{"id":11427,"date":"2022-12-19T10:52:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-19T07:52:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/akp-iktidarinin-savurganligi-ve-melen-baraji-tutarsizligi\/"},"modified":"2023-10-18T02:36:04","modified_gmt":"2023-10-17T23:36:04","slug":"akp-iktidarinin-savurganligi-ve-melen-baraji-tutarsizligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/akp-iktidarinin-savurganligi-ve-melen-baraji-tutarsizligi\/","title":{"rendered":"AKP \u0130KT\u0130DARININ SAVURGANLI\u011eI VE MELEN BARAJI TUTARSIZLI\u011eI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

AKP \u0130KT\u0130DARININ SAVURGANLI\u011eI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

VE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

MELEN BARAJI TUTARSIZLI\u011eI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Erdo\u011fan iktidar\u0131n\u0131n yanda\u015f kay\u0131rmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve savurganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu; yanl\u0131\u015f projelerle milyarlarca lira \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7atlaklar olu\u015fan Melen Baraj\u0131’na 8 milyar TL, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyen Ankapark i\u00e7in 801 milyon dolar, kullan\u0131lamayan ve u\u00e7ak inmeyen havalimanlar\u0131na da y\u00fcz milyonlarca lira bo\u015fa harcanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Garip gureban\u0131n hakk\u0131ndan ve kamu kasas\u0131ndan yanda\u015f \u015firketlere milyarlarca lira aktar\u0131lan projeler, ya hatal\u0131 in\u015fa edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in tamamlanamam\u0131\u015f, ya da hukuki s\u00fcre\u00e7ler tamamlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in at\u0131l kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Olan ise kamunun \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lan milyarlarca liras\u0131na olmaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130ktidar\u0131n tamamlayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 projelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda <\/span>Melen \u00c7ay\u0131 Projesi<\/span><\/em><\/strong> vard\u0131<\/span>. Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri (DS\u0130) Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Melen Baraj\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk ihaleyi 29 May\u0131s 2012’de<\/strong> a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ihalenin <\/span>213 milyon 850 bin<\/span><\/strong> TL’ye <\/span>Ece Tur ile Y\u00f6nta\u015f \u0130n\u015faat i\u015f ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>verildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Melen Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n temeli de 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00fczce ve Sakarya illerini birbirinden ay\u0131ran B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’n\u0131n Karadeniz’e d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc noktada in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flanan baraj\u0131n 214 milyon liraya m\u00e2l olaca\u011f\u0131 vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Temel atma t\u00f6reninde konu\u015fan d\u00f6nemin Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 <\/span>AKP’li Veysel Ero\u011flu<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>da “Melen Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n \u0130stanbul’un su sorununu 2071 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00e7\u00f6zece\u011fini”<\/em><\/strong> hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ero\u011flu, “baraj in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131n 7 Aral\u0131k 2016 tarihinde saat 13.59’da bitirilece\u011fini”<\/em><\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f ve “\u0130stanbullular susuzluk konusunda endi\u015fe etmesin”<\/em><\/strong> diye hava atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f6rende konu\u015fan d\u00f6nemin \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi <\/span>(\u0130BB) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kadir Topba\u015f<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>ise “Bug\u00fcn sizlerle bir tarihe tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz. Gelecek ku\u015faklar ad\u0131na bir tarih d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyoruz”<\/em><\/strong> \u015feklinde konu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

8 milyar TL \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eirket, Ero\u011flu’nun a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte baraj in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayamam\u0131\u015f ve DS\u0130 29 Aral\u0131k 2016’da baraj in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamak i\u00e7in yeni bir ihaleye daha \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hayret, bu ihale de yine ilk ihaleyi alan <\/span>Ece Tur ile Y\u00f6nta\u015f \u0130n\u015faat<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>i\u015f ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>271 milyon 548 bin TL<\/span><\/strong>’ye<\/span> b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu iki ihaleyle birlikte DS\u0130, Ece Tur ile Y\u00f6nta\u015f \u0130n\u015faat i\u015f ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla toplam <\/span>485 milyon 398 bin TL<\/span><\/strong>’<\/span>lik s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ancak baraj projesi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tamamlanamam\u0131\u015f, in\u015faat s\u0131ras\u0131nda baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vdesinde yar\u0131klar ve a\u00e7\u0131lmalar olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Baraj bitirilemeyince Melen’in suyu \u0130stanbul’a borularla aktar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130BB Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ekrem \u0130mamo\u011flu g\u00f6reve gelir gelmez 19 Ekim 2019’da baraj in\u015faat\u0131nda incelemeler yapm\u0131\u015f ve baraj g\u00f6vdesindeki derin \u00e7atlaklar nedeniyle in\u015faat\u0131n durdu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. DS\u0130 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Melen Baraj\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme in\u015faat\u0131 i\u00e7in 28 \u015eubat 2020 tarihinde bir ihale daha haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ihaleyi de <\/span>412 milyon 151 bin TL teklif veren Everest Madencilik \u0130n\u015faat Nakliye Sanayi ve Ticaret A.\u015e.<\/span><\/em><\/strong> kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eirket ile DS\u0130 aras\u0131nda imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re, g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmenin 26 \u015eubat 2023’te bitirilmesi planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak \u015firket yetkilileri ve DS\u0130 yetkilileri anla\u015famam\u0131\u015f ve \u015firket projeyi tasfiye karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. DS\u0130 tasfiye talebini kabul etmi\u015f ve 8 Temmuz 2022’de Melen Baraj\u0131’nda yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ask\u0131ya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Melen Baraj\u0131 i\u00e7in biri ikmal, biri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme olmak \u00fczere 3 in\u015faat ihalesi, birka\u00e7 dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k ihalesi, \u0130SK\u0130’den DS\u0130’ye aktar\u0131lan kaynaklar ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelleri dahil olmak \u00fczere kamunun kasas\u0131ndan en az <\/span><\/strong>8 milyar TL harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Baraj g\u00f6vdesi \u00e7atlad\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc, m\u00fcteahhidi ka\u00e7t\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’un s\u00fcrekli y\u00fckselen n\u00fcfusuna paralel artan su sorununa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bir sigorta oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ancak verilen vaatlere ra\u011fmen y\u0131llard\u0131r bitmeyen a\u015famalar\u0131yla Melen Baraj\u0131 bu iktidar\u0131n ayar\u0131n\u0131 ve savurganl\u0131k talan\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmaktayd\u0131. \u0130stanbul’un n\u00fcfusu 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) verilerine g\u00f6re 15 milyon 840 bini a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye toplam n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 18,71’inin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stanbul’un su sorunu, kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcnden beri \u00f6nemli bir sorun olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’un su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lama at\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u0131zl\u0131 ve plans\u0131z bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u0130stanbul,<\/strong> ilk kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 yer alt\u0131 kaynak sular\u0131ndan sa\u011flamaktayd\u0131. Roma<\/strong> d\u00f6neminde kentin su ihtiyac\u0131 art\u0131nca \u00e7evreden merkeze do\u011fru su ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kemerler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde sur d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kaynaklardan suyu ta\u015f\u0131yabilmek i\u00e7in <\/span>Bozdo\u011fan ve Mazul Kemeri<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda sarn\u0131\u00e7lar in\u015fa edilerek su depolanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eehir Osmanl\u0131’ya<\/strong> ge\u00e7ince de su sorunu yeni s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<\/strong>’nun ba\u015fkenti olan \u0130stanbul’da in\u015fa edilen b\u00fcy\u00fck kamu binalar\u0131, saraylar, n\u00fcfusun artmas\u0131 ve hamamlar su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00f6reve gelen bir\u00e7ok padi\u015fah su yollar\u0131na yeni kollar katm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Mimar Sinan K\u0131rk\u00e7e\u015fme<\/strong> su tesisini in\u015fa ederek, Sar\u0131yer<\/strong>’deki Belgrad Ormanlar\u0131<\/strong>’ndan suyu \u015fehir merkezine ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bo\u011faz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen yeni k\u00f6\u015fkler ve yerle\u015fim yerleriyle Kas\u0131mpa\u015fa, Galata, Beyo\u011flu, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131, Be\u015fikta\u015f<\/strong> ve Ortak\u00f6y<\/strong>’\u00fcn kalabal\u0131kla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda \u0130stanbul’un Pera<\/strong> \u015fimdiki ad\u0131yla Beyo\u011flu’<\/strong>nda su sorunu ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1732’de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Taksim<\/strong> Suyu Tesisleri<\/strong> ile su sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fehirle\u015fmesi nedeniyle su sorunu devam eden \u0130stanbul’da, Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid<\/strong>, Terno Bey<\/strong>’e imtiyaz ferm\u00e2n\u0131 vererek bir \u015firket kurmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f, Terno Bey, Dersa\u00e2det Su \u015eirketi’ni (Compagnie Des Eaux de Constantinople<\/strong>) kurmu\u015flard\u0131. Dersa\u00e2det Su \u015eirketi<\/strong>, 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Terkos Pompa \u0130stasyonu<\/strong> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, <\/span>600 mm \u00e7ap\u0131nda d\u00f6k\u00fcm boru iletim hatt\u0131, 37 km kagir galeri hatt\u0131 ile \u015fehre ilk bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 su vermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/em><\/strong> <\/span>Su \u015firketlerinin yetersiz kalmas\u0131yla su sorununun \u015firketler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine Terkos \u015eirketi<\/strong> 1932 y\u0131l\u0131nda sat\u0131n al\u0131narak, (\u0130S\u0130’ye) \u0130stanbul Sular \u0130daresi<\/strong>’ne kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130stanbul’un su sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in II. Abd\u00fclhamid’in emriyle Hamidiye Su Membas\u0131<\/strong> kurulmu\u015ftu. Hamidiye Su<\/strong>, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kaynak sular\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehir merkezi ve kamu binalar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 86 b\u00f6lgede bulunan \u00e7e\u015fmelere ek olarak Y\u0131ld\u0131z Saray\u0131<\/strong>’nda 30, Be\u015fikta\u015f Saray\u0131<\/strong>’nda 10 olmak \u00fczere toplam 126 \u00e7e\u015fmeden su verilmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca isale hatt\u0131 \u00fczerindeki yedi \u00e7e\u015fmeyle birlikte toplam 133 \u00e7e\u015fmeden su da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’un s\u00fcrekli ve kesintisiz artan n\u00fcfusu nedeniyle, temiz su ihtiyac\u0131 en \u00f6nemli s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131yd\u0131. 1950’li y\u0131llarla beraber artan kentli n\u00fcfusun, daha fazla suya ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. 1990’a gelindi\u011finde ise su \u0130stanbul’un temel sorunu halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Alibey Baraj\u0131, Istranca dereleri reg\u00fclat\u00f6r projesi gibi projeler yap\u0131lsa da \u0130stanbul’un su sorunu bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

‘B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Projesi’ Nas\u0131l Ba\u015flad\u0131?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’daki su sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Projesi’yle Melen \u00c7ay\u0131<\/strong> suyunun \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Projenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 15 A\u011fustos 1990’da Bakanlar Kurulu<\/strong> karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. \u0130stanbul’un 170 km do\u011fusunda Karadeniz’e<\/strong> d\u00f6k\u00fclen B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k su potansiyeli 51 m3<\/sup>\/sn olup B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi ile \u0130stanbul’a y\u0131lda ortalama 38 m3<\/sup>\/sn suyun verilmesi planland\u0131. Bu miktar ile 2040’ta n\u00fcfusu 17 milyon olmas\u0131 beklenen \u0130stanbul’un i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu ihtiyac\u0131, di\u011fer kaynaklarla beraber B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanacakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

1991’de Melen Sistemi’nin fizibilitesi DS\u0130-Nippon Koei Co. ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Projeye JBIC (Japan Bank for International Cooperation-Japonya Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Bankas\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan bir milyar dolar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 94,8 milyar Japon yeni kredi a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Baraj\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 en uygun yer olarak, Melen \u00c7ay\u0131<\/strong>’n\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Karadeniz’in<\/strong> yakla\u015f\u0131k yedi km g\u00fcneyinde \u00c7ay\u00fcst\u00fc Tepesi<\/strong> ile Dikenli Tepe<\/strong> aras\u0131ndaki alan olmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Baraj\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri ve kapasitesiyle ilgili teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar saptand\u0131. Baraj g\u00f6vdesi \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc beton kaplamal\u0131 kaya dolgu tipi, g\u00f6vde uzunlu\u011fu 709 metre, g\u00f6vde geni\u015fli\u011fi 12 metre, minimum su d\u00fczeyi 37 metre, minimum i\u015fletme su d\u00fczeyi 55 metre, aktif g\u00f6l hacmi 577 milyon ton olacakt\u0131. Kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc 50 y\u0131l olarak hesaplanan Melen Baraj\u0131’ndan \u0130stanbul’a y\u0131lda 1,1 milyar ton su verilmesi planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Melen Baraj\u0131 projesi planlanan d\u00f6rt a\u015famadan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

• I. A\u015fama: B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir reg\u00fclat\u00f6r in\u015fa ederek 8,5 m3<\/sup>\/sn (y\u0131lda 268 milyon m3<\/sup>) debiyi \u00e7evirmek, pompa ve 185 km boru ve t\u00fcnel sistemi ile 720.000 m3<\/sup>\/g\u00fcn kapasiteli Ar\u0131tma Tesisi ile ar\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f suyun Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Su T\u00fcneli ile Avrupa yakas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

• II. A\u015fama: B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Baraj\u0131 ve ikinci boru hatt\u0131 ile y\u0131lda 307 milyon m3<\/sup> su iletme; pompa kapasitesi art\u0131r\u0131lacak ve yeni bir ar\u0131tma tesisi yap\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

• III. A\u015fama: \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc boru hatt\u0131 ile y\u0131lda 307 hm3<\/sup> su iletme; pompa kapasitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yeni bir ar\u0131tma tesisi yap\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

• IV. A\u015fama: \u0130lave 308 hm3<\/sup> su iletme i\u00e7in pompa istasyonlar\u0131na, ar\u0131tma tesisine (800.000 m3<\/sup>\/g\u00fcn ilave kapasiteli) ve enerji temin sistemine yap\u0131lacak ilavelerin tamamlanmas\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, bu projeyle 1.180 milyon metrek\u00fcp su, \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131nacak ve 2040’a kadar \u0130stanbul’un su ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanacakt\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Planlanan a\u015famalardan sadece birincisi ba\u015far\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/strong> 2007’de \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131k<\/strong> sebebiyle in\u015faat\u0131 bitirilen Melen reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc ile \u00e7ekilen su, d\u00f6\u015fenen boru hatt\u0131 ile 20 Ekim 2007 tarihi itibariyle \u0130stanbul’a verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Baraj tamamlanmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan \u0130stanbul’a su aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan borularla getirilen su \u0130stanbul’da mevcut tesislerde ar\u0131t\u0131lmakta ve kullan\u0131ma sunulmaktayd\u0131. Proje kapsam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Avrupa yakas\u0131na su verebilmek i\u00e7in Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Su T\u00fcneli<\/strong> yap\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcnel, toplam 5 bin 551 metre uzunlu\u011funda olup, su y\u00fczeyinin 135 m derinli\u011finde yer almaktayd\u0131. \u00c7ap\u0131 d\u00f6rt metre olan t\u00fcnelin \u00fc\u00e7 milyon m3<\/sup>\/g\u00fcn kapasitesi bulunmaktayd\u0131. Yani projenin \u015fu ana kadar sadece birinci aya\u011f\u0131 tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

17 Aral\u0131k 2012’de Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (DS\u0130) ile Tur \u015eirketler Grubu ve Y\u00f6nta\u015f \u0130n\u015faat \u0130\u015f Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Melen Baraj\u0131 in\u015faat i\u015fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzaland\u0131. \u0130haleyi alan \u015firket zeminin baraj g\u00f6vde beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacak \u00f6zellikleri olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sahada 14 adet 735 metre ara\u015ft\u0131rma sondaj\u0131 talebini aktard\u0131. Ancak DS\u0130 14. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1 Mart 2013 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda talep edilen sondajlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun bulmad\u0131. Oysa 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda DS\u0130’ye sunulan \u00c7ED raporunda ve 2012’de \u0130T\u00dc’de yap\u0131lan y\u00fcksek lisans tezinde yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda baraj\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yerde zemin sorunlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.!?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hepsi bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Melen Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n temeli 6 Mart 2014’te at\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00f6rende konu\u015fan d\u00f6nemin Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Veysel Ero\u011flu<\/strong>, baraj\u0131n 7 Aral\u0131k 2016 saat 13.59’da bitirilmesini istedi. Ancak baraj Aral\u0131k 2016’ya gelindi\u011finde bitirilmedi. D\u00f6nemin Bakan\u0131 Ero\u011flu yeni tarih olarak 12 May\u0131s 2017’yi vermi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aral\u0131k 2016’da baraj g\u00f6vdesinin 666’nc\u0131 metresinde ilk \u00e7atla\u011fa rastland\u0131. <\/strong>DS\u0130, A\u011fustos 2017’de konuyla ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak \u00fczere biri yerli di\u011feri yabanc\u0131 iki \u015firketten talepte bulundu. 26 A\u011fustos 2017’de baraj\u0131n beton g\u00f6vdesi tamamland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

12 May\u0131s 2017’de Melen Baraj\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 tamamlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00f6nemin Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri (DS\u0130) 14. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Sedat \u00d6zp\u0131nar<\/strong>, baraj\u0131n 11 A\u011fustos 2018 tarihinde resmen bitirilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama baraj bu tarihte de h\u00e2l\u00e2 yar\u0131md\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Baraj \u00e7atlaklar nedeniyle su tutamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme ihalesi yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

DS\u0130 14. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Melen Baraj\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme in\u015faat\u0131 i\u00e7in 28 \u015eubat 2020 tarihinde ihale d\u00fczenledi. 412 milyon 151 bin 148 TL’lik teklifin sahibi Everest Madencilik \u0130n\u015faat Nakliye Sanayi ve Ticaret A.\u015e<\/strong> ihaleyi kazand\u0131. \u015eirket, beklenmeyen fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 nedeniyle projeyi tasfiye karar\u0131 ald\u0131. DS\u0130 tasfiye talebini kabul etti ve 8 Temmuz 2022’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar hepten ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye (\u0130BB) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ekrem \u0130mamo\u011flu 1 A\u011fustos 2022’de Melen Baraj\u0131’yla ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada \u015funlar\u0131 aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0130stanbul’un neredeyse bir y\u0131ll\u0131k suyunu garanti alt\u0131na alacak bir barajdan bahsediyoruz. O d\u00f6nemin Bakan\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi g\u00fcnden ve saatten bu yana, tam alt\u0131 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Ve \u015fu anda ak\u0131beti belli olmayan, gelece\u011fi belli olmayan, \u00e7atlam\u0131\u015f bir barajla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. G\u00f6reve gelir gelmez, biz bunu g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fimizde anlad\u0131k ki, devletimizin bundan haberi yok. Devletimizi y\u00f6netenin de bundan haberi yok. Biz bunu g\u00fcndeme getirince tekrar ihale s\u00fcrecini devreye ald\u0131lar ve ihale yapt\u0131lar 2020’nin \u015eubat’\u0131nda. ‘2023’te biz buray\u0131 a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131z’ diye de o zaman deklare ettiler. \u015eu an gelinen noktay\u0131 s\u00f6yleyeyim size. O g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne, \u015fantiyede y\u00fczde sekiz oran\u0131nda ilerleme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Yeni \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131klar\u0131 genelgeden de m\u00fcteahhit faydalanarak, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi fesheden bir m\u00fcteahhit. Yani \u015fu anda Melen’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcteahhit yok. Yani ‘\u0130stanbul’un suyunu garanti alt\u0131na alaca\u011f\u0131z’ deyip, 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye y\u00f6netimi ve 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u0130BB y\u00f6netimi, her iki alanda da kendi iradelerinde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ‘Bizim g\u00f6z bebe\u011fimiz, bizim a\u015fk\u0131m\u0131z’ dedikleri \u0130stanbul’un en hayati sorununu dahi \u00e7\u00f6zmekte ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan bir iktidar s\u00fcreci.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Konuyla ilgili konu\u015fan \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi<\/strong> Meclis \u00dcyesi G\u00f6khan G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fda\u011f:<\/strong> “Melen \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli bir su. Melen suyu kullan\u0131lmadan de\u015farj alan bir suyumuz. Bolu Da\u011flar\u0131’nda do\u011fan bu su, kar sular\u0131ndan besleniyor. Kendi do\u011fal ak\u0131\u015f\u0131yla beraber Karadeniz’e d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcyor. G\u00fczel bir proje. G\u00fczel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve o g\u00fczel suyu da bo\u015fu bo\u015funa kullanmadan Karadeniz’e vermek de bir israf.<\/em><\/strong> Ancak<\/em><\/strong> maalesef yumu\u015fak bir zemin \u00fczerine yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Tam devreye al\u0131nma s\u00fcrecinde baraj, \u00e7atl\u0131yor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce de baraj\u0131n tekrar rehabilite edilmesi konusunda bir ihale yap\u0131ld\u0131. Tabii rehabilite ne kadar olabilir? O da ayr\u0131 bir soru i\u015fareti”<\/em><\/strong> \u015feklinde yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130ktidar siyasi hesaplarla projeyi savsaklad\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan gazeteci \u015eerif Sar\u0131:<\/strong> “\u0130ktidar bir an \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul’a su yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve bunun siyasi getirisinden de faydalanma gayesiyle zemin et\u00fctleri yeteri kadar yap\u0131lmadan bir karara vard\u0131. Bug\u00fcn geldi\u011fimiz noktada \u00e7atlaklar \u00fczerine yeniden bir ihale olu\u015fturuldu. \u0130haleyi alan firma artan fiyatlarla ilgili \u00f6denek taleplerinin h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131lanmamas\u0131 \u00fczerine mevcut \u015fartnameye uyarak kendini bu i\u015ften \u00e7ekme y\u00f6n\u00fcne gitti. Bug\u00fcn bu Melen Baraj g\u00f6vdesinin yenilenmesi ya da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesiyle ilgili yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma da son bulmu\u015f vaziyette. Yeni bir ihale ya da yeni bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 gerekiyor”<\/em><\/strong> tespitinde bulunmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

‘Melen Baraj\u0131, \u0130stanbul’un su g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sigortas\u0131d\u0131r’<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Konuyla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri al\u0131nan DS\u0130 eski y\u00f6neticisi ve Su Politikalar\u0131 Derne\u011fi<\/strong> Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Dursun Y\u0131ld\u0131z<\/strong>, “Melen Baraj\u0131, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen su temin sisteminin en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7as\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul’un su g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sigortas\u0131d\u0131r”<\/em><\/strong> diyorlard\u0131. Baraj\u0131n alt\u0131 y\u0131l \u00f6nce (2016’da) bitirilmesinin planland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Y\u0131ld\u0131z \u015funlar\u0131 aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Baraj\u0131n i\u015fletme d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u0130stanbul’un su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehdit etti\u011fi gibi su temin plan\u0131n\u0131 da bozuyor ve enerji \u00fcretimini engelliyor. Melen Baraj\u0131 bitmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 kendi enerjisinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, ayn\u0131 barajdan hidroelektrik enerji olarak \u00fcretebilecekti. Baraj bitmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck pompalarla su \u0130stanbul’a bas\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu da \u0130stanbul’da su temininin birim enerji maliyetini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Melen Baraj\u0131 olmuyorsa mevcut baraj yeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yeni bir aks \u00fczerinde yeni bir baraj\u0131n in\u015fa edilmesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na h\u0131zla ba\u015flanmas\u0131 bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

“Havzalar aras\u0131 su transferi en son y\u00f6ntem olmal\u0131d\u0131r!”<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Havzalar aras\u0131 su transferinin en son ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 gereken bir su temini y\u00f6ntemi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirten Y\u0131ld\u0131z:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0130stanbul esas itibariyle s\u00fcrekli su temin edilmesi gereken bir mega kentimiz haline geldi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc artan n\u00fcfus ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak artan su talebi \u0130stanbul’un b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7evresindeki suyun \u0130stanbul’a ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furdu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fer siz \u0130stanbul gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck metropol\u00fcn su teminini en k\u0131sa zamanda sa\u011flamay\u0131 bir politika olarak benimserseniz \u0130stanbul art\u0131k kendi \u00e7evresinin \u00e7ok \u00e7ok daha \u00f6tesinden su talebini artt\u0131rmaya devam edecektir. Bu da s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmaz. Bu nedenle \u0130stanbul su temini, suyun arz\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimi yan\u0131 s\u0131ra suyu talep edenlerin de talebinin y\u00f6netimine y\u00f6nelik bir politikaya acilen ihtiya\u00e7 duymaktad\u0131r”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Suyun ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ekolojik dengeyi bozacakt\u0131r!”<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Halim Orta<\/strong> da Melen Projesi’ni yani havzalar aras\u0131 su naklini do\u011fru bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130stanbul’u rahatlat\u0131rken Melen Havzas\u0131’na zarar verilece\u011fini belirten Orta, “Su ta\u015f\u0131mak petrol ta\u015f\u0131maya benzemez. Yani petrol\u00fc ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131r satar pazarlars\u0131n\u0131z ama suyu o havzan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, o havzadaki ekosistemi k\u00f6k\u00fcnden zedelersiniz, yaralars\u0131n\u0131z. O ekosistemin en b\u00fcy\u00fck par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r su.”<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gazeteci olan ve baraj\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan \u015eerif Sar\u0131<\/strong> da, “Melen Baraj b\u00f6lgesindeki f\u0131nd\u0131k \u00fcreticilerinin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlar var. Su havzas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen sis dedi\u011fimiz bulut sabahlar\u0131 so\u011fukla birle\u015fti\u011fi zaman; f\u0131nd\u0131k \u00fcretimine, \u00fcretim kalitesine ve verimine y\u00fczde yetmi\u015flerde olumsuz etki yap\u0131yor. Bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. \u0130\u015fin bu boyutu \u00fcreticiyi ilgilendiren yani b\u00f6lgemizi ilgilendiren bir konu. Bununla ilgili maalesef hi\u00e7bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ya da vatanda\u015f\u0131 bilgilendirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilgili bakanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan bir a\u00e7\u0131klama, bir kamuoyunu bilgilendirme yap\u0131lmad\u0131”<\/em><\/strong> ifadelerini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[1]<\/span><\/p>\n

AKP \u0130ktidar\u0131n\u0131n ayar\u0131 ve aynas\u0131: Melen Baraj\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Melen Baraj\u0131’yla ilgili \u0130T\u00dc taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 2009 tarihli Nihai \u00c7ED raporunda ve 2012 tarihinde yine ayn\u0131 \u00fcniversitede yap\u0131lan zemin durumu ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda, zeminin olumsuz durumu ile ilgili yap\u0131lan saptamalar ve \u00f6neriler ni\u00e7in dikkate al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131?\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Uzaydaki y\u0131ld\u0131zlar b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e \u00e7ekim g\u00fcc\u00fc artmaktayd\u0131. \u0130stanbul da \u00f6yle oldu. B\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e \u00e7ekim g\u00fcc\u00fc artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1945’te 1 milyonluk n\u00fcfus, 2020’de 16 milyonu ge\u00e7me noktas\u0131na dayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2008’de bilim insanlar\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131lan \u00e7evre d\u00fczeni plan\u0131 rafta b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in plans\u0131z ve vizyonsuz b\u00fcy\u00fcme oldu, b\u00fcy\u00fcme y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde “\u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n proje” gibi \u00e7evre d\u00fczeni plan\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 projelerle \u0130stanbul’da n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n durmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00c7evresini d\u00f6rt asma k\u00f6pr\u00fcyle ba\u011flama, Avrupa Yakas\u0131’n\u0131 ortas\u0131ndan bir kanalla yarma ve \u00fczerine alt\u0131 tane daha devasa asma k\u00f6pr\u00fc yapma ve paray\u0131 verene su havzalar\u0131n\u0131 imara a\u00e7ma misyonu ile Marmara B\u00f6lgesi, toplam n\u00fcfusunun 25 milyonun \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmaya ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin toplam n\u00fcfusunun en az \u00fc\u00e7te birini toplamaya aday duruma ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Marmara Denizi’nin m\u00fcsil\u00e2jla (deniz salyas\u0131) kaplanmas\u0131, temiz suya ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n zorla\u015fmas\u0131 ve hava ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. \u0130zmit K\u00f6rfezi’nden \u00e7\u0131kan ve Tekirda\u011f, M\u00fcrefte-\u015eark\u00f6y \u00fczerinden Saros K\u00f6rfezi’ne uzanan devasa Kuzey Marmara Fay\u0131 varken, n\u00fcfusu ve Gayri Safi Milli Has\u0131la i\u00e7erisindeki pay\u0131 artan bu kadim \u015fehri daha da b\u00fcy\u00fctme politikalar\u0131 temelinden yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Durdurulmayan n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131na “su” temini konusunda \u0130stanbul her d\u00f6nem g\u00fcndem olmu\u015ftur. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece, B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece ve Terkos g\u00f6lleri yetmemi\u015f, su havzalar\u0131nda ve akarsular \u00fczerinde baz\u0131 barajlar ve tesisler (Alibeyk\u00f6y Baraj\u0131, \u00d6merli Baraj\u0131, Darl\u0131k Baraj\u0131, Elmal\u0131 Baraj\u0131, Sazl\u0131dere Baraj\u0131, Istranca dereleri \u00fczerindeki barajlar, \u015eile kuyular\u0131, tarihi bentler) yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ama onlar da yetmemi\u015f. \u0130stanbul’un il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunan su havzalar\u0131 yetmeyince, B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130stanbul Su Temin Projesi ad\u0131 ile ba\u015flat\u0131lan proje ile h\u00fck\u00fcmet, D\u00fczce’den Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar alt\u0131 ili i\u00e7ine alan 450 km uzunlu\u011fundaki ve 38 bin kilometrekare geni\u015fli\u011findeki Kuzey Marmara b\u00f6lgesindeki su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbul’a ak\u0131tma karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’na baraj yapma projesi b\u00f6yle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’un 170 km do\u011fusunda Karadeniz’e d\u00f6k\u00fclen ve y\u0131ll\u0131k su potansiyeli ortalama 51 ton\/saniye olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan \u0130stanbul’a daha fazla i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu getirmek i\u00e7in proje \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. O zaman yap\u0131lan tahminlere g\u00f6re 2040 y\u0131l\u0131nda n\u00fcfusu 17 milyon olmas\u0131 beklenen \u0130stanbul, bu barajdan 38 ton\/saniyelik bir ek kaynakla su gereksinimini kar\u015f\u0131layacakt\u0131. Hesaplar\u0131n tutmayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130stanbul n\u00fcfusu 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda 17 milyona dayand\u0131. Proje ilan edildi\u011finden bu yana 30 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda bitirilmesi planlanan baraj\u0131n, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda bitmesine yak\u0131n bir zamanda g\u00f6vdesinde k\u0131r\u0131klar olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Acaba baraj g\u00f6vdesi neden k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131? Bu yaz\u0131da, 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u015flayan karar s\u00fcrecini ve baraj\u0131n neden kullan\u0131lmaz duruma geldi\u011fini eri\u015febildi\u011fim kaynaklara dayanarak a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Melen Ortak Giri\u015fim Grubunu Kimler Kurmu\u015flard\u0131?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Baraj\u0131 planlama a\u015famas\u0131ndaki ilk arazi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 1990-1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda Japonya Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Bankas\u0131 (JBIC) B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Sistemi Projesi’ne destek vermeyi kabul etti ve proje Nippon KOEI m\u00fc\u015favirlik grubuna ihale edildi. Melen Projesi ile ilgili fizibilite et\u00fcd\u00fc 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Devlet Su \u0130\u015fleri’nin (DSI\u0307) ve m\u00fc\u015favir firma Nippon KOEI taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rland\u0131. Projenin M\u00fchendislik, M\u00fc\u015favirlik ve Kontroll\u00fck Hizmetleri, Melen Ortak Giri\u015fim Grubu (konsorsiyum) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu giri\u015fim grubu (biri Japonya, ikisi \u0130ngiltere ve be\u015fi T\u00fcrkiye men\u015feili toplam sekiz firmadan olu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Bu grubun yapaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015fler \u015funlard\u0131: Zemin et\u00fctleri ve jeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131, mevcut fizibilite raporunun g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi, uygulama projelerinin (ar\u0131tma tesisi proses yap\u0131lar\u0131 hari\u00e7) haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00e7elik boru ve \u00f6zel par\u00e7a temini i\u015fleri dahil) haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, harita \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rma planlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, \u00c7ED raporu ve \u00e7evresel izleme program\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, in\u015faat ihale dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, ihale de\u011ferlendirme s\u00fcrecinde \u0130dare’ye teknik destek verilmesi, in\u015faat kontroll\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hizmetleri<\/em><\/strong> (baraj, bo\u011faz ge\u00e7i\u015fi t\u00fcneli ve kond\u00fcvi hari\u00e7). M\u00fc\u015favirlik grubunun yerli firmalar\u0131ndan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve DS\u0130 Jeoteknik Hizmetler ve Yeralt\u0131 Sular\u0131 Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 baraj g\u00f6vdesinin oturaca\u011f\u0131 yerin ve g\u00f6l alan\u0131n\u0131n yer alt\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve zemin \u00f6zelliklerini inceleyecek (jeolojik, jeofizik ve jeoteknik et\u00fctler) y\u00f6ntemleri uygulayacak ve baraj g\u00f6vdesini ta\u015f\u0131yacak yeri ve su dolacak g\u00f6let alan\u0131n\u0131n su tutma \u00f6zelliklerini ara\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan inceleme ve de\u011ferlendirmeler sonras\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen vadisinde en fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alabilecek, yer ve zemin yap\u0131s\u0131 ve topografik ko\u015fullar\u0131 uygun yerin Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’n\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Karadeniz’in yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 km g\u00fcneyinde \u00c7ay\u00fcst\u00fc Tepesi ile Dikenli Tepe aras\u0131ndaki alan olmas\u0131na karar verildi. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda \u0130stanbul’a yetecek miktarda su temini sa\u011flama ve elektrik \u00fcretimi yapabilme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan baraj\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri ve kapasitesiyle ilgili teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar belirlendi. Baraj g\u00f6vdesi \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc beton kaplamal\u0131 kaya dolgu tipi, g\u00f6vde uzunlu\u011fu 709 metre, g\u00f6vde geni\u015fli\u011fi 12 metre, minimum su d\u00fczeyi 37 metre, minimum i\u015fletme su d\u00fczeyi 55 metre, aktif g\u00f6l hacmi 577 milyon ton olacakt\u0131. Projeye g\u00f6re i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu olarak Melen Baraj\u0131’ndan \u0130stanbul’a y\u0131lda 1.1 milyar ton su verilmesi planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Baraj ve batardo g\u00f6vde yap\u0131lar\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra proje kapakl\u0131 dolu savak, iki adet derivasyon t\u00fcneli, i\u00e7me suyu pompa istasyonlar\u0131, 152 km uzunlu\u011funda iki adet 3 metre \u00e7ap\u0131nda isale hatt\u0131, ar\u0131tma tesisleri ve 45 MW kurulu g\u00fc\u00e7te HES tesislerinden olu\u015facakt\u0131. Su, \u0130stanbul’un Avrupa ve Anadolu yakas\u0131na i\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131 4.5 metre olan beton kaplamal\u0131 t\u00fcneller olmak \u00fczere 27 km uzunlukta beton borularla aktar\u0131lacakt\u0131. Baraj\u0131n ekonomik \u00f6mr\u00fc 50 y\u0131ld\u0131. Plana g\u00f6re, Melen Baraj\u0131 Projesi`nin elektrik enerji \u00fcretimi ve i\u00e7me suyu sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’n\u0131n ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleme \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile ta\u015fk\u0131n koruma i\u015flevine de katk\u0131da bulunacakt\u0131. Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndaki su ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi, su i\u00e7erisindeki canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n kolayla\u015fmas\u0131na da neden olarak ekosistem \u00fczerinde olumlu etkiler yapacakt\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

22 Mart 1997 tarih ve 22941 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan T\u00fcrkiye-Japonya s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile projenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi ve toplam maliyetinin 1.2 milyar ABD dolar\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen Baraj\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131n 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flay\u0131p, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bitirilmesine karar verildi. Kademeli olarak enerji \u00fcretecek ve i\u00e7me suyu temini sa\u011flayacak baraj, 2014-2022 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 536 milyon ton\/y\u0131l. 2022-2032 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 804 milyon ton\/y\u0131l ve 2032 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131 1 milyar ton\/y\u0131l i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu sa\u011flayacakt\u0131. Enerji \u00fcretimi, i\u00e7me ve kullanma suyu teminine g\u00f6re ters orant\u0131l\u0131 ve yine kademeli olarak \u00fcretilecekti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Baraj aks\u0131n\u0131n yeri ve y\u00fcksekli\u011finin tespiti amac\u0131yla DSI\u0307’nin ilgili uzmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sahada incelemeler yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli se\u00e7enekler de\u011ferlendirildi. Baraj g\u00f6vdesi \u00f6nce kil \u00e7ekirdekli kaya dolgu olarak planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ancak daha sonra maliyet baz al\u0131narak \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc beton kapl\u0131 kaya dolgu t\u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu karar nedeniyle ilk yap\u0131lan malzeme alan\u0131 et\u00fctleri tekrar yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni rapor yaz\u0131ld\u0131. 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle projeye h\u0131z verildi ve in\u015faat\u0131 bitirilen Melen Reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan \u00e7ekilen su, d\u00f6\u015fenen isale hatt\u0131 ile 20 Ekim 2007 tarihi itibariyle \u0130stanbul’a verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. O g\u00fcnden bu yana, baraj olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Melen reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcnden \u00e7ekilen su \u0130stanbul’a ak\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan \u0130stanbul’a verilen i\u00e7me suyu ancak 247 milyon tondur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde baraj in\u015faat\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ciddi sorunlar nedeniyle in\u015faat\u0131n bitirilememesi sonucu, Melen \u00c7ay\u0131’ndan borularla getirilen su \u0130stanbul’da mevcut tesislerde ar\u0131t\u0131lmakta ve kullan\u0131ma sunulmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Baraj g\u00f6vdesi in\u015faat\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f zeminde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“29 May\u0131s 2012’de Melen Baraj\u0131 in\u015faat i\u015finin ihalesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130n\u015faat i\u015fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi 17 Aral\u0131k 2012’de DS\u0130 ile E.<\/span><\/em><\/strong> A.\u015e. ve Y. A.\u015e. aras\u0131nda imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eirket, baraj temelinin zemin \u00f6zelliklerinin \u00e7ok iyi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilecek baraj g\u00f6vde beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacak \u00f6zellikleri olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sahada 14 adet 735 metre ara\u015ft\u0131rma sondaj\u0131 talebini aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herkes biliyordu ki, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda DS\u0130’ye sunulan \u00c7ED raporunda ve 2012’de \u0130T\u00dc’de yap\u0131lan y\u00fcksek lisans tezinde yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ciddi zemin sorunlar\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015f ve uyar\u0131lar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak DS\u0130 14. B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1 Mart 2013 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda talep edilen sondajlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 nedense uygun bulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131!? Baraj temelinin ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00fcc\u00fc ve zemin de\u011ferleri ile ilgili sak\u0131ncalardan dolay\u0131 \u015firket uluslararas\u0131 deneyime sahip P.C.R. adl\u0131 \u015firkete bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Raporda; <\/em><\/strong><\/span>baraj temelinin oturaca\u011f\u0131 zemin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00fcc\u00fc ve kaymaya kar\u015f\u0131 yeterli dayan\u0131ma sahip olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusu ve ek zemin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu<\/span><\/strong> vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0\u0130lgili rapor DS\u0130 y\u00f6neticilerine aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ancak \u015firketin iste\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u015firket baraj in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flamak zorunda kald\u0131. 21 Temmuz 2015’te baraj g\u00f6vdesi d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u015flad\u0131. Aral\u0131k 2016’da baraj g\u00f6vdesinin 666’nc\u0131 metresinde ilk k\u0131r\u0131\u011fa rastland\u0131. Mart 2017’de DS\u0130 heyeti olu\u015fan k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerinde inceleme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. DS\u0130, A\u011fustos 2017’de konuyla ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak \u00fczere biri yerli di\u011feri yabanc\u0131 iki \u015firketten talepte bulunmu\u015flard\u0131. 26 A\u011fustos 2017’de baraj\u0131n beton g\u00f6vdesi tamamland\u0131. 28 \u015eubat 2020’de baraj g\u00f6vdesinin \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi i\u00e7in 1 Haziran 2020-26 \u015eubat 2023 tarihlerini kapsayan 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7in proje ihale sonucu 412 milyon 151 bin TL’ye E. M. A\u015e’ye b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Bas\u0131na yans\u0131yan haberlere g\u00f6re, 2 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen firma i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmad\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda baraj\u0131n 26 \u015eubat 2023’te hizmete girmesi beklendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca onar\u0131m m\u0131 yap\u0131lacak, yoksa yeni bir baraj g\u00f6vdesi mi yap\u0131lacakt\u0131? Her ne yap\u0131lacaksa 2023’e yeti\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.”[2]<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evet, AKP iktidar\u0131nda, bu Milletin milyarlarca liras\u0131 b\u00f6yle \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lmakta; plans\u0131z ve programs\u0131z yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ve ihale yutturmacalar\u0131yla yanda\u015flara trilyonlar kazand\u0131r\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Erdo\u011fan iktidar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fc kurtarma kararlar\u0131yla gelece\u011fimizi karartmaktayd\u0131. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na Milli Gelirin 25 bin dolar\u0131 a\u015faca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenirken bug\u00fcn 9 bin dolar\u0131n alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Enflasyon %150’yi a\u015fm\u0131\u015f, son 45 y\u0131l\u0131n en y\u00fcksek seviyesine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ahl\u00e2ki ve ailevi tahribatlar ise giderek h\u0131zlan\u0131p yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Art\u0131k bu iktidar \u00fclkenin bir numaral\u0131 sorunu halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, mutlaka ve demokratik yollarla bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu bulunmal\u0131yd\u0131…<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a> https:\/\/yesilgazete.org\/catladi-coktu-muteahhidi-kacti<\/a> – 25 Ekim 2022<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Haluk Eyido\u011fan – T24 – 10 \u015eubat 2022 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 AKP \u0130KT\u0130DARININ SAVURGANLI\u011eI VE MELEN BARAJI TUTARSIZLI\u011eI \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Erdo\u011fan iktidar\u0131n\u0131n yanda\u015f kay\u0131rmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve savurganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu; yanl\u0131\u015f projelerle milyarlarca lira \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7atlaklar olu\u015fan Melen Baraj\u0131’na 8 milyar TL, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyen Ankapark i\u00e7in 801 milyon dolar, kullan\u0131lamayan ve u\u00e7ak inmeyen havalimanlar\u0131na da y\u00fcz milyonlarca lira bo\u015fa harcanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Garip gureban\u0131n hakk\u0131ndan ve kamu kasas\u0131ndan yanda\u015f \u015firketlere milyarlarca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ozel-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11427"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11427\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}