{"id":11242,"date":"2022-07-25T12:15:43","date_gmt":"2022-07-25T09:15:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/gecmisten-gunumuze-mulksuzlestirme-kolelestirme-oyunlari-1\/"},"modified":"2023-10-18T02:35:39","modified_gmt":"2023-10-17T23:35:39","slug":"gecmisten-gunumuze-mulksuzlestirme-kolelestirme-oyunlari-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/gecmisten-gunumuze-mulksuzlestirme-kolelestirme-oyunlari-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Vatans\u0131z Para\u2019n\u0131n \u00dc\u00e7 (Kom\u00fcnist) Ajan\u0131: (Yahudi As\u0131ll\u0131) Marx, Engels, Lenin!.. GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE M\u00dcLKS\u00dcZLE\u015eT\u0130RME-K\u00d6LELE\u015eT\u0130RME OYUNLARI (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 15.8pt; text-align: right;\">\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">OSMAN BA\u015eIB\u00dcY\u00dcK <br \/><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">E. Hv. Plt. Kur. Alb.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><\/span><\/span> <\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 15.8pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Vatans\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Para&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.35pt;\"> (Kom\u00fcnist) <\/span>Ajan\u0131:<\/span> <\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">(Yahudi As\u0131ll\u0131) Marx,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Engels,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Lenin!..<\/span> <\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE<\/span> <\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">M\u00dcLKS\u00dcZLE\u015eT\u0130RME-K\u00d6LELE\u015eT\u0130RME<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>OYUNLARI (1)<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Bu olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli ve gerekli bilgiler ve de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7eren yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bize ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan De\u011ferli <\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">E. Hv. Plt. Kurmay Alb. Osman Ba\u015f\u0131b\u00fcy\u00fck Beyefendi&rsquo;ye<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">, \u00fclkemiz ve gelece\u011fimizle ilgili daha yararl\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 umarak ve kendilerine sa\u011fl\u0131k ve mutluluk dualar\u0131m\u0131 sunarak, k\u0131ymetli okurlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n istifadesine arz ediyoruz.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Uzun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcredir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>taslak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bekleyen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yaz\u0131y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yay\u0131nlama<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zaman\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geldi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Okuduklar\u0131n\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sizi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>biraz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fa\u015f\u0131rtacak. COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 ile d\u00fcnya yeni bir s\u00fcrece girdi. Rusya, Ukrayna&rsquo;ya sald\u0131rd\u0131. Enerji fiyatlar\u0131 f\u0131rlad\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Enflasyon canavar\u0131 hortlad\u0131. G\u0131da krizi kap\u0131da. Market raflar\u0131 bo\u015falacak. \u0130nsanlar a\u00e7l\u0131kla g\u00fcd\u00fclecek.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Kitlesel<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7lerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>bahsediliyor. Olanlar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>hi\u00e7biri tesad\u00fcf<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>de\u011fil. Bu ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z, May\u0131s 2020&#8217;de \u0130ngiltere Prensi Charles Philip Arthur George ve D\u00fcnya Ekonomik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Forumu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Klaus Schwab taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyaya duyurulan <\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;B\u00fcy\u00fck S\u0131f\u0131rlama (The Great Reset)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&rsquo;n\u0131n birer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>Yeni<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fczeni<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>zorla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>kuruluyor.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>Nereye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fimizi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>neyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tahmin etmek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015fi iyi bilmemiz gerekiyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan\u0131 k\u00f6le gibi g\u00f6ren bu k\u00fcreselciler hep ayn\u0131 \u015fablonu kullan\u0131yorlar. Devletleri m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirdiler, \u015fimdi s\u0131ra sizde. Kom\u00fcnizmi \u00e7\u00f6zmeden ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ukrayna-Rusya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00f6klerini bilmeden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burnumuzun<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>dibini<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6remeyiz.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Ukrayna<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ile ba\u015flayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">(Yahudi) Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.45pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rsquo;nin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">650-965 y\u0131llar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Karadeniz&rsquo;in kuzeyinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ukrayna<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>topraklar\u0131ndan Hazar Denizi&rsquo;nin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>do\u011fusunda Kazakistan&rsquo;a kadar uzanan b\u00f6lgede, do\u011fu ile bat\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ticareti kontrol eden <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;Hazar&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">isimli b\u00fcy\u00fck bir devlet ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Arthur Koestler&rsquo;e g\u00f6re <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Hazar Devleti<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">, 740 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yahudi inanc\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>resmi din olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir.[2] Zannedildi\u011fi gibi Hazar Devleti tam bir T\u00fcrk devleti de\u011fildi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hazarlar\u0131n hepsi T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli de\u011fildi. Halk\u0131n tamam\u0131 da Musevili\u011fi inan\u00e7 olarak benimsememi\u015fti. Halk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, Hristiyan ve Putperestlerden olu\u015fuyordu. <strong>Hazarlar\u0131n Kral\u0131 ve y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 Yahudi&rsquo;ydi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Askerler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ise<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7o\u011funlukla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrklerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fuyordu<\/strong>.[3] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span><strong>Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rsquo;nde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netenle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netilenin farkl\u0131 inan\u00e7ta oldu\u011fu ikili bir yap\u0131 vard\u0131. Y\u00f6netenler Yahudi, y\u00f6netilenler ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etnik<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>dini<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>kimli\u011fe<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sahip<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>insanlar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fturdu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>idi. <\/strong>Kud\u00fcs<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>merkezli <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;Yahudi Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yehuda&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">M\u00d6<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>586&#8217;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Babil \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>taraf\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ondan sonra kurulan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>devleti<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\">&ldquo;<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Hazar&rsquo;\u0131&rdquo;<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>965<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Ruslar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131kt\u0131. Devlet<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131nca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.65pt;\"> <\/span>birdenbire<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>insanlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.3pt;\"> <\/span>ortadan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.35pt;\"> <\/span>kaybolmad\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.8pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.55pt;\"> <\/span>o<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.35pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00f6nemde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.45pt;\"> <\/span>ticaretle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.75pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.45pt;\"> <\/span>parayla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u0131sm\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>ticaret<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>yollar\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>takip<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>ederek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>etti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7o\u011funluk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>bat\u0131ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>gitti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.05pt;\"> <\/span>Almanya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7lerine kadar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ula\u015ft\u0131lar.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Polonya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Macaristan&rsquo;\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerinin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurdu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00f6ylenir.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u0131sm\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ise<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130pek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yolu&rsquo;nu takip ederek Buhara ve hatta Afganistan&rsquo;a yerle\u015fti. Geride kalanlar Orta Asya&rsquo;dan gelen T\u00fcrk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>kurulan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\">&ldquo;<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Alt\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Ordu&rdquo;<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Devleti<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sonras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>K\u0131r\u0131m<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131&rsquo;nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ya\u015famaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>devam<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>etti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Ruslar\u0131n Hazar Devleti&rsquo;nden kalan topraklar\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na almas\u0131 zaman ald\u0131. Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geni\u015flettik\u00e7e b\u00f6lgede kalan Yahudiler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131 art\u0131yordu. Ruslar Yahudilerle beraber ya\u015famak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istemiyor,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>onlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>yeni fethettikleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>topraklardan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Rus \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, bat\u0131da Litvanya ve Polonya&rsquo;n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcneyde K\u0131r\u0131m&rsquo;\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck Yahudi n\u00fcfusunu kontrol eder olmu\u015ftu. Bu b\u00f6lgede 5,2 milyon Yahudi ya\u015f\u0131yordu ve b\u00f6lgenin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ekonomisi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ticaretten<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcretime<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>tekelinde bulunuyordu.[4] II. Katerina, 1790 tarihinde \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun bat\u0131 kesiminde Balt\u0131k&#8217;tan Karadeniz&#8217;e uzanan <strong>&ldquo;Pale&rdquo; <\/strong>isimli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi ilan etti ve Yahudilerin bu b\u00f6lgenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 yasaklad\u0131. Pale b\u00f6lgesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bug\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Letonya,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Litvanya,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Polonya,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Ukrayna,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Moldova<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>k\u0131sm\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.2pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fuyordu.[5] \u00c7ar I. Aleksandr (1821-1825) d\u00f6neminde Yahudiler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131 daha da artt\u0131, Yahudiler k\u00f6ylerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve k\u0131rsal alandan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve tar\u0131mla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011fra\u015fmalar\u0131 yasakland\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> (Belki de kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir plan uygulan\u0131yordu&hellip;) <\/span>B\u00f6ylece Yahudiler \u015fehirlere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>doldu,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7i<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>olmak ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>da ticaretle<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>el<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sanatlar\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011fra\u015fmaktan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7areleri yoktu. I. Nikola (1825-1855) Yahudiler \u00fczerine en kapsaml\u0131 hukuki d\u00fczenlemeleri getiren \u00c7ar&rsquo;d\u0131r. 1835 y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7e\u015fitli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>antisemitik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fczenlemeler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>koyuldu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bunun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fczerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>pogromlarda art\u0131\u015f oldu.[6] <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Pogrom<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">kelimesi, Rus\u00e7ada; &ldquo;dinsel, etnik veya siyasi nedenlerle bir gruba kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fiddet hareketleri&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>anlam\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Burada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tespit<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapal\u0131m;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fiddetin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>anlamam\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gerekiyor.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere \u015fiddeti hukukile\u015ftiren kimse, kanun yap\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Mutlak monar\u015filerde tek kanun yap\u0131c\u0131 kral<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, \u015fiddetin hukuki sorumlusu \u00c7ar&rsquo;d\u0131r. Peki, bu \u015fiddeti kim istemektedir? Mesela ilerleyen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131llarda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00f6lgeleriyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ticaret<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapmas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>t\u00fcccarlar,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>rekabet<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istememektedir.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fczere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fiddeti<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fckselmekte olan Rus burjuvazisi ve aristokrasisidir (toprak a\u011falar\u0131). Rus burjuvazisi ve aristokrasisi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fckselen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>milliyet\u00e7ilik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etkisiyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birlikte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kendisine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>en<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>rakip<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermayesinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurtulmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istemektedir. Peki,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bunu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>nas\u0131l<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapacaklard\u0131?<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>nas\u0131l<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurtulacaklard\u0131?<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bulunan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6ntem<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmakt\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ortodoks<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Kilisesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015farabilirdi. Zaten Hristiyanlar, Yahudilerin Hz. \u0130sa&rsquo;y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in onlara d\u00fc\u015fmand\u0131. Kilisenin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131yla belli<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00f6nemlerde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>halk\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7e<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>zorland\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Peki,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Soyunuza<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nlemek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ne<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z? D\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131z kim? Hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m: 1) \u00c7ar, kanun yap\u0131c\u0131 yani mutlak monar\u015fi, 2) Rus i\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>adamlar\u0131 ve toprak a\u011falar\u0131, yani milli burjuvazi ve aristokrasi, 3) Ortodoks kilisesi yani dini inan\u00e7. Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kurtulursan\u0131z,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kimse<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>halk\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>size<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131r\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>harekete<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ge\u00e7iremez.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Bu arada Yahudilerin n\u00fcfus olarak Ruslara g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmeyece\u011fi i\u00e7in, her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi eski askerleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan T\u00fcrkleri her d\u00f6nemde Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6ylemeden ge\u00e7meyelim. Tarihteki Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli sebeplerinden birisi de budur. Babas\u0131 Kuzey Macaristan&#8217;a g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f bir Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudisi olan yazar Arthur Koestler, <\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;On \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Kabile&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">isimli kitab\u0131nda, A\u015fkenaz Yahudilerinin tarih<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahnesinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>silinmi\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrkleri oldu\u011funu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>iddia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etmektedir.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>iddia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrkleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bug\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kullanmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>devam<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>etmek i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>uydurulmu\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>yaland\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.2pt;\"> <\/span>A\u015fkenaz<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudileri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrk<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>de\u011fildir. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Rusya&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pogromlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00f6neminde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00f6lgeden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bat\u0131ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ciddi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Milyonlarca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi yurdunu terk ederek Avrupa&rsquo;ya, oradan da Amerika&rsquo;ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Peki, \u00c7arl\u0131k<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rusyas\u0131&rsquo;nda <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Pale<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6lgeyi ve bu b\u00f6lgedeki Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan uygulamalar\u0131 kim<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rd\u0131 dersiniz? Bu uygulamalar\u0131 Bol\u015fevik Devrimi ile iktidara gelen <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lenin<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[7] <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"><\/span>Lenin&rsquo;in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>kim<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011fundan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sonra<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>tekrar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>bahsedece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> (fitneci f\u0131tratlar\u0131 ve fesatl\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden) <\/span>Avrupa&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bask\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>alt\u0131ndayd\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Rusya&rsquo;dan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bat\u0131ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>eden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fehirlerindeki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gettolar\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>doldurmu\u015ftu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yeni<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gelenler di\u011ferlerine benzemiyordu. 1492 y\u0131l\u0131nda engizisyonu ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Avrupa Yahudileri k\u0131l\u0131k k\u0131yafet<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak art\u0131k Avrupal\u0131 olmu\u015f, sosyal ya\u015fama uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama Rusya&rsquo;dan gelenler \u00f6yle de\u011fildi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sokaklar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>c\u00fcbbeli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>z\u00fcl\u00fcfl\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>doldurmas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halklar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>rahats\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etmeye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupa&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>antisemitizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>t\u0131rmanmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flad\u0131. Karl Marx&rsquo;\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu \u015fehir olan Bonn, \u00f6nceleri Fransa&rsquo;n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeydi. 1789 Frans\u0131z ihtilali<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.55pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>getirmi\u015fti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.4pt;\"> <\/span>Di\u011fer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.3pt;\"> <\/span>vatanda\u015flarla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>e\u015fit<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>haklara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>sahiptiler.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.4pt;\"> <\/span>Dinlerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.2pt;\"> <\/span>gizlemeden ya\u015fayabiliyorlard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1815&#8217;te,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Napolyon&#8217;un<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yenilgisinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonra,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bonn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fehrini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7ine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>alan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bug\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Almanya&rsquo;n\u0131n Rheinland-Pfalz eyaleti tekrar Prusya&rsquo;n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Kral III. Frederick William,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kontrol alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu topraklarda Yahudilere uygulanan k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu tekrar geri getirmi\u015fti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Prusya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tamam\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devlette<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcksek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>makamlara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>memurluklara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gelmeleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yasakt\u0131. 1816&rsquo;da bu yasaklar geni\u015fletildi, Yahudilerin avukatl\u0131k ve eczac\u0131l\u0131k gibi meslekleri yapmalar\u0131 da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yasakland\u0131. 25 y\u0131l gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f olan Yahudiler yeniden bask\u0131 alt\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>al\u0131n\u0131yordu. Bu durum Yahudi toplumu \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Baz\u0131lar\u0131, eski a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>stat\u00fclerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00f6nmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vaftiz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmay\u0131 (yani zahiren Hristiyanla\u015fmay\u0131) tercih etti.[8] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span><\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Karl Marx&rsquo;\u0131n avukat<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>babas\u0131 Heinrich<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Marx<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bunlardan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>biriydi<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yeniden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yeralt\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inmi\u015f,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kripto<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kimlikleriyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yer\u00fcst\u00fcnde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ya\u015famaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnizmin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Do\u011fu\u015fu (Bir Yahudi Plan\u0131yd\u0131!..)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda sanayi devrimi, i\u015f\u00e7ileri k\u00f6lele\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Emekten ba\u015fka satacak hi\u00e7bir \u015feyleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmayan i\u015f\u00e7iler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r ko\u015fullarda g\u00fcnde 13-15 saat gibi uzun s\u00fcreler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda kal\u0131yor,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>emeklerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ald\u0131klar\u0131 asgari \u00fccret ancak hayatta kalmalar\u0131na yetiyordu. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya&rsquo;dan g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f Yahudiler de vard\u0131. Fakat onlar di\u011ferlerinden farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Okuma yazma biliyorlard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bir\u00e7o\u011funun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sanat\u0131 vard\u0131. Hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131 zaman\u0131nda ticaretle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015f, zenginli\u011fi tatm\u0131\u015f kimselerdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sosyalizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>h\u0131zla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yay\u0131lmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sosyalizmi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>savunanlar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>en<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gidenleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>hep<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerdi. Avrupa&rsquo;da Sosyalizmin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra antisemitizm de y\u00fckseli\u015fteydi. Bu iki ak\u0131m, <\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;Vatans\u0131z Para&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">ya yani b\u00fcy\u00fck Yahudi sermayesine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>ciddi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.85pt;\"> <\/span>tehdit<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1pt;\"> <\/span>te\u015fkil<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.85pt;\"> <\/span>ediyordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>Toplumun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.9pt;\"> <\/span>en<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.9pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcst<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1pt;\"> <\/span>tabakas\u0131nda,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.85pt;\"> <\/span>bankalara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1pt;\"> <\/span>finansa h\u00fckmeden birka\u00e7 aile de Yahudi k\u00f6kenliydi, toplumun en alt\u0131nda ezilen tabakan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelenleri de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00f6kenliydi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130ki<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>z\u0131t<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kutbun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nderleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ayn\u0131 soy ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ayn\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>inanca<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sahipti! Y\u00fckselen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>fikirlerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zorlamas\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devletler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>finansal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermaye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sanayi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcretimiyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011fra\u015fan Yahudi k\u00f6kenli b\u00fcy\u00fck burjuvaziye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7e\u015fitli tedbirler alabilirdi. O s\u0131ralarda y\u00fckseli\u015fte olan sosyalist hareket i\u00e7inde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuvazi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(kobiler)<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>al\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dcretimin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7o\u011funu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>onlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmas\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ra\u011fmen,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00e2r\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7o\u011funu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>banka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bankerler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>al\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dcretimi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuvazi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kredi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>veren<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermayeye s\u00fcrekli faiz \u00f6demek zorundayd\u0131. Bu durum k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin finansal sermayeye kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tav\u0131r<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>almas\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sebep<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>oluyordu.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Benzer bir durum devletler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erliydi. Devlet, \u00e7arklar\u0131n d\u00f6nmesi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli s\u0131cak paraya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyor ve bu kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan bankerlere bor\u00e7lan\u0131yordu. Devletin s\u0131rt\u0131ndaki bu bor\u00e7 ve faiz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fck\u00fc, vergi yoluyla halk\u0131 ezerken, paraya muhta\u00e7 olan y\u00f6neticilerin sermayenin taleplerine boyun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>e\u011fmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi ile devletin uzla\u015farak halk\u0131n yan\u0131nda ortak hareket etmesi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>finansal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermaye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>felaket<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olabilirdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Tarihte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>defalarca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>krallar,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zengin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin para ve mallar\u0131na el koyabilir, onlar\u0131 yok edebilirdi. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devletle\u015ftirilebilirdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>manada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yakla\u015fan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>belas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ray\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mahk\u00fbm edilmeliydi. \u0130\u015fte bu i\u015fi kom\u00fcnizmi icat eden Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels ve Moses Hess<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Karl Marx&rsquo;\u0131n<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Yahudi k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funu daha \u00f6nce yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Marx, b\u00fcy\u00fck hahamlar \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ok k\u00f6kl\u00fc, dindar ve \u00e7ok zengin bir Yahudi ailenin mensubuydu; <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lionel de Rothschild ile de kuzendi. <\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lionel de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rothschild,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.05pt;\"> <\/span>ailenin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130ngiltere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1pt;\"> <\/span>kolunun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.1pt;\"> <\/span>lideri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.85pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1pt;\"> <\/span>en<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>bankeriydi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.95pt;\"> <\/span>Marx,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.85pt;\"> <\/span>mason<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>olup<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.9pt;\"> <\/span>Frankist tarikat\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131.[9] <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Friedrich Engels <\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">de Yahudi k\u00f6kenli bir masondu. Engels&rsquo;in babas\u0131n\u0131n hem Almanya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hem de \u0130ngiltere&rsquo;de tekstil fabrikalar\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu iki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fc en \u00e7ok etkileyen ki\u015fi Moses Hess ise<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>babas\u0131 haham olan, dini e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok dindar bir ba\u015fka Yahudi&rsquo;ydi. Kom\u00fcnist manifestoyu bu \u00fc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fahsiyet kaleme ald\u0131. Kom\u00fcnist manifestoyu kaleme alanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok zengin ve dindar Yahudi ailelerinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gelmesi size hi\u00e7 garip gelmiyor mu? Babas\u0131n\u0131n fabrikalar\u0131 olan \u00e7ok zengin bir insan\u0131n: <strong><em>&ldquo;Fabrikalar devletin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olsun,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ben<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>orada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7i olay\u0131m&rdquo;<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> iddias\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda elbette bir \u015feytanl\u0131k aranmal\u0131yd\u0131!?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Lionel de Rothschild \u0130ngiltere&rsquo;de siyasete girmek istiyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc siyasete girmeden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devletin kararlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Fakat siyaset alan\u0131 Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kapal\u0131yd\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hatta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mutlak monar\u015filerde kral ve soylular hari\u00e7, s\u0131radan halk da siyasette s\u00f6z sahibi olam\u0131yordu. \u0130ngiltere&rsquo;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>parlamento vard\u0131 ancak kanunlar Yahudilerin siyasete girmesine izin vermiyordu. Lionel de Rothschild, 1847&rsquo;de Londra vekili olarak \u0130ngiliz meclisi Avam Kamaras\u0131&rsquo;na se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti ama \u0130ncil \u00fczerine yemin etmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istemeyince ve Yahudi oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi herkesin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6z\u00fcne bat\u0131nca vekilli\u011fi onaylanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu arada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131 olup Protestan olarak vaftiz edilen kripto <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Benjamin Disraeli<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">, 1837 y\u0131l\u0131nda Muhafazak\u00e2r<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Parti&rsquo;den<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avam<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Kamaras\u0131&rsquo;na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>girmi\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>aktif<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>siyaset\u00e7iydi.[10] <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"><\/span>Lionel<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Rothschild<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>yak\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arkada\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Disraeli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayn\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zamanda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yazard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1844<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Coningsby&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>isimli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>politik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>roman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Roman\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Sidonia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>karakteri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">fikrini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u015f\u0131lamaktayd\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sidonia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>karakteri hem kendisi hem de arkada\u015f\u0131 Baron Lionel de Rothschild gibi gizemli ve \u00fcst\u00fcn yetenekleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.4pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.35pt;\"> <\/span>kimseyi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.05pt;\"> <\/span>anlat\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.4pt;\"> <\/span>Romanda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.45pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.15pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.25pt;\"> <\/span>ama<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.25pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.15pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6zel<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.3pt;\"> <\/span>aileler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.15pt;\"> <\/span>vas\u0131tas\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.2pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnya i\u015flerinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etkili<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olduklar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00f6yleniyordu.[11] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span>Disraeli,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnyay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6neten<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>karakter<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sidonia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rothschildler&rsquo;i \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.[12] Romanda Sidonia karakteri, 1844 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa&rsquo;da bir gezintiye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fini haber veriyordu. Sidonia, <strong><em>&ldquo;Almanya&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>planlanan ve haz\u0131rlanan, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirecek devrim \u015f\u00fcphesiz Yahudilerin imzas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r&rdquo;<\/em><\/strong> diyor<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve bu durumun <strong><em>&ldquo;\u00fclkede t\u00fcm \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revlere Yahudilerin yerle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/em><\/strong>s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.[13] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span>Anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fczere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Disraeli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>roman\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yakla\u015fan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1848<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareketlerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>haber<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vermekteydi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1848<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Fransa&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flayan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanmas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birdenbire<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>t\u00fcm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupa&rsquo;y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sarm\u0131\u015f,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Avrupa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Bahar\u0131&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (Yani faizci-kan emici Kapitalizmin de, ezici ve k\u00f6lele\u015ftirici Kom\u00fcnizmin de arkas\u0131nda ayn\u0131 Siyonist Yahudi kafas\u0131 s\u0131r\u0131tmaktayd\u0131&hellip; A.A.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto&rsquo;nun K\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131!..<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Halk ayaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131 kom\u00fcnist manifesto tetiklemi\u015fti. Kom\u00fcnist manifestoyu ilk okudu\u011fumda bana<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7ok sa\u00e7ma sapan bir metin gibi gelmi\u015fti. Belki terc\u00fcme k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr diye \u0130ngilizce terc\u00fcmesini okudum,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yine sa\u00e7ma geldi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Metinde bir gariplik vard\u0131. \u00c7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in ciddi \u00e7aba sarf ettim. Sonra metnin bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>operasyon metni olarak haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark edince plan t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Metin \u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>basit bir metindi, ama perde arkas\u0131ndaki kurgu m\u00fcthi\u015fti. Metin, i\u015f\u00e7ileri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ama\u00e7, halk\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kurulu d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 kullanarak yeni bir d\u00fczen kurmakt\u0131. Mutlak monar\u015filer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131lacak,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Vatans\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Para&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>meclislerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7inde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>alaca\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Me\u015fruti<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Monar\u015filere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ge\u00e7ilecekti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bunu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yaparken de sosyalizmin Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;ya (k\u00fcresel sermayeye) verebilece\u011fi zarar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilecek,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yani zamanla bu ak\u0131m ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa mahk\u00fbm edilecek \u015fekilde kurgulanacakt\u0131. Tekrar vurgulayal\u0131m,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kom\u00fcnizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>olmas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>\u015eimdi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>metni<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>bu perspektiften<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>biraz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>inceleyelim:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">1) Manifesto,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>toplum<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7erisindeki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kutupla\u015fmay\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><strong>&ldquo;burjuvazi&rdquo;<\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(sermaye,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zenginler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015fveren,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>toprak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahipleri) ve <strong>&ldquo;proletarya&rdquo;<\/strong> (i\u015f\u00e7iler) olmak \u00fczere keskin bir \u015fekilde ikiye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Manifestoya g\u00f6re,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>toplumda ne grinin tonlar\u0131 ne de ba\u015fka renkler vard\u0131r. Taraflar siyah ve beyaz olarak keskin bir \u015fekilde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa toplum i\u00e7erisindeki s\u0131n\u0131fsal yap\u0131, en tepeden en a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki vas\u0131fs\u0131z i\u015f\u00e7iye gelene<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da katmandan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Manifesto bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti herkes<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmak istemektedir. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle toplumun di\u011fer katmanlar\u0131n\u0131 vas\u0131fs\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7i ile ayn\u0131 stat\u00fcye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek istemektedir. Bu ciddi bir tehdittir. Bu \u00fctopya, kol g\u00fcc\u00fcnden ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>satacak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hi\u00e7bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015feyleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmayan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vas\u0131fs\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7ilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ho\u015funa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gitmi\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olabilir,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ancak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>toplumun \u00fcst<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>katmanlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a, sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetme fikri, as\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc elinde bulunduranlar\u0131n hi\u00e7 de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ho\u015funa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>gitmemi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Daha \u00f6nce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin <strong><em>&ldquo;Vatans\u0131z Para&rdquo;<\/em><\/strong>dan rahats\u0131z oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi, i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve devlet uzla\u015farak finans s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc sorununa bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulabilirdi. Bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn birlikte hareket etmesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>finansal sermaye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir felaket olurdu. Bu felaketi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>toplumun \u00fcst kesimlerini ve \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvay\u0131 ellerindeki t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar\u0131 almakla tehdit ederek,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131t kutba, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na itti. B\u00f6ylece maa\u015f alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde bir ay sonra a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lecek olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanma<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonras\u0131nda yapayaln\u0131z kalacakt\u0131. Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto, ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015f\u00e7ileri, kendilerine yap\u0131lan haks\u0131z s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 da k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131rganla\u015fmas\u0131, d\u00fczeni sa\u011flamak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zorunda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devleti mecburen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>onlar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dikecekti&hellip;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Devlet<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netimi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kral<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>soylular\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>elindeydi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fct\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>onlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sorumlu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tutulacakt\u0131. Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma bir anlamda i\u015f\u00e7iler ile kral ve soylular\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmesi anlam\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geliyordu. Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmada burjuvazi de i\u015f\u00e7ilerden tehdit alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan devletin yan\u0131nda yer alacakt\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>B\u00f6ylece<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>finansal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermaye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ittifak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapabilecek,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devlet,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuvazi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kar\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>cephelerde birbirleriyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Vatans\u0131z Para, kendisini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alabilecekti. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler burada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sadece<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">2) Kom\u00fcnist manifesto, ayn\u0131 zamanda <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">dine <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">(her t\u00fcrl\u00fc manevi ve ahl\u00e2ki disipline) <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">de sald\u0131r\u0131yordu. Ona g\u00f6re din, <\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;halk\u0131n afyonuydu.&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Dini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inanc\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, halk\u0131n hayali bir mutluluk veya \u00f6teki d\u00fcnyada sahip olunacak bir mutluluk yerine bu d\u00fcnyadaki mutlulu\u011fu aramas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131. Bu akla yatk\u0131n gibi gelen gerek\u00e7elere ra\u011fmen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>bilinen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>tarihinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>beri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>var<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>dini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>inanc\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>ortadan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>kald\u0131rmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.5pt;\"> <\/span>m\u00fcmk\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>de\u011fildi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.5pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131r\u0131, otomatikman kiliseyi de i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki gruba d\u00e2hil ederek finansal sermayenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bariyer<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fmas\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131. Bununla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birlikte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inanca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arkas\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nemli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hedef<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Y\u00fckselen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>temelinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hristiyan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inanc\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yat\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nce<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.75pt;\"> <\/span>yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hristiyanlar, Yahudilere Hz. \u0130sa&rsquo;y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015fmand\u0131. Orta \u00c7a\u011f&rsquo;da ya\u015fanan engizisyon felaketi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>herkesin akl\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00f6n\u00fcne koyulan ateist olma fikri tutar ve toplum taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcrse,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dini inan\u00e7 ve din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n da toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisi zay\u0131flayacakt\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Yahudilere yap\u0131lan din temelli sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>azalaca\u011f\u0131 hesaplan\u0131yordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin; 1871 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>Prusya ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015fta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgiye u\u011fray\u0131nca \u00fclkede rejim \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f ve bir iktidar bo\u015flu\u011fu do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Kom\u00fcnistler bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bo\u015fluktan yararlanarak Paris&rsquo;i ele ge\u00e7irdiler ve <strong>Paris Kom\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong>&rsquo;n\u00fc kurdular. Kom\u00fcnistlerin ilk yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek ve kiliselere sald\u0131rmak olmu\u015ftu. Anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere kom\u00fcnizmin, dini inanc\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bask\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>alt\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>alma<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>plan\u0131 i\u015fe<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yar\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130\u015fin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ilgin\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yan\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto&rsquo;ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">laikle\u015fmenin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> de <\/span>temelini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fturacak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;din,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>afyonudur&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">c\u00fcmlesini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yazd\u0131ran, haham seviyesinde \u00e7ok dindar bir Yahudi olan <strong>Moses Hess<\/strong> idi.[14] Hess, 1862 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan <strong>&ldquo;Rome and Jerusalem (Roma ve Kud\u00fcs)&rdquo;<\/strong> isimli kitab\u0131nda, Yahudilerin Filistin&rsquo;de kendi devletlerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahip olmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Hess&rsquo;e g\u00f6re s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki Yahudiler, bu y\u00f6nde \u00e7abalarken ayn\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zamanda ulusal kimliklerini kaybetmemeliydi. Yahudi dinine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya sar\u0131lmak, Yahudi milli kimli\u011fini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>koruman\u0131n en iyi yoluydu. <strong>\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere dinsizli\u011fi tavsiye eden Hess, Yahudilere dini inanc\u0131n\u0131za s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u011fl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>kal\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>diyordu! Musevilikte;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Filistin&rsquo;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kutsal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>topraklara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6m\u00fclenlerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Mesih<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnyaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geldi\u011finde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ilk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>diriltilecekler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olaca\u011f\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dair<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inan\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vard\u0131r.[15] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inan\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Modern<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Siyonizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Siyonist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sosyalizmin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurucusu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>adland\u0131r\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(Kom\u00fcnist)<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hess&rsquo;in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kemikleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1961<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130srail&rsquo;e<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>nakledilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">3) Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto, vatan ve millet kavramlar\u0131na da sald\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Manifestoya g\u00f6re zaten i\u015f\u00e7ilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vatan\u0131 yoktu, onlara ait olmayan bir \u015feyin, onlardan al\u0131nmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildi. Bir bireyin bir ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bireyi s\u00f6m\u00fcrmesi ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, bir ulusun da \u00f6tekini s\u00f6m\u00fcrmesi ortadan kalkacakt\u0131. Kula\u011fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ho\u015f gelen bu s\u00f6zler hi\u00e7 de ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i de\u011fildi. \u0130nsanlar daha ilk \u00e7a\u011flarda kabileler halinde ya\u015famaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken yiyecek i\u00e7in birbirleriyle de sava\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sahip oldu\u011fu topra\u011f\u0131 koruma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ileride devletleri olu\u015fturacakt\u0131. Frans\u0131z ihtilali sonras\u0131nda milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin tavan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ulusal devletlerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birliklerini sa\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 k\u00fcrek \u00e7ekmenin ba\u015fka bir amac\u0131 olmal\u0131yd\u0131?<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Vatan ve millet kavram\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, ayn\u0131 \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet ve dini inanc\u0131 ortadan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kald\u0131rmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fckselmekte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7erisine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>koyulmu\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bombayd\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>fikir,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>insanlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmaktan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Di\u011fer yandan, \u00f6nceleri Hristiyan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>inanc\u0131 temelinde y\u00fckselen Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali&rsquo;nden sonra yeni bir boyut kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Etnik kimliklerine sahip \u00e7\u0131kan halklar, farkl\u0131 bir etnik kimli\u011fe sahip olan Yahudilere art\u0131k \u0131rk temelli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k da beslemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin, vatan ve millet kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 reddetmesi, etnik kimlik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>temelinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi \u0131rk\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltabilirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">4) O d\u00f6nemde toplumda, <strong><em>&ldquo;kom\u00fcnistler kad\u0131nlar\u0131 ortak kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7mak istiyor&rdquo;<\/em><\/strong> \u015feklinde bir inan\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vard\u0131. Muhtemelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>franskist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Marx<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>bir\u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kom\u00fcnist o<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fcnlerde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de <strong>&ldquo;Kuzu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Bayram\u0131&rdquo;<\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>rit\u00fcelini devam ettiriyordu. Belki de bu sebeple Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto&rsquo;da <strong>&ldquo;ailenin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131&rdquo;<\/strong> ve <strong>&ldquo;kad\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ortak kullan\u0131m\u0131&rdquo;<\/strong> konusunda yap\u0131lan su\u00e7lamalara y\u00f6nelik savunmalar yer almaktayd\u0131. Do\u011fal olarak bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>savunma da b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyin olabilece\u011fi \u015f\u00fcphesini yaratarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalizme yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131ya bir bomba<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ilave<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ediyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">5) Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gerici<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131<strong>,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;feodal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalizm&rdquo;,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuva<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalizmi&rdquo;<\/strong> ve <strong>&ldquo;Alman sosyalizmi&rdquo;<\/strong> ile tutucu sosyalizm olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>&ldquo;burjuva sosyalizmine&rdquo; <\/strong>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sald\u0131r\u0131yordu. Her \u00fclkenin kendi \u015fartlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flayan sosyalist hareketler kendi ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u0131rak\u0131lsayd\u0131, Vatans\u0131z Para ve Yahudiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilirdi. Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;n\u0131n,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupa&rsquo;n\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerinde birbirleriyle irtibatl\u0131 bankalar\u0131 vard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn devletler onlara bor\u00e7luydu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nce<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>belirtti\u011fimiz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareketler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fckseli\u015fi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kral<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>soylular\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yani<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devletin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc elinde bulunduran asli unsuru, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fbirli\u011fine mecbur ederek,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sermaye s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 tedbirler almaya itebilirdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z Yahudi tefecilerin can\u0131 ve paralar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tehlikeye girmek \u00fczereydi. Bulunan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, b\u00fct\u00fcn sol ve sosyalist hareketler ile i\u015f\u00e7ileri, Manifesto&rsquo;nun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7izdi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7er\u00e7evede<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birle\u015fmeye<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zorlamakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto,<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <strong><em>&ldquo;B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin proleterleri, birle\u015fin!&rdquo; <\/em><\/strong>c\u00fcmlesiyle noktalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herkesi tek tip<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kal\u0131ba<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sokma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tam<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tersi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nde,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fckseli\u015fteki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareketleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kendi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>m\u00fccadelesine s\u00fcr\u00fckleyerek zay\u0131flataca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6yle de oldu, sosyalist hareketler kendi aralar\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7at\u0131\u015farak par\u00e7aland\u0131. <strong>Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto, y\u00fckselen sosyalizm fikrini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa mahk\u00fbm etmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto&rsquo;nun asli amac\u0131 kurulu d\u00fczeni y\u0131kmakt\u0131. Avrupa&rsquo;da Orta \u00c7a\u011f&rsquo;dan kalan feodal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ili\u015fkiler h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam ediyordu. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde her ne kadar monar\u015fileri ba\u011flayan meclis ve anayasalar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>olsa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kral<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etraf\u0131ndaki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aristokrasi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>onlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>destekleyen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kilise,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devlet<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netimine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>h\u00e2kimdi. Vatans\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Para<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6nelik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tehdit,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geliyordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1492<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130spanya&rsquo;dan kovulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve mallar\u0131na el koyulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan Elhamra Kararnamesi; kral,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>soylular<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve kilise g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya&rsquo;da da benzer \u015fey olmu\u015ftu. \u00c7ar, milli burjuvazi ve kilise<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilere sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n sebebiydi. Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseldi\u011fi Avrupa&rsquo;da her an b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olabilirdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Vatans\u0131z<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Para&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bekas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kral,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aristokrasi-burjuvazi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kiliseden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurtulmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birinci \u00f6ncelikli<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6rev<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>haline<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>gelmi\u015fti. Demokrasi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>fikri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>do\u011fmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/strong>\u0130\u015fte Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto, bu yerle\u015fik d\u00fczeni y\u0131kmak i\u00e7in ezilen i\u015f\u00e7ileri kullanmak istiyordu. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00f6n\u00fcne,<strong><em><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;sizi s\u00f6m\u00fcren zenginler olmayacak, hepimiz e\u015fit olup refah i\u00e7inde daha mutlu ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131z&rdquo; <\/em><\/strong>ideali<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>koyulmu\u015ftu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu ideal, milli sermaye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birikiminin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6n\u00fcne<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ge\u00e7mek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in uydurulmu\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>bir s\u00f6ylemdi.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Milli sermaye olmadan i\u015f yarat\u0131lamaz, geli\u015fme olamazd\u0131. \u015eimdi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u015fey i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve halk\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>isyana<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>haz\u0131rlamakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnist Manifestonun<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>isyan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>komplosu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>nas\u0131l<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>sonu\u00e7land\u0131?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>asl\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bak\u0131l\u0131rsa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">hi\u00e7bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zaman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>imk\u00e2n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmayan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcrrealist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fctopyadan<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">ibaretti. Bu \u00e7\u0131plak ger\u00e7e\u011fi, d\u00f6nemin sol ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 da biliyordu. Manifesto&rsquo;yu kaleme alanlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zaten<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>her<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>\u015feyin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>fark\u0131ndayd\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ancak<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>e\u011fitimsiz,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>cahil<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7ilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hi\u00e7bir \u015feyden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>haberleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>yoktu. Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto&rsquo;nun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7erisinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130ngilizce,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Frans\u0131zca,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Almanca,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130talyanca,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Flamanca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Danca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(Danimarka) yay\u0131mlanaca\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131yordu. Fakat Londra&rsquo;da da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan ilk kopya Almanca olmu\u015ftu. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7inde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>di\u011fer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dillere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7evrilen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kopyalar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>t\u00fcm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Avrupa&rsquo;y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bug\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birileri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fczel<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>manifesto<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>haz\u0131rlasa, mevcut internet ve sosyal medya ortam\u0131nda bu belgeyi t\u00fcm Avrupa&rsquo;ya ula\u015ft\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmaz. Belgenin yay\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in her \u00fclkede belli bir organizasyon ve bu organizasyonlar\u0131 birbirine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u011flayan irtibat elemanlar\u0131 ile merkezi bir beynin olmas\u0131 gerekir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu sisteme network (a\u011f)<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>deniyor.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Marx, Engels, Hess<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi \u00fclke<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fclke<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gezen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gittikleri her<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yerde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>te\u015fkilat<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>kuran, insanlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>organize eden y\u00fczlerce Yahudi aktivist vard\u0131. Dini inan\u00e7lar\u0131, hayatta kalma i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc ve etnik kimlikleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>onlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131yor, m\u00fccadele azimlerini art\u0131r\u0131yordu. B\u00fcy\u00fck Yahudi sermayesi ise bu i\u015fler i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gerekli paray\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Matbaa icat edildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden beri b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde bas\u0131n-yay\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin kontrol\u00fcndeydi. Bildirileri basmak ve da\u011f\u0131tmak onlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok kolay olmu\u015ftu. Networkun en \u00f6nemli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>par\u00e7as\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sinagoglard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hahamlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>vas\u0131tas\u0131yla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fct\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fclkelerdeki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>plan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>doktrine<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ediliyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130\u015f\u00e7iler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131llard\u0131r<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gizli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u00e7\u0131ktan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gazete,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bro\u015f\u00fcr,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bildiri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>isyana<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>haz\u0131rlan\u0131yordu. Manifesto bir i\u015faret fi\u015fe\u011fi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130syan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerdeki liderleri hep<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerdi. \u00c7e\u015fitli k\u0131s\u0131tlamalarla bir\u00e7ok meslekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yasaklanan Yahudiler, toplumun en alt<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tabakas\u0131na itilip ezildikleri i\u00e7in isyanda en \u00f6nde sava\u015facak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc askerler haline gelmi\u015flerdi. Ba\u015fka<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7areleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yoktu. Ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015f\u0131p<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kazanacaklar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ikinci<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u0131n\u0131f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>insan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>muamelesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6rmeye devam edeceklerdi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Burada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kimse<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>falan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>zannetmesin.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Biz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mekanizmay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tarif<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>etmeye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Basite<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>indirgeyecek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olursak,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mekanizma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayn\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>FET\u00d6&rsquo;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015fliyordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00d6rg\u00fct<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>elemanlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6rg\u00fctteki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hiyerar\u015filerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6re<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>nimetlerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>faydalan\u0131yor<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birbirlerinin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.75pt;\"> <\/span>deste\u011fiyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>toplumsal katmanda \u00fcst s\u0131ralara ilerliyorlard\u0131. Ama tepe kadrosu hari\u00e7 hi\u00e7birinin ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan veya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>neye hizmet etti\u011finden bile haberi yoktu. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman da ezilenler onlar oluyordu. Hat\u0131rlay\u0131n; tepeden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>emir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geldi\u011finde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>FET\u00d6&rsquo;n\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>asker<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcyeleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6zleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kapal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>15<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Temmuz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>darbe<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>giri\u015fimine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kalk\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerden olu\u015fan Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc de ayn\u0131 mant\u0131kla i\u015fliyordu. Yahudiler dini inan\u00e7lar\u0131na \u00e7ok ba\u011fl\u0131 insanlard\u0131. Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;n\u0131n sahipleri onlar\u0131n bu inanc\u0131n\u0131 istismar ediyor, mistik kabala \u00f6\u011fretisiyle kendi iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>zenginliklerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>korumak i\u00e7in onlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>birer ma\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>meselesine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tekrar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00f6nelim.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nce<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kom\u00fcnistlerin,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>monar\u015fi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>aristokrasi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuvazi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kiliseyi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bitirmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istediklerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130\u015fin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ilgin\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yan\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kom\u00fcnistler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>liberaller<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>milliyet\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>monar\u015fileri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devirip,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>anayasaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dayal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>parlamentoya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahip<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>cumhuriyetler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>istiyorlard\u0131. Onlar da bu operasyona haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7lerin ayn\u0131 siyasi ama\u00e7 istikametinde bir araya gelmesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>devrim<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcrecinin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa olsun, insanlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne koyulan ideoloji ve hayaller<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ne kadar g\u00fczel olursa olsun, \u00fclkeleri olu\u015fturan halklar\u0131 isyan ettirip, sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kurulu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fczenin \u00fczerine s\u00fcr\u00fcp, \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6ndermek hi\u00e7 de kolay de\u011fildir. B\u00fcy\u00fck kitleleri harekete ge\u00e7irecek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>daha \u00f6nemli bir \u015fey olmal\u0131yd\u0131. 1845-47 y\u0131llar\u0131nda t\u00fcm Avrupa&rsquo;y\u0131 saran patates hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tar\u0131msal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcretimdeki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.6pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.65pt;\"> <\/span>bunun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>tetikledi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.65pt;\"> <\/span>ekonomik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>kriz,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.75pt;\"> <\/span>insanlar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.4pt;\"> <\/span>a\u00e7l\u0131kla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcze<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.7pt;\"> <\/span>getirmi\u015fti.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.6pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130nsanlar, a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lmek ile adil bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7in sava\u015farak \u00f6lmek aras\u0131nda bir se\u00e7ime mahk\u00fbm olmu\u015ftu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu mahk\u00fbmiyet devrimin as\u0131l tetikleyicisiydi. Bug\u00fcn de b\u00f6yle bir devrim yap\u0131lacaksa yine halk\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irici<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>unsur<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130\u015fte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ortamda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Kom\u00fcnist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Manifesto<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015eubat<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1848&rsquo;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yay\u0131nland\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130lk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>halk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareketi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>22<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015eubat&rsquo;ta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Fransa&rsquo;da ba\u015flad\u0131. Devrim r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede Almanya, \u0130talya, Avusturya, Macaristan, Polonya ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Romanya&rsquo;ya ula\u015ft\u0131. Nas\u0131l olmu\u015ftu da bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak halk ayaklanmalar\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131?<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ayn\u0131 &ldquo;Arap Bahar\u0131&rdquo; gibi! Halklar sokaklarda barikatlar kurmu\u015f, yerle\u015fik d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Paris<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sokaklar\u0131nda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>burjuvazi, \u00f6\u011frenciler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>milliyet\u00e7iler,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>liberaller, sosyalistler ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>omuz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>omuza devlete kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131yordu. Fransa Kral\u0131 Louis-Philippe, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede pes etti ve taht\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ka\u00e7t\u0131. Fransa&rsquo;da krall\u0131k y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 26 \u015eubat 1848&#8217;de liberal muhalefet ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurdu ve takiben<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>2&rsquo;nci Cumhuriyet ilan edildi. Krall\u0131k rejimi ayaktayken herkesin ortak bir d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 vard\u0131. Rejim y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131nca,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi, liberaller, milliyet\u00e7iler ve hatta sosyalistler sokaklar\u0131 terk etti. Geriye sadece haklar\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arayan radikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin \u00f6nderlik etti\u011fi i\u015f\u00e7iler kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Devleti ele ge\u00e7irip, kendi rejimlerini kuranlar\u0131n,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7ileri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi bir gayretleri olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hi\u00e7bir hak tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bunun<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fczerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>20<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7i<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>parlamentoyu bast\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunacak bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorlard\u0131. Ancak yapayaln\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130syan\u0131 omuz omuza beraber ba\u015flatt\u0131klar\u0131 toplumun di\u011fer katmanlar\u0131ndaki topluluklar Kom\u00fcnizm korkusuyla art\u0131k onlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndayd\u0131. Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto&rsquo;da zaten sonucun b\u00f6yle olmas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iler<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanma<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonras\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sahipsiz<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kald\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Yeni kurulan H\u00fck\u00fcmet, Cezayir s\u00f6m\u00fcrge sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda sokak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda tecr\u00fcbe kazanm\u0131\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>General Cavaignac&rsquo;\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ileri da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendiriyordu. 80 bin asker ve 100 bin ulusal muhaf\u0131zdan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olu\u015fan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>yeni<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>rejimin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7leri,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Paris<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>sokaklar\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>barikatlarda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>direnen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.2pt;\"> <\/span>40<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>bin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7iyi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>top<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>t\u00fcfek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.3pt;\"> <\/span>at\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ac\u0131mas\u0131zca eziyordu. D\u00f6rt g\u00fcn devam eden \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar neticesinde 15 bin i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Karl Marx, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>cesareti<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>harika<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>buluyordu![16] Marx, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir \u00fcyesi olan Ferdinand Flocon&#8217;un Fransa&rsquo;da dergi \u00e7\u0131karma teklifini reddederek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hemen K\u00f6ln&rsquo;e geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Amac\u0131 Alman monar\u015filerini de devirmekti. K\u00f6ln&rsquo;de kendisini demokrasi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>savunucusu ilan eden Rhineland isimli bir gazete \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Gazetenin finansman\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngiliz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>liberaller sa\u011fl\u0131yordu! Ancak Kral IV. William, g\u00f6stericilerin, parlamento se\u00e7imlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, anayasa haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi taleplerini kabul ederek iktidarda kalmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Prusya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devrilmesi bir ba\u015fka bahara kald\u0131. <strong>Devletleri birbiriyle sava\u015ft\u0131rmadan krall\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devirip cumhuriyete ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131. 1. D\u00fcnya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sava\u015f\u0131 bu ama\u00e7la<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>tezg\u00e2hland\u0131. Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arada Vatans\u0131z Para \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar elde etmi\u015f, hem kendini g\u00fcvene alm\u0131\u015f hem de parlamentolar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>sayesinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>siyasette<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>etkin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>olmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arada<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1848<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devrimi \u0130ngiltere&rsquo;ye ise<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hi\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011framam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Parlamento&#8217;ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>girmesinin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6n\u00fcndeki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>engelleri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kald\u0131ran<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1858<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tarihli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&lsquo;&lsquo;Jews<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Relief<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Act&rsquo;&rsquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yasas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>birlikte<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Lionel<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rothschild<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ilk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>parlamenter<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>koltu\u011funa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oturacakt\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bundan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>10<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sene<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonra<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Benjamin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>Disraeli, \u0130ngiltere&rsquo;nin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>ilk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00f6kenli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015fbakan\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015faracakt\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>O<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fcnden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonra<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rothschild<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ailesi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;\u00fczerinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fcne\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>batmayan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>imparatorlu\u011fun&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">siyasetinin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>orta\u011f\u0131yd\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fczden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Prens<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Charles g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;B\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>S\u0131f\u0131rlama&rdquo;s\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fcnyaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>duyuranlar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>aras\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>yer<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Y\u0131kan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Ukraynal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Devrimci (de Yahudi As\u0131ll\u0131yd\u0131!?)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u015eimdi h\u0131zl\u0131ca 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&rsquo;na bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131&rsquo;nda da sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareketler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>etkin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>olmaya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>1870&#8217;lerden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.5pt;\"> <\/span>beri<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>devrimcilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.8pt;\"> <\/span>devrimci<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>hareketinde \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131klar\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u00d6n yarg\u0131s\u0131z bir g\u00f6zlemci bile Rusya&rsquo;daki devrimcilerin sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudiler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirildi\u011fini kabul edecektir. Sol gruplardaki Yahudilerin say\u0131s\u0131 di\u011fer etnik<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>az\u0131nl\u0131klardan hatta Ruslardan bile fazlad\u0131r.[17] 1879 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya&rsquo;da sosyalist g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc <strong>&ldquo;Halk\u0131n \u0130radesi&rdquo;<\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurulmu\u015ftu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00d6rg\u00fct,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7arl\u0131k<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>otokrasisini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devirmek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ter\u00f6rizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>suikast<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6ntemini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>benimsemi\u015fti. \u00c7ok say\u0131da devlet g\u00f6revlisini \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Nihayet birka\u00e7 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z giri\u015fimden sonra 13<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Mart 1881&#8217;de Rus \u00c7ar\u0131&rsquo;n\u0131 da \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131lar.[18] \u00c7ar II. Alexander&rsquo;in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fczerine Rusya&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flayan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>dalgas\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>tetikledi.[19] Bask\u0131lar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sebebiyle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ruslara<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>giderek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>art\u0131yordu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lenin&rsquo;in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">St.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Petersburg<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dcniversitesi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6\u011frencisi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u011fabeyi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Alexander<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ulyanov<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonraki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7ar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>III.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Alexander&rsquo;a<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lan <span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir suikast giri\u015fiminden sonra su\u00e7lu bulunarak tutukland\u0131 ve idam edildi.[20] Rusya&rsquo;daki bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>m\u00fczede sergilenen yeni belgeler aras\u0131nda, <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lenin&#8217;in k\u0131z karde\u015fi Anna Ulyanova <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>anne taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck babalar\u0131n\u0131n Pale Yerle\u015fim&#8217;deki zul\u00fcmden ka\u00e7mak ve y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenime eri\u015fim<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sa\u011flamak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.3pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>ge\u00e7en<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.2pt;\"> <\/span>Ukraynal\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.75pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.4pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011funu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.45pt;\"> <\/span>iddia<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.25pt;\"> <\/span>eden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.45pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 1.15pt;\"> <\/span>mektup sergilenmektedir.[21] Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z <strong>Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin)<\/strong>, \u00c7ar&rsquo;a suikast giri\u015fiminde bulunan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>abisi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>saklamak<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6rg\u00fct<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ismi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Lenin&rdquo;i<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>kullanan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kripto<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi&rsquo;ydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131kma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>giri\u015fimi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015far\u0131ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ula\u015fana<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kadar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0131srarla uyguland\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1904<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Japonya ile bir sava\u015fa tutu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131. Sava\u015f\u0131n getirdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r \u015fartlar halk\u0131 zorlarken, bunu f\u0131rsat bilen kripto<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7ileri greve s\u00fcr\u00fckleyerek \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devirmek i\u00e7in bir halk ayaklanmas\u0131 planland\u0131. Kanl\u0131 Pazar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ayaklanma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>22 Ocak 1905&rsquo;te St.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Petersburg&rsquo;da ba\u015flad\u0131. <strong><em>Ayaklanman\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nde gelen<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>liderleri, Lenin (Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov), \u0130srael Lazarevich Gelfand (Parvus Efendi) ve Lev Davidovich<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Bronstein<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(Tro\u00e7ki-Trotsky)<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonradan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fcne<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kavu\u015facak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kriptolard\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7arl\u0131k<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rusyas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanmay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>defa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>daha<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hayatta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kalmay\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dclke<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kontrol<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>alt\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>al\u0131n\u0131nca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanmaya kat\u0131lanlar bedelini canlar\u0131 ile \u00f6demi\u015f, ayaklanman\u0131n eleba\u015flar\u0131 kriptolar ise her zaman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011fu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fclkeden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ka\u00e7may\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.35pt;\"> <\/span>Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>kriptolar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>kimliklerinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>biraz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>bahsedelim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Lev<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Davidovich<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Bronstein<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>(Leon<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Trotsky-Tro\u00e7ki) ve Sinsi Tahribatlar\u0131&hellip;<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Tro\u00e7ki,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1879<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudilerin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>serbest\u00e7e<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>hareket<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>edebildi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pale<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00f6lgesinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bug\u00fcnk\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ukrayna<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>topraklar\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Ailesi toprak sahibi zenginler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. Aile i\u00e7inde Yidi\u015f dilini konu\u015fuyordu. Tro\u00e7ki, Yahudi bir \u00e7evrede b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Geleneksel Yahudi okulunu bitirdikten sonra Siyonist Ahad Ha-Am<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve Mendele gibi Yahudi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve yazarlar\u0131n yan\u0131na Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ticarete a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131s\u0131 Odesa&rsquo;ya g\u00f6nderildi.[22]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130srael<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Lazarevich<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Gelfand<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>(Alexander<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Lvovich<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Parvus-Parvus<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Efendi) ve Sahte M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130srael<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Lazarevich<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Gelfand<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrkiye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nemli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>isimdir.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130srael,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>8<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Eyl\u00fcl<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1867&#8217;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Beyaz Rusya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan Berazino&rsquo;da Litvanyal\u0131 bir Yahudi ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00e7ocukken, bir yang\u0131nda evlerinin zarar g\u00f6rmesi \u00fczerine<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ailesi ile birlikte Odesa&rsquo;ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. \u0130srael, Odesa&rsquo;da b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.[23] Geri kalm\u0131\u015f Rusya&rsquo;da politik gelece\u011fini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre sonra Almanya&rsquo;ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Orada Sosyal Demokrat Parti&rsquo;ye kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve Alman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devrimci<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Rosa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Luxemburg<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>arkada\u015f<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>1900<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>M\u00fcnih&rsquo;te<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Lenin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[24] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span>1905<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> h<\/span>alk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ayaklanmas\u0131nda \u0130srael, Rusya&rsquo;dayd\u0131. Ayaklanma sonras\u0131nda tutuklan\u0131p Sibirya&rsquo;ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. Oradan ka\u00e7\u0131p tekrar Avrupa&rsquo;ya d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Bir s\u00fcre sonra Vatans\u0131z Para taraf\u0131ndan, 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&rsquo;n\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rsquo;ne \u0130stanbul&rsquo;a<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6nderildi.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130srael,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130stanbul&rsquo;a<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geli\u015finden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131l<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00f6nce<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Almanya&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7\u0131kan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Kolonyalizm<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Politikas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>adl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kitab\u0131nda, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa&rsquo;n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck devletleri aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sava\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rlamakta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oldu\u011funu,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fta<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>gibi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>d\u0131\u015ftan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>fakat<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131s\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>asl\u0131nda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>imparatorluklar\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u0131k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015f\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Rusya&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>devrimin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>yaz\u0131yordu.[25] \u0130srael, \u0130stanbul&rsquo;a gelince <\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">\u0130skender<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">ismini ald\u0131. \u0130slamiyet&rsquo;i se\u00e7ti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayarak \u00c7aml\u0131ca Bekta\u015fi tekkesine<span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span>kat\u0131ld\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.55pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130srael,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.35pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130stanbul&rsquo;daki<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.3pt;\"> <\/span>yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.45pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrkiye<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.45pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.65pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.3pt;\"> <\/span>sosyalist<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5pt;\"> <\/span>devrimi a\u011fz\u0131na bile almad\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.9pt;\"> <\/span>Ona<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.4pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yap\u0131lacak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tek<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fey:<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><em>Avrupa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011finin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>boyunduru\u011fundan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00e7\u0131kmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kapit\u00fclasyonlardan kurtulmak, demokratik bir ulusal devlet kurmak, bunun i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi zaman ister istemez bu sava\u015fa kat\u0131lmakt\u0131.<\/em> Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek maksad\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Almanya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>saf\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kat\u0131lmak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>zorunluluk say\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.[26] (Yani; Enver, Talat ve Cemal D\u00f6nme(z)lerine bu fikirleri a\u015f\u0131layanlardan birisi de, g\u00fcya \u0130slam&rsquo;a ge\u00e7ip \u0130skender ismini alan Yahudi Parvus Efendi olmaktayd\u0131&hellip;)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi ve sava\u015f esnas\u0131nda be\u015f y\u0131l \u0130stanbul&rsquo;da kalan \u0130srael, T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan Parvus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Efendi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><em>Parvus<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Efendi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130stanbul&rsquo;da<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yusuf<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ak\u00e7ura<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yurdu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>isimli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 2.7pt;\"> <\/span>dergi \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. <span style=\"letter-spacing: -2.6pt;\"> <\/span><\/em>Halide Edip (Ad\u0131var) 1913&rsquo;te yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 &ldquo;Yeni Turan&rdquo; adl\u0131 roman\u0131nda Parvus&rsquo;un s\u00f6ylediklerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>tekrarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir ba\u015fka T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcz Moiz Kohen, (Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrk ismi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r-Munis<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Tekinalp) ise &ldquo;T\u00fcrkler Bu Muharebede Ne Kazanabilirler?&rdquo; ad\u0131yla 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul&rsquo;da yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kitab\u0131nda,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Turan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>yollar\u0131na<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>gidilmesi, Almanya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ile<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>olup<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>girilmesi tavsiyesini savunmaktayd\u0131!?[27]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Yahudi Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rsquo;ni<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>yeniden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>kurma<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>h\u00fclyas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Parvus Efendi, ekonomi bilgisiyle k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede J\u00f6n T\u00fcrklerin mali dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 Pa\u015fa olarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>adland\u0131r\u0131lan Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;y\u0131 y\u00f6neten Enver, Talat ve Cemal pa\u015falar ile \u00e7ok yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015f\u0131yd\u0131&#8230;[28] <span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span>Osmanl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>devletinden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.2pt;\"> <\/span>habersiz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>kurulmu\u015f,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.3pt;\"> <\/span>sadece<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Enver<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.15pt;\"> <\/span>bildi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5pt;\"> <\/span>Te\u015fkilat-\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Mahsusa&rsquo;n\u0131n finans\u00f6rleri aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. O d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;y\u0131 sava\u015fa haz\u0131rlayan iki \u00f6nemli kripto daha vard\u0131; Baron Max<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>von Oppenheim ve Rudolf von Sebottendorf. Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;y\u0131 ahtapot gibi saran bu yap\u0131 bizim kriptolar\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fa girmeye ikna etmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. <strong>Bizim ekibin \u00f6n\u00fcne koyulan havu\u00e7, <em>&ldquo;T\u00fcrklerin H\u00e2kim Oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rsquo;ni<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yeniden<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kurmakt\u0131&rdquo;<\/em>.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Ruslar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fta<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>yenilince<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Adriyatik&rsquo;ten<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7in<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>seddine&rdquo;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kadar<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>uzanan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir T\u00fcrk devleti kurulacakt\u0131. Tabi ayn\u0131 Hazar Devleti&rsquo;nde oldu\u011fu gibi kurulacak bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>devlette<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netenler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00f6netilenler<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>k\u00f6kenli<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olacakt\u0131.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Enver<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>plan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>u\u011fruna<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>s\u00fcr\u00fcklemekten sak\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Enver<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa,<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Donanma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Komutan\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> (Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131) <\/span>Amiral<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Souchon<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa&rsquo;ya;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><strong><em>&ldquo;Donanmay-\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>H\u00fcmayun,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Karadeniz&rsquo;de<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>h\u00e2kimiyet-i bahriyeyi kazanacakt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in Rus donanmas\u0131n\u0131 nerede bulursan\u0131z ilan-\u0131 harp etmeden ona h\u00fccum ediniz&rdquo;[29] <\/em><\/strong>emrini vererek Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;n\u0131n sava\u015fa girmesine sebep olmu\u015ftu. Enver Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>emri verdi\u011finden sadece Talat ve Cemal pa\u015falar\u0131n haberi vard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131 Amiral Souchon<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>komutas\u0131nda 29 Ekim 1914 g\u00fcn\u00fc Odessa, Sivastopol, Yalta ve Novorossiysk Limanlar\u0131n\u0131 bombalayarak<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;y\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>sava\u015fa<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>soktu. \u0130\u015fin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>ilgin\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>yan\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Amiral<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Souchon<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Alman<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>subay\u0131yd\u0131.[30]<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Enver Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n Kafkas<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>cephesini a\u00e7arak 90 bin askerimizin \u015fehit olmas\u0131na sebep olmas\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>da (bir Yahudi ideali ve projesi olan) <\/span><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\">&ldquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">B\u00fcy\u00fck<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti&rdquo;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> h\u00fclyas\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Enver Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n \u00fclkeden ka\u00e7madan evvel Cemal Pa\u015fa&rsquo;ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraf, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck bir<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>oyuna<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>geldiklerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>g\u00f6stermektedir.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Cevat<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>R\u0131fat<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Atilhan&rsquo;\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sebil\u00fcrre\u015fad<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>dergisinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kaleme<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ald\u0131\u011f\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sat\u0131rlarda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Enver<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Cemal<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Pa\u015fa&rsquo;ya,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span><em>&ldquo;Pa\u015fam,<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>harbin<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>b\u00fct\u00fcn<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mes&rsquo;uliyetlerini<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>seve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>seve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>y\u00fcklenebilirim ve her zaman hesab\u0131n\u0131 vermeye haz\u0131r\u0131m. Evet mefk\u00fbremiz \u015fu idi &ldquo;ya Turan, ya viran!&rdquo;&hellip;<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>mukadderat b\u00f6yleymi\u015f, yaz\u0131k pa\u015fam yaz\u0131k, Siyonistlere alet olduk ve onlar\u0131n ihanetine u\u011frad\u0131k&rdquo;[31] <\/em><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"><\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">dedi\u011fi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>yazmaktad\u0131r.<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Buradaki<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">&ldquo;Turan&rdquo; <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">asl\u0131nda<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Hazar<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">h\u00fclyas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">Bu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>kand\u0131r\u0131lma<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sonucu<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>maalesef<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00fc\u00e7<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>milyondan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>fazla<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>asker<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>sivil<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrk<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u015fehit<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>olmu\u015f, koca<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>imparatorluk y\u0131k\u0131larak devlet k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu arada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bilgi verelim: Enver Pa\u015fa&rsquo;n\u0131n babas\u0131 aslen Gagavuz<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcrklerinden olup Ukrayna&rsquo;n\u0131n Kili kasabas\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[32] Annesi ise K\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcrk\u00fc olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r.[33] Bu oyunda<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>herkesin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Ukrayna<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 (yani K\u0131r\u0131m ve Karaim Yahudileri irtibatl\u0131) olmas\u0131 da<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ilgin\u00e7 bir detayd\u0131r!..<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25.5pt; line-height: 16pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 0.56cm; text-indent: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Not:<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Parantez i\u00e7i notlar de\u011ferli yazara de\u011fil, Milli \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Ekibine aittir. Bizlerin tepkisi Yahudilik ve Hristiyanl\u0131k gibi Din mensuplar\u0131na ve farkl\u0131 \u0131rklara de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda \u0131srarla belirtti\u011fimiz gibi gayri insani ama\u00e7lar ta\u015f\u0131yan Siyonist ve Emperyalist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sahiplerinedir. Bu tavr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en net \u00f6rne\u011fi de \u00dcstad Ahmet Akg\u00fcl taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan &ldquo;Y\u00fcce Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n Manas\u0131 ve Mesaj\u0131&rdquo; mealimizde, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mealikerim.com\/5\/maide\/51\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maide Suresi 51&rsquo;inci ayetinde<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mealikerim.com\/1\/fatiha\/7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fatiha Suresi son ayetine<\/a> yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yorumlarda belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Bu makaleyi sesli olarak dinleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<p>{mp3}mulksuzlestirme-1{\/mp3}<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<hr style=\"text-align: left;\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref1\" id=\"ftn1\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[1]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> (E. Hv. Plt. Kur. Alb.) Osman Ba\u015f\u0131b\u00fcy\u00fck, Sun Savunma Net, 28 Nisan 2022<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\">[Bu \u00f6nemli ve stratejik yaz\u0131; hem tebrik ve takdir, hem de olumlu bir tenkit ve telafi-tavzih (izah etme) ama\u00e7l\u0131 buraya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.]<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref2\" id=\"ftn2\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[2]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Koestler Arthur, On \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Kabile, \u0130stanbul, Say Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, S-11, 12, 51, 55, 72, 74, 76, 179, 185, 187, 199<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref3\" id=\"ftn3\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[3]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> H. H. Howorth, On the Westerly Drifting of Nomades, from the Fifth to the Nineteenth Century. Part IV. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref4\" id=\"ftn4\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[4]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Irena Grosfeld&dagger;, Seyhun Orcan Sakalli, and Ekaterina Zhuravskay, Middleman Minorities and Ethnic Violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref5\" id=\"ftn5\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[5]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Age<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref6\" id=\"ftn6\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[6]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Yang\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130lhami,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;\u0130htilal<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcccarlar\u0131&rdquo;,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>Neden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Kitap,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>A\u011fustos<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>2008,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>S-635<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref7\" id=\"ftn7\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[7]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.grin.com\/document\/293849\">https:\/\/www.grin.com\/document\/293849<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref8\" id=\"ftn8\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[8]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> The life and Opinions of Moses Hess, <a href=\"https:\/\/marxists.architexturez.net\/subject\/jewish\/moses-hess.pdf\">https:\/\/marxists.architexturez.net\/subject\/jewish\/moses-hess.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref9\" id=\"ftn9\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[9]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Alatl\u0131 Alev, &ldquo;Ayd\u0131nlanma De\u011fil Merhamet&rdquo;, Everest Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 2005,<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref10\" id=\"ftn10\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[10]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Benjamin-Disraeli\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Benjamin-Disraeli<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref11\" id=\"ftn11\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[11]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Dr Andrzej Diniejko, &ldquo;Benjamin Disraeli&rsquo;s Pro-Semitism in Conigsby and Endymion&rdquo;, University of Warsaw.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref12\" id=\"ftn12\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[12]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Elmas Merve, I. Cihan Harbi&rsquo;nde Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00dczerinde Yahudi Etkisi, Necmettin Erbakan \u00dcniversitesi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref13\" id=\"ftn13\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[13]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Age, S-53<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref14\" id=\"ftn14\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[14]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/moses-hess\">https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/moses-hess<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref15\" id=\"ftn15\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[15]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Nommaz<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Aaron,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;End\u00fcl\u00fcs&rsquo;ten<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131&rsquo;ya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Paraya<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Y\u00f6n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Veren<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Bankerler&rdquo;,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Destek<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Yay\u0131nlar\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>Aral\u0131k<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>2019, S-325<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref16\" id=\"ftn16\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[16]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Rob<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sewell,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;The 1848<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Revolutions:<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>the<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>hoped-for<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>prelude<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>to<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>the<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.4pt;\"> <\/span>proletarian<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>revolution&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref17\" id=\"ftn17\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[17]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Christopher Balme \/Burcu Dogramaci\/Christoph Hilgert\/ Riccardo Nicolosi\/Andreas Renner (eds.) Culture and Legacy <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref18\" id=\"ftn18\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[18]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\">https:\/\/<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/czar-alexander-ii-assassinated\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; letter-spacing: -0.05pt; text-decoration: none;\">www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/czar-alexander-ii-assassinated<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref19\" id=\"ftn19\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[19]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Yang\u0131n<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130lhami, &ldquo;\u0130htilal<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>T\u00fcccarlar\u0131&rdquo;,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>Neden<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Kitapevi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>A\u011futos<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>2008,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>S-635<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref20\" id=\"ftn20\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[20]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Age, S-436<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref21\" id=\"ftn21\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[21]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\">https:\/\/<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/jewish-world\/jewish-news\/lenins-jewish-roots-put-on-display-in-russian-museum\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; letter-spacing: -0.05pt; text-decoration: none;\">www.jpost.com\/jewish-world\/jewish-news\/lenins-jewish-roots-put-on-display-in-russian-museum<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref22\" id=\"ftn22\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[22]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> https:\/\/<a href=\"http:\/\/www.myjewishlearning.com\/article\/leon-trotsky\/\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;\">www.myjewishlearning.com\/article\/leon-trotsky\/<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref23\" id=\"ftn23\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[23]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Parvus\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Parvus<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref24\" id=\"ftn24\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[24]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/military-history.fandom.com\/wiki\/Alexander_Parvus\">https:\/\/military-history.fandom.com\/wiki\/Alexander_Parvus<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref25\" id=\"ftn25\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[25]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Balc\u0131o\u011flu<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>Mustafa&#038;Balc\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Sezai,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;Rothschildler<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>ve<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&rdquo;,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Erguvani<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>Yay\u0131nevi 4.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Bask\u0131,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Ankara<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>2020,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>S-325<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref26\" id=\"ftn26\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[26]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Age, S-326<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref27\" id=\"ftn27\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[27]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Age<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>S-330<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref28\" id=\"ftn28\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[28]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <span class=\"Kpr1\"><span style=\"color: windowtext;\">https:\/\/military-history.fandom.com\/wiki\/Alexander_Parvus<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref29\" id=\"ftn29\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[29]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Balc\u0131o\u011flu Mustafa, Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa&rsquo;dan Cumhuriyete, \u0130stanbul, 1. Bas\u0131m May\u0131s 2001, Nobel Yay\u0131n, S-51<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref30\" id=\"ftn30\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[30]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Elmas<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Merve,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.25pt;\"> <\/span>I.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Cihan<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Harbi&rsquo;nde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Osmanl\u0131<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Devleti<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dczerinde<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>Yahudi<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>Etkisi,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>Necmettin<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>Erbakan<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u00dcniversitesi Konya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref31\" id=\"ftn31\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[31]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Uzel \u00d6m\u00fcr, &ldquo;Tarihe Ge\u00e7en \u0130tiraflar&rdquo;, Kara Karga Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ocak 2015, S-78<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref32\" id=\"ftn32\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[32]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> Do\u00e7.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>Dr.<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>Yavuz<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>HAYKIR-Vahide<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.05pt;\"> <\/span>\u00c7etin,<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.05pt;\"> <\/span>&ldquo;THE<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.3pt;\"> <\/span>NEW<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>YORK<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.35pt;\"> <\/span>T\u0130MES&rsquo;TA<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130SYANDAN<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.15pt;\"> <\/span>\u0130KT\u0130DARA<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.2pt;\"> <\/span>ENVER<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.1pt;\"> <\/span>PA\u015eA&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 30px; text-indent: -7.1pt;\"><a href=\"#ftnref33\" id=\"ftn33\" style=\"vertical-align: super;\">[33]<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enver_Pa%C5%9Fa\">https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enver_Pa%C5%9Fa<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 OSMAN BA\u015eIB\u00dcY\u00dcK E. Hv. Plt. Kur. Alb.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vatans\u0131z Para&rsquo;n\u0131n \u00dc\u00e7 (Kom\u00fcnist) Ajan\u0131: (Yahudi As\u0131ll\u0131) Marx, Engels, Lenin!.. GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE M\u00dcLKS\u00dcZLE\u015eT\u0130RME-K\u00d6LELE\u015eT\u0130RME OYUNLARI (1) [1] \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli ve gerekli bilgiler ve de\u011ferlendirmeler i\u00e7eren yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bize ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan De\u011ferli E. Hv. Plt. Kurmay Alb. Osman Ba\u015f\u0131b\u00fcy\u00fck Beyefendi&rsquo;ye, \u00fclkemiz ve gelece\u011fimizle ilgili daha yararl\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ozel-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/157"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11242"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11242\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}