{"id":1183,"date":"2008-02-02T01:44:45","date_gmt":"2008-02-02T01:44:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2008\/02\/02\/turkiyenin-ekonomik-isgali\/"},"modified":"2008-02-02T01:44:45","modified_gmt":"2008-02-02T01:44:45","slug":"turkiyenin-ekonomik-isgali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2008\/subat-2008\/turkiyenin-ekonomik-isgali\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK\u0130YE’N\u0130N EKONOM\u0130K \u0130\u015eGAL\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

En yi\u011fit Ba\u015fbakan, bor\u00e7 \u015fampiyonu Erdo\u011fan! <\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130nternette haber siteleri aras\u0131nda gezerken “En yi\u011fit Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce oturdu\u011fumuz yerden hoplarcas\u0131na kalkt\u0131k ve “Acaba s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi operasyon i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u011fmeye mi bas\u0131ld\u0131?” diye merakland\u0131k!<\/em><\/p>\n

Haberin devam\u0131n\u0131 okudu\u011fumuz zaman Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (!) hi\u00e7 de b\u00f6yle bir sebebe ba\u011fl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131k.<\/em><\/p>\n

Me\u011fer Erdo\u011fan devr-i iktidar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek bor\u00e7lanma nedeniyle “En yi\u011fit Ba\u015fbakan” olarak se\u00e7ilmeyi hak kazanm\u0131\u015f!..<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l se\u00e7ilmesin!<\/em><\/p>\n

Devr-i iktidar\u0131nda geride b\u0131rak\u0131lan seksen y\u0131ldan fazla bor\u00e7 bata\u011f\u0131na bat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f!<\/em><\/p>\n

Erdo\u011fan’dan \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin tamam\u0131 seksen k\u00fcsur y\u0131lda 95.2 milyar dolar kadar bor\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015flar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Yani Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bor\u00e7 stoku 95,2 milyar dolar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Ve g\u00f6revi devrald\u0131ktan sonra adeta bor\u00e7lanma ata\u011f\u0131na kalkm\u0131\u015flar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k iktidar d\u00f6nemlerinde bor\u00e7 stokunu y\u00fczde 124 artt\u0131rarak 213.3 milyar dolara \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Seksen k\u00fcsur y\u0131lda 95.2 milyar dolar bor\u00e7 alm\u0131\u015flar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Ama AKP, son be\u015f y\u0131lda ise tam tam\u0131na 118.1 milyar dolar bor\u00e7 takm\u0131\u015flar!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu nedenle Erdo\u011fan “En yi\u011fit Ba\u015fbakan” diye alk\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015flar!..<\/em><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da verdi\u011fimiz rakamlar i\u00e7 bor\u00e7 stokumuz ile ilgili rakamlar!<\/em><\/p>\n

Bir de d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z var!<\/em><\/p>\n

En yi\u011fit Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da katlam\u0131\u015f elbette!<\/em><\/p>\n

57.1 milyar dolar olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7 stokunu 11.6 milyar dolar artt\u0131rarak 68.8 milyar dolara \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7 stoklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n toplam\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 85.2 oran\u0131nda artarak 129.8 milyar dolardan 282.1 milyar dolara f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f!<\/em><\/p>\n

Belli ki d\u00fcnyan\u0131n finansal \u00e7evreleri Erdo\u011fan ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 sevmi\u015fler ve “kesenin a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f” Tabi b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi; Bor\u00e7land\u0131rma hilesiyle ve AKP eliyle, T\u00fcrkiye esir al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f!.. Yani ekonomik ve teknolojik i\u015fgale u\u011fram\u0131\u015f!..<\/em><\/p>\n

Ve bu arada haberin sonuna bir-iki sat\u0131rl\u0131k ufak bir not daha\u00a0 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f:<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu notta deniliyor ki: “Son yirmi y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde merkezi y\u00f6netimin borcunu azaltan tek h\u00fck\u00fcmet ise 54. Necmettin Erbakan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti oldu!” Yani d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bor\u00e7 almamay\u0131, mevcut bor\u00e7lar\u0131 azaltmay\u0131, yerli ve milli imkanlarla kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 sadece Erbakan ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f!..<\/em><\/p>\n

Ve maalesef, borcu azaltanlar\u0131n da katlayanlar\u0131n da nas\u0131l muamele g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ortada! Borcu azaltanlar d\u0131\u015flan\u0131rken borcu katlayanlar\u0131n ba\u015f tac\u0131 edilmesi sizce, mant\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fey mi?46″ ve hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir geli\u015fme mi?<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ekonomide yabanc\u0131la\u015fma:<\/p>\n

Sermayenin yolculu\u011fu<\/p>\n

18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca s\u00fcren Sanayi Devrimi, bat\u0131da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir sermaye birikimini de beraberinde getirdi. Sanayi toplumu \u00f6ncesindeki at\u00f6lye tipi \u00fcretimde sanat-zanaat ve el eme\u011fi lehine olan denge, teknolojik geli\u015fme ve yo\u011funla\u015fan \u00fcretim nedeniyle sermaye lehine bozuldu. Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Sanayi Devrimi ard\u0131nda bir y\u00fczy\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcren sefalete, \u00e7ocuk i\u015f\u00e7ilere, on alt\u0131 saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcnlerine, kanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f kavgalar\u0131na, bir b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtilale neden olmu\u015ftu. Yap\u0131s\u0131 gere\u011fi kab\u0131na s\u0131\u011famayan ve ulus \u00f6tesi olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sermaye de iki b\u00fcy\u00fck payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131, yitip gitmi\u015f ku\u015faklar ve yeteneksiz yerel diktat\u00f6rlere teslim edilmi\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da s\u00f6m\u00fcrge devlet b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda \u00a0geli\u015fen bilgi teknolojileri asl\u0131nda ulusal nitelikleri belli olan ancak kay\u0131t ve vergi kolayl\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ulus \u00f6tesi olarak nitelendirilen sermayenin teknik olarak ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve sermayenin k\u00fcreselle\u015fmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarihi ideolojik temelleri, t\u00fcm \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rlerinin d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde serbest\u00e7e dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na dayanan “b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler” prensipleri olan k\u00fcreselle\u015fme, sermayenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki fakt\u00f6rlerin serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki sorunlar nedeniyle bu prensiplerden sapm\u0131\u015f ve bu prensiplere en \u00e7ok yakla\u015fan “ikinci en iyi” teorilerine dayanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan birincisi t\u00fcm \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rlerinin serbest\u00e7e dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya olmasa da ulus devletlerden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck pazara dayanan ancak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir alanda kurulan bir ekonomik d\u00fczendir. Buna tipik \u00f6rnek Avrupa Birli\u011fi’dir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi esas itibar\u0131 ile i\u00e7eride yarat\u0131lan zenginli\u011fi d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya kar\u015f\u0131 koruma misyonlu bir ekonomik alan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndedir. AB d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya kar\u015f\u0131 nispi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermayenin hareketlerine fazla bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmemekte ancak ara mallar ve \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. AB m\u00fcktesebat\u0131 denilen mevzuat, ekonomik alan i\u00e7indeki mal ve hizmetlerin standartlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmek ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan gelecek alternatif \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in de b\u00fcrokratik bir savunma refleksidir. Tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ithalat\u0131 tamamen kontrol alt\u0131nda, \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olan eme\u011fin ithali ise ka\u00e7ak i\u015f\u00e7iler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yasaklanm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Yak\u0131n \u00e7evre \u00fclkesi olarak T\u00fcrkiye’nin de AB ile olan ili\u015fkileri bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede \u015fekillenmektedir. G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi nedeniyle AB ile ticaret hacmi \u00e7ok artm\u0131\u015f ve bunun \u00fclke istihdam\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumlu etkileri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olsa bile, d\u0131\u015f ticaret hadleri s\u00fcrekli T\u00fcrkiye’nin aleyhine geli\u015fmekte ve \u00fclkemiz bu ili\u015fkide artan oranlarda d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 vermektedir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer “ikinci en iyi” durumu da, daha \u00f6nce ifade edildi\u011fi gibi, konu\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer itibar\u0131 ile ulus \u00f6tesi ancak y\u00f6netildi\u011fi yer itibar\u0131 ile ulusal niteli\u011fi belli olan ve k\u00fcresel sermaye olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan fonlar\u0131n durumudur. Burada da teorik temel “Madem \u00fcretimin t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde serbest\u00e7e dola\u015fam\u0131yor, o halde en az bir tanesi (sermaye) serbest\u00e7e dola\u015fabilsin” d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir. \u00d6zellikle 1970’li y\u0131llardan sonra d\u00fcnya ekonomisindeki dalgalanmalar, baz\u0131 hammadde fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 ve \u015fi\u015fen borsalar sonucunda olu\u015fan spek\u00fclatif sermayenin dar alanlarda s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kalmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ebilmek i\u00e7in k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin teorik temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1980’li y\u0131llardan sonra d\u00fcnyada estirilen liberalizm r\u00fczgar\u0131 ile az geli\u015fmi\u015f ve geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde de menkul k\u0131ymetler borsalar\u0131 kurulmu\u015f ve bu borsalara akan s\u0131cak para, yerel politikac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netilen \u00fclke ekonomileri i\u00e7in k\u0131sa vadeli kurtar\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. D\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131k ekonomik modelleri benimseyen \u00fclkeler, verdikleri d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilk bak\u0131\u015fta bor\u00e7lanmadan daha avantajl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcken bu “emanet” para ile kapatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. K\u0131r\u0131lgan ekonomilerde balon her patlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yaman\u0131p yeniden \u015fi\u015firilmi\u015f, krizlerden dolay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sefalet, i\u015fsizlik ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeye alternatif olabilecek ekonomik sistemler \u00f6nemsenmemi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 2 trilyon Amerikan dolar\u0131 seviyelerinde seyreden bu u\u00e7ucu spek\u00fclatif paraya kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke ekonomileri dahi tedbirler alma yoluna gitmektedirler.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Ticaret ve Kalk\u0131nma Konferans\u0131’n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada d\u0131\u015f ticarete konu olmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin toplam hacmi 12 trilyon Amerikan dolar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve d\u00fczenli olarak artmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Ayr\u0131ca d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki hizmet ticaretinin hacmi 2.6 trilyon Amerikan dolar\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyadaki toplam \u00fcretilen mal ve hizmetler toplam\u0131n\u0131n 45 trilyon Amerikan dolar\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse d\u0131\u015f ticarete konu olan rakamlar olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli yer tutmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine ayn\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyadaki do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 da buna paralel olarak artarak y\u0131ll\u0131k 1 trilyon amerikan dolar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in’in tek ba\u015f\u0131na bu miktar\u0131n y\u00fczde onunu ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaplanmaktad\u0131r.(\u00d6rg\u00fct portf\u00f6y yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ve \u015firket kurma veya sat\u0131n alma ve birle\u015fme yoluyla edinilen kurumlar\u0131n karar alma mekanizmalar\u0131nda yer al\u0131nan durumlar\u0131 do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olarak nitelendirmektedir). D\u00fcnyada dola\u015fan s\u0131cak para sto\u011fu 2 trilyon dolar civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelen do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131k on milyar Amerikan dolar\u0131na yeni yeni ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, 400 milyar dolara ula\u015fan i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f borcu ve de 50 milyar dolar seviyesinde dola\u015fan d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131yla k\u0131r\u0131lgan yap\u0131ya sahip bir ekonomi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc vermektedir. \u00dclkemizde dola\u015fan s\u0131cak paran\u0131n y\u00fcz milyar Amerikan dolar\u0131 civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa bu miktar\u0131n yap\u0131sal k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesindir.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin artmas\u0131na paralel olarak d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 da artmaktad\u0131r. Bu gidi\u015fin ilk k\u00fcresel krize kadar s\u00fcrece\u011fi de a\u015fikard\u0131r. \u00c7in’in oyuna kat\u0131lmas\u0131 k\u00fcresel sermaye hareketleri \u00fczerinde bir doping etkisi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n gelecekte Hindistan ve Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle oyuna kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayarsak pota daha da y\u00fckselecektir. Yeni d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninde k\u00fcresel sermaye, \u00fclkelerin siyasal karar alma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131cak para-borsa-finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7geni ile ipotek alt\u0131na almaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde oynanan bu oyuna kat\u0131lan belirli bir \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 orta veya uzun vadeli mega planlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde atmaktad\u0131rlar. G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye’nin bu konuda siyasi bir kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur ve k\u00fcresel ak\u0131nt\u0131ya daha \u00e7ok kap\u0131lmak i\u00e7in bu \u00fclkelerin ataca\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 beklemektedir.47<\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar Kanunu ve Madenlerimizin Yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

5 Haziran 2003 tarihinde TBMM’de \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlere hizmet veren Do\u011frudan Yabanc\u0131 Sermaye Dan\u0131\u015fma Servisi adl\u0131 bir yabanc\u0131 kurulu\u015f taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan “Do\u011frudan Yabanc\u0131 Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar Kanunu” kabul edildi. Kanunun tan\u0131mlar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2. maddesi,\u00a0 yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n yurt i\u00e7inden sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n aranmas\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin haklar\u0131 do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m kapsam\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca takip eden maddelerinde ise:<\/p>\n