\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi durumdayd\u0131. Zelenskiy, 2021 Nisan’\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’ye u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -Erdo\u011fan, 2016’da Ukrayna ile\u00a0ortak askeri ara\u00e7 ve silah \u00fcretimi\u00a0konusunda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -Erdo\u011fan,\u00a0askeri tedarik i\u00e7in\u00a0Ukrayna’ya 200 milyon lira mali destek sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Erdo\u011fan, Ukrayna’n\u0131n NATO’ya girmesine de arka \u00e7\u0131kmaktayd\u0131. Bu arada \u015funu hat\u0131rlatay\u0131m: NATO \u00fcyesi olmak isteyen G\u00fcrcistan’a kar\u015f\u0131 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda askeri m\u00fcdahalede bulunarak engelleyen Rusya, halihaz\u0131rda Ukrayna’n\u0131n NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fine de hi\u00e7 olumlu yakla\u015fmamaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca G\u00fcrcistan’\u0131n da Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131 uzunlu\u011fu\u00a0322 km… Keza Rusya’n\u0131n ise Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 421 km civar\u0131ndayd\u0131. Evet; T\u00fcrkiye, Rusya, Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan,\u00a0bu d\u00f6rt \u00fclkenin\u00a0Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu nedenle haftalard\u0131r g\u00fcndemimizden d\u00fc\u015fmeyen Montr\u00f6 ile\u00a0bu d\u00f6rt \u00fclke de al\u00e2kadard\u0131. B\u00f6lgeye girmek isteyen ABD\/NATO da\u00a0bu tart\u0131\u015fmalara yak\u0131ndan ilgi duymaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ABD, b\u00f6lgede renkli devrimleri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan’da “G\u00fcl Devrimi” <\/em>yapt\u0131rd\u0131. <\/em>2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ukrayna’da “Turuncu Devrimi” <\/em>yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/em>Putin’in iktidara geli\u015fiyle Rusya, b\u00f6lgede kaybetti\u011fi \u00fclkeleri yeniden himayesine almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar, sava\u015flar, i\u015fgaller ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015fanmaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n ABD\/NATO, Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan’a yard\u0131m etmek istiyorlard\u0131. Ama kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na Montr\u00f6 Bo\u011fazlar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u00e7\u0131kmaktayd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ne g\u00f6re: (\u00c7anakkale ve \u0130stanbul) Bo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7i\u015fte\u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn yabanc\u0131 deniz kuvvetlerinin\u00a0en y\u00fcksek toplam tonaj\u0131 15 bin tonu a\u015fmayacakt\u0131…<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Yine Montr\u00f6’ye g\u00f6re:<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Karadeniz’in en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc donanmas\u0131n\u0131n tonaj\u0131n\u0131 en az 10 bin ton a\u015farsa, di\u011fer k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkelere Karadeniz donanmalar\u0131n\u0131n tonajlar\u0131n\u0131 en \u00e7ok 45 bin tona var\u0131ncaya de\u011fin artt\u0131rma hakk\u0131 do\u011facakt\u0131. <\/em>Ayr\u0131ca <\/em>Montr\u00f6’ye g\u00f6re: Karadeniz’de bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 ne olursa olsun, k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f olmayan devletlerin sava\u015f gemileri bu denizde yirmi bir g\u00fcnden\u00a0\u00e7ok kalamayacaklard\u0131…<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Evet g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki Montr\u00f6,\u00a0ABD\/NATO’nun G\u00fcrcistan ile Ukrayna’ya silah yard\u0131m\u0131 yapmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin: Rusya, 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan topraklar\u0131na girince; ABD, sava\u015f gemilerini\u00a0insani yard\u0131m\u00a0k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131nda Karadeniz’e sokmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck kriz \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu “\u0130nsani yard\u0131m gemisi”<\/em> denen,\u00a018 bin 400 tonajl\u0131 Amerikan 6. Filo’ya ait USS Mount Whitney adl\u0131 sava\u015f gemisi olmaktayd\u0131! Bu\u00a0aldatma\u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca T\u00fcrkiye k\u0131nanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ama Erdo\u011fan iktidar\u0131 sesini \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Emekli Amirallerin\u00a0yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k konusunu Montr\u00f6 olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -“Montr\u00f6 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin\u00a0tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131\u00a0endi\u015fe ile kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n -“Montr\u00f6,\u00a0sadece T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015fi d\u00fczenleyen bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkiye’ye \u0130stanbul, \u00c7anakkale, Marmara Denizi ve Bo\u011fazlardaki\u00a0tam egemenlik haklar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0geri kazand\u0131ran, Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 tamamlayan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir diplomasi zaferidir.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n -“Montr\u00f6, Karadeniz’e k\u0131y\u0131da\u015f \u00fclkelerin g\u00fcvenli\u011finin temel belgesi olup Karadeniz’i bar\u0131\u015f denizi yapan s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n -“Montr\u00f6, T\u00fcrkiye’nin herhangi bir sava\u015fta, sava\u015fan taraflardan birinin yan\u0131nda istemeden sava\u015fa girmesini \u00f6nleyen\u00a0bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131na imk\u00e2n yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n