{"id":18,"date":"2006-11-04T18:12:16","date_gmt":"2006-11-04T18:12:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2006\/11\/04\/put-rusyasi-ve-lam-dyasi\/"},"modified":"2006-11-04T18:12:16","modified_gmt":"2006-11-04T18:12:16","slug":"putin-rusyasi-ve-islam-dunyasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2006\/ekim-2006\/putin-rusyasi-ve-islam-dunyasi\/","title":{"rendered":"PUT\u0130N RUSYASI VE \u0130SLAM D\u00dcNYASI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya Siyonizmden Rahats\u0131z:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>&quot;Bu sava\u015f \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131&quot; diyen Rusya eski Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Primakov:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Kaybeden \u0130srail ve yanda\u015flard\u0131r!.. <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> Eski SSCB ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f Rusya&#39;n\u0131n gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015f en \u00fcnl\u00fc politikac\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lan Yevgeniy Primakov, bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 i\u00e7in Ortado\u011fu&#39;da olu\u015fan son durumu de\u011ferlendirdi.  <\/p>\n<p> Bir zamanlar D\u0131\u015f \u0130stihbarat Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131, D\u0130\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 ve Ba\u015fbakan gibi g\u00f6revleri \u00fcstlenen ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise Rusya Ticaret ve Sanayi Odas\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte olan Yevgeniy Primakov, son zamanlar t\u0131rmanan Ortado\u011fu krizi nedeniyle \u0130srail ve ABD&#39;yi sert bir dille ele\u015ftirdi. L\u00fcbnan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail&#39;in Ortado\u011fu krizini tek ba\u015f\u0131na ve kimseyle anla\u015fmaya varmadan \u00e7\u00f6zme giri\u015fiminin do\u011fal bir sonucu oldu\u011funu belirten Yevgeniy Primakov, &quot;Kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n menfaatini dikkate almadan tek ba\u015f\u0131na soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma giri\u015fimi h\u00fcsranla sonu\u00e7lanmaya mahkumdur&quot; dedi.  <\/p>\n<p>  \u00a0  <\/p>\n<p> \u0130srail y\u00f6netiminin sava\u015ftan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce tek tarafl\u0131 olarak yol haritas\u0131 projesinden vazge\u00e7ti\u011fini, fakat bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a beyan etmedi\u011fini kaydeden Primakov, &quot;Ya\u015fanan baz\u0131 olaylar \u0130srail&#39;in L\u00fcbnan&#39;a sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in neden de\u011fil, bahane idi. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nceden planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belliydi.  <\/p>\n<p> ABD ve \u0130ngiltere&#39;nin de destekledi\u011fi bu sava\u015fta, \u0130srail Hizbullah&#39;\u0131n bombard\u0131manlarla yok edilemeyece\u011finin de fark\u0131ndayd\u0131. Zira Hizbullah siyasi bir \u00f6rg\u00fctt\u00fcr. \u015eia n\u00fcfusun destekledi\u011fi bu \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc sava\u015fla yenmek hayal bile edilemez.\u00a0 \u0130srail&#39;in L\u00fcbnan&#39;a sava\u015f a\u00e7makta ba\u015fl\u0131ca amac\u0131 L\u00fcbnan&#39;\u0131 i\u00e7 sava\u015fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklemek ve Hizbullah i\u00e7 muhalefet yoluyla ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131. Di\u011fer bir hedef de Suriye ve \u0130ran bir \u015fey yapmaya kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa bu \u00fclkeleri de bombalamakt\u0131. ABD de bu y\u00fczden sava\u015f\u0131n durmas\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 istemiyordu.  <\/p>\n<p> Sava\u015f sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na gelince: sava\u015fta kimin kazan\u0131p kimin kaybetti\u011fini verilen kay\u0131plarla \u00f6l\u00e7menin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydeden Primakov, &quot;SSCB de Alman Nazileriyle sava\u015fta 30 milyon insan kaybetti. Bu Almanya&#39;n\u0131n verdi\u011fi kay\u0131ptan \u00e7ok daha fazla olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sava\u015f\u0131 kazanan SSCB oldu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sava\u015fta kimin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma sonucuyla e\u015f anlama gelemez. Kimin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131na taraflar\u0131n hedeflerinin ne kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine bakarak karar verebiliriz. \u0130srail yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fim hedeflerine ula\u015famad\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sava\u015f\u0131 kaybeden taraf da \u0130srail&#39;dir. Hatta ate\u015fkes 5-6 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce ilan edilmi\u015f olsa \u0130srail&#39;in bu sava\u015f\u0131 askeri y\u00f6nden de kaybetti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebilirdik. Hizbullah ise bu sava\u015fta kendini siyasi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015f oldu&quot; \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirdi.  <\/p>\n<p> ABD&#39;nin L\u00fcbnan sava\u015f\u0131ndan kendisi i\u00e7in do\u011fru bir ders almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirten Primakov, &quot;Zira d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan dayatma demokrasi modellerinin baz\u0131 \u00fclkelere zorla empoze etme politikas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 bir zaman ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0130srail&#39;in de\u011fi\u015fmez kaidesidir. &quot;Ate\u015fkes&quot;e direnir, sonra kabul eder. Ama bu sefer ate\u015fkes ilan edilmesine ra\u011fmen, ordusu ilerlemeye devam eder. Bu arada kapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar\u0131 da geri vermez. 1948&#39;de \u0130srail&#39;in kurulu\u015fundan beri geli\u015fmeleri ve diplomasi oyunlar\u0131n\u0131 izleyenler, bu durumlar\u0131 her seferinde rahat\u00e7a g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u015eimdi de \u0130srail ordusu yaka-y\u0131ka ilerlemekte ve L\u00fcbnan topraklar\u0131nda bulunan Litani nehrine do\u011fru i\u015fgal etmektedir. \u0130srail G\u00fcney&#39;de Nil, Kuzey\u00a0 Do\u011fu&#39;da Dicle ve F\u0131rat&#39;\u0131 ileri hedefleri aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u0130srail, kendi\u00a0 Kuzeyi&#39;ndeki Suriye&#39;nin Golan Tepeleri&#39;ni zorla ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir ve oralar\u0131 hala i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda tutmaya devam etmektedir. Golan Tepeleri Suriye topraklar\u0131d\u0131r ve zengin su kaynaklar\u0131na sahiptir.\u00a0 Golan su kaynaklar\u0131 ile Litani Nehri yakla\u015f\u0131k ayn\u0131 co\u011frafi alanda ve seviyede bulunan hedeflerdir. O halde, acaba asl\u0131nda, \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden karar verilen Su Sava\u015flar\u0131 yava\u015f yava\u015f uygulanmaya m\u0131 konmaktad\u0131r? Hizbullah, sadece bir bahane midir?<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Putin&#39;den, \u00c7e\u00e7enistan&#39;dan \u00e7ekilme talimat\u0131 <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> Bu arada, Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin&#39;in, \u00c7e\u00e7enistan&#39;daki Rus askerlerinin kademeli olarak \u00e7ekilmesi konusunda talimat verdi\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenildi.  <\/p>\n<p> \u0130tar-Tass ajans\u0131, Putin&#39;in \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararname ile \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, \u00c7e\u00e7enistan&#39;da ge\u00e7ici olarak konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lan Rus askerlerinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 15 Aral\u0131k&#39;a kadar kademeli olarak \u00e7ekilmesi talimat\u0131 verdi\u011fini bildirdi.  <\/p>\n<p> Haberde, s\u00f6z konusu bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n, 2007 ve 2008 y\u0131llar\u0131nda kademeli \u00e7ekilme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 istenildi\u011fi belirtildi. Bu giri\u015fim ve geli\u015fmeler, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n b\u00f6lgede ve \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye ile Emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve bar\u0131\u015f arzular\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya&#39;dan \u0130srail&#39;e; Duveyk&#39;i serbest b\u0131rak\u0131n&quot; uyar\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya, \u0130srail&#39;den ge\u00e7en hafta sonu Hamas h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin birka\u00e7 yetkilisiyle birlikte g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nan Filistin Meclis Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Aziz Duveyk&#39;in serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Duveyk&#39;in g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek, bu tip eylemlerin Filistin topraklar\u0131ndaki durumun normale d\u00f6nmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamayaca\u011f\u0131 uyar\u0131s\u0131 iletildi.  <\/p>\n<p> A\u00e7\u0131klamada, g\u00f6zalt\u0131ndaki Filistinli yetkililerin bir an \u00f6nce serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n umuldu\u011fu kaydedildi.  <\/p>\n<p> \u0130srail ordusu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Duveyk&#39;in g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcndeki a\u011fr\u0131lardan \u015fikayet\u00e7i olmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Bat\u0131 \u015eeria&#39;daki Ramallah kasabas\u0131nda bulunan Ofer askeri hapishanesinden Kud\u00fcs&#39;teki bir hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtilmi\u015fti.  <\/p>\n<p> Bu giri\u015fim de, yine Rusya&#39;n\u0131n \u0130srail&#39;in sald\u0131rgan tav\u0131rlar\u0131ndan duydu\u011fu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ifadesiydi. Ve \u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Putin&#39;i dikkatle izlemekteydi.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Son D\u00f6nem Rusya Federasyonu Ve T\u00fcrk-Rus \u0130li\u015fkileri <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> \u015eamil \u00dcnsal bu konuda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bilgiler vermektedir:  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Putin D\u00f6nemi Rusya<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Gorba\u00e7ov ve Yeltsin d\u00f6nemlerimde, ilk kez bat\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlerle tan\u0131\u015fan Ruslar, bu tan\u0131\u015fma ile bir\u00e7ok olumsuzluklarla da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7e\u00e7en sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi zorluklar ve gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mdaki bozulma, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n \u00f6nemli varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan enerji kaynaklar\u0131n oligarklar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131 sonucu u uslara ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 yeni zenginlerin\u00a0 ortaya\u00a0 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki bozulma,; ahlaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme, mafyala\u015fma, vs. Rus Halk\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde, Yeltsin&#39;in pop\u00fclaritesinin t\u00fckenmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> 1991&#39;den sonra bozulan, k\u00fcresel iki kutuplu dengede, Rusya 15 y\u0131l boyunca kan kaybederek,\u00a0\u00a0 adeta b\u00f6lgesel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 durumuna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Putin&#39;in iktidar\u0131yla birlikte, Or|a Asya \u00fclkelerindeki kazan\u0131mlar\u0131, \u015eangay i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc i\u00e7inde \u00c7in ile ili\u015fkileri, G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerine yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, hep ABD&#39;ye alternatif ve ikinci kutup yaratmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan giri\u015fimler ola de\u011ferlendirilebilir.  <\/p>\n<p> 26 Mart 2000 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini %53 oyla ilk turda kazanan Viladimir Putin, 4 y\u0131l sonra yap\u0131lan ikinci se\u00e7imi de 2004 Mart\u0131nda yenideni kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nem Rus siyasetinde rutin ile birlikte &quot;Birle\u015fik Rusya&quot; partisinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hissedilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Putin&#39;in gelecek se\u00e7imlerde aday olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 2008 se\u00e7imlerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, 2005 sonunda yap\u0131lan ve &quot;\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki se\u00e7imlerde kime oy verdiniz&quot; anketinin yan\u0131t ar\u0131 %5 oran\u0131nda Putin&#39;i i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir. Anket sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re: :Kom\u00fcnist partili Gennadi Zagpnav %5 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i Jrinovski %4 Duma bakan\u0131 Boris Grizolv %3 olarak oy alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na etki eden \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biri olan, merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin organizasyonuna bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u015f\u00f6yle bir yap\u0131lanma ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktay\u0131z.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya Federasyonunun y\u00f6netsel yap\u0131s\u0131; g\u00f6revi yasama olan 628 sandalyeli federal meclis, 450 sandalyeli alt kanat devlet konseyi (Duma) ve 178 sandalyeli \u00fcst kanat federasyon konseyinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya federasyonu idari birimler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stererek, 89 idari birimden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan 49&#39;u idari b\u00f6lge (Oblast), 21 cumhuriyet, 11 otonom b\u00f6lge, (okrug), 6 vilayet (kray), ve Moskova ile St. Petesburg \u015fehir idareleridir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Putin Ruslar\u0131n &quot;b\u00fcy\u00fck devletten vazge\u00e7meme&quot; istemleri ve \u00c7e\u00e7enistan sava\u015f\u0131ndaki g\u00f6revi nedeniyle, Rus halk\u0131ndan toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumlu prestij ile iktidara gelmi\u015ftir. Ancak bir zamanlar b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlarla kurulan BDT da\u011f\u0131lmayla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131. BDT \u00fcyelerinden G\u00fcrcistan&#39;da ve Ukrayna&#39;da ABD ve AB taraf\u0131ndan renklendirilen devrimlerle el de\u011fi\u015ftiren y\u00f6netimler, A\u011fustos 2005 deki BDT doru\u011funda, topluluk \u00fcyeli\u011finden \u00e7ekildiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkmenistan ise kendi iradesi ile bu \u00e7ekilmeyi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Toplulukta Milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerin Rusya&#39;dan uzakla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bu \u00fclkeler son on y\u0131ldan bu yana ve k\u0131smen de bug\u00fcn, Rus yanl\u0131s\u0131 olmak yerine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a denge politikalar\u0131 izlemektedirler.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Bu geli\u015fmelerle birlikte Rus d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda;<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Atlantik\u00e7i ekol\u00fcn etkisi biraz azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yerine;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Avrasyac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n etkin olduklar\u0131 d\u00f6nemler ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sayede, Bat\u0131n\u0131n tehditleri; onlar\u0131n idari kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131na girmi\u015f olan G\u00fcrcistan ve Ukrayna&#39;n\u0131n \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen politikalarla kar\u015f\u0131lanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, Putin&#39;in d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n faydac\u0131 ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Biz yine de, bu Putin Avrasyac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine e k\u0131saca durmak istiyoruz.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rusya&#39;n\u0131n Avrasya Politikas\u0131 \u0130lk kez Krus\u00e7ev d\u00f6neminde ders kitaplar\u0131na konulan &quot;Avrasya&quot; kavram\u0131 ile ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dostoyevski, Vernadski, Trubetskov, Savitski, Gumilyev, taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmi\u015f olup, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki d\u0131\u015f politika ilkelerini esas alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rusya hem Avrupa hem de Asya \u00fclkesidir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00e2kimiyet alan\u0131 merkez b\u00f6lgedir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00fc\u00e7 Avrupa Birli\u011fidir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <strong>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Rusya&#39;n\u0131n bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma gayretlerinin bir sistemi olan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, ideolojik anlamda uzun bir aradan sonra SSCB&#39;nin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 10.y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Putin ile birlikte AB i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm siyasi guruplar taraf\u0131ndan tehlikeli say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bir Rus ideolojisi olan &quot;Avrasyac\u0131l\u0131k&quot;:\u00a0 Avrupa-Atlantik ittifak\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeli olabilece\u011fi ve bunun Avrasyac\u0131l\u0131kla engellenmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri do\u011frultusunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>1996-1999 y\u0131llar\u0131 ars\u0131nda g\u00f6zlenen Primakov doktrini olarak da bilinen ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktalarda toplayabilece\u011fimiz d\u0131\u015f politika ilkeleri ise:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tek ba\u015f\u0131n bir k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7, kabul edilemez bir tehdittir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rusya \u00e7ift kutuplu bir sisten olu\u015fturacak kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>ABD kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok kutuplu bir d\u00fcnya kurulabilir ve gereklidir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi ve \u00fclkenin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 meselesi, Putin&#39;in i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011fi d\u00f6nemde Rusya&#39;da en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konuydu. Putin ABD&#39;ye Rus enerji kaynaklar\u0131n Orta Do\u011fu kaynaklar\u0131na alternatif olabilece\u011fi imaj\u0131n\u0131 vererek rekabet ortam\u0131 yarat\u0131r gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyordu.  <\/p>\n<p> Ancak Rusya ABD&#39;nin kurallar\u0131 ile bu rekabete girmeyece\u011fini bir s\u00fcre sonra ortaya koydu. ABD ve AB \u015firketlerinin d\u0131\u015flanarak enerjide Rus devlet \u015firketleri devreye sokuldu. 2005 de 470 milyon ton petrol \u00fcreten ve 230 milyon tondan fazla petrol ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fclke olarak, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki kapsaml\u0131 planlar\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu planlar sadece \u00fcretim ve fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ihra\u00e7 etmeye y\u00f6nelik planlar de\u011fildi art\u0131k, var olan hatlarla iletim a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek, hatta iletilen ve ge\u00e7ilen \u00fclkelerde \u00e7evirimleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek ve pazarlamak faaliyetlerini de kaps\u0131yordu. Rus devlet \u015firketlerini d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerinde yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 duruma getiriyordu. Hem de serbest rekabet ortam\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131 bat\u0131l\u0131lar gibi kullanarak. Bu \u015fekilde bir k\u00fcresel a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartmay\u0131 ve pazarlamay\u0131, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyordu. T\u00fcm \u00e7evresindeki ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kozdu bu. ABD ve bat\u0131n\u0131n bu etkin enerji politikas\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatmaya y\u00f6nelen renkli devrimlerine kar\u015f\u0131, Rusya, Ukrayna ve G\u00fcrcistan&#39;\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 durumda b\u0131rak\u0131yordu. \u00c7in&#39;i ise enerji deposuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeden ihtiya\u00e7 i\u00e7inde tutma politikalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131yordu.  <\/p>\n<p> Putin&#39;in politikadaki taktikleri, \u0130lk d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00fclkede var olan de\u011fi\u015fik b\u00fcrokratik, oligar\u015fik ve di\u011fer yap\u0131lar\u0131 birle\u015ftiriyor gibi bir tav\u0131rla taraftar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yordu. Ulusalc\u0131 sol gruplar\u0131 \u00f6nce dizginlemek, sonra da etkisizle\u015ftirmek yoluna gidiyordu. Bu ekol\u00fcn temsilcisi Andrey \u0130llarianov bu duruma iyi bir \u00f6rnektir.  <\/p>\n<p> Putin, \u0130kinci i\u015f olarak, d\u00fcnyada hi\u00e7bir \u00fclkenin yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya yapmaya kalk\u0131\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir olay daha ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu bilinen ad\u0131yla &quot;ST\u00d6&#39;ni Denetim Yasas\u0131d\u0131r&quot;.\u00a0 Bat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131 ve Siyonist sermaye uzant\u0131s\u0131 ekonomik ve b\u00fcrokratik olu\u015fumlar\u0131 tasfiye ederek Ulusalc\u0131 sol bir yap\u0131lanmay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015ftir. 2005 de var olan ve bilinen ST\u00d6&#39;den 300&#39;\u00fcn\u00fc kapatm\u0131\u015f, 825&#39;ini de mahkemelere sevk etmi\u015ftir. Bu durum Ekonomideki iyile\u015fmelerin sonucu olabildi\u011fi gibi, bat\u0131n\u0131n destekledi\u011fi &quot;demokratik darbelere&quot; kar\u015f\u0131 bir savunmad\u0131r asl\u0131nda. Sonu\u00e7ta, d\u0131\u015f etkilerin azalmas\u0131n\u0131 getirecektir. Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz yasa daha sonra baz\u0131 Orta Asya ve Kafkasya \u00fclkelerinde de bir model te\u015fkil ederek, Soros \u00e7etele\u015fmesindeki vak\u0131flar gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc destek\u00e7ilere sahip h\u0131yanet \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin bu \u00fclkelerde de etkisizle\u015ftirmesinin yasal yol g\u00f6stericisi olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcm bu uygulamalar, Putin&#39;le birlikte Rusya&#39;n\u0131n da siyasi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc giderek artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunda ba\u015fta enerji politikas\u0131, say\u0131lar\u0131 400&#39;\u00fc a\u015fan sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin (ST\u00d6) mali kaynak ve etkinlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha yak\u0131ndan denetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, Petrol ve do\u011fal gaz fiyatlar\u0131ndaki 2003 den beri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan art\u0131\u015flar ve \u00c7in ile yak\u0131nla\u015fma politikalar\u0131 etkin olmu\u015f ve olmaya devem etmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rus Ulusal Kimli\u011finin Yeniden \u0130n\u015fa Edilmesi, Rusya&#39;da Putin&#39;le ba\u015flayan yeni d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biridir. Ulusal kimli\u011fin olu\u015fumunda, din \u00f6\u011fesi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kom\u00fcnist d\u00f6nemde bast\u0131r\u0131lan Ortodoksluk, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde in\u015fa edilen kimli\u011fin \u00e7imentosu olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Putin d\u00f6neminde olu\u015fturulmakta olan i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f politikalardan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olan biri de SSCB d\u00f6neminde pek rastlanmayan dini motiflerin Y\u00f6neticiler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak &quot;Ruslar\u0131n, Ortodokslu\u011fu dinden ziyade kendilerini bir tan\u0131mlama unsuru, yani milli kimlik olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri tespit edilmi\u015f&quot; ise de, geli\u015fmelerin seyri, bu noktada kal\u0131nmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Moskova Patrikhanesi bir ibadethane olman\u0131n yan\u0131nda; Patrik II. Aleksi, silah al\u0131m ve sat\u0131m\u0131yla ilgilenen ulusal komisyonun \u00fcyesi durumuna gelmi\u015f olup, buradan elde edilen kazanc\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kiliseye aktarmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, bir\u00e7ok Rus generalin ayin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 kilise ziyaretlerinin nedeni olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. Kilise, tuz, \u015feker, alkol ticareti yan\u0131nda Petrol ithal lisanslar\u0131 ve vergi uygulamalar\u0131ndan komisyon almaktad\u0131r. \u015eimdiki Papa&#39;n\u0131n Putin ile tan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 SSCB&#39;de, KGB eleman\u0131 oldu\u011fu (kod ad\u0131 PROZDOV) g\u00fcnlere dayanmaktad\u0131r. Putin,\u00a0 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 milenyum konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, &quot;Rusya 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la kendi i\u00e7sel de\u011ferlerine ve maneviyat\u0131na d\u00f6nerek girecek ve yeni Rusya bu manevi de\u011ferler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yarat\u0131lacakt\u0131r&quot; demi\u015ftir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> \u00d6zellikle 1991-1993 y\u0131llar\u0131 ars\u0131nda Rus d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda etkin olan Atlantik\u00e7i ve Yahudi etkinlikli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktalardan hareket eden bir d\u0131\u015f politika izlemi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rusya bir Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkesidir.<\/li>\n<li>Bat\u0131 ile ittifak i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi gereklidir.<\/li>\n<li>Bat\u0131 de\u011ferlerini kabul etmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>ABD ile yak\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7ine girmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Atlantik\u00e7i ekol, Gorba\u00e7ov ve Yeltsin d\u00f6nemindeki etkinli\u011fini, ya\u015fanan politik ve ekonomik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klarla yitirmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kta birazda bat\u0131 politikalar\u0131ndaki \u00e7ifte standartlar ve Rusya&#39;y\u0131 ekonomik ve sosyal bak\u0131mdan destabilize gayretleri etkili olmu\u015ftur.  <\/p>\n<p> Putin ise i\u00e7inde Avrasyac\u0131l\u0131k se\u00e7ene\u011fi gibi, \u00e7ok boyutlu politikalara y\u00f6nelmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Uzla\u015fmac\u0131 ya da uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Jeopolitik ak\u0131m diyebilece\u011fimiz Putin&#39;in liderli\u011fini yap\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131m ise: Pragmatizm, ekonomik verimlilik, Ulusal sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne \u00f6ncelik veren bir d\u0131\u015f politika olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya SSCB&#39;den kalan emperyal co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Bat\u0131&#39;ya kar\u015f\u0131 yeni \u00f6nlemler geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Da\u011f\u0131lman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve bir\u00e7o\u011fu AB \u00fcyesi olan Do\u011fu Avrupa ve Batl\u0131k \u00fclkeleri, renkli devrimler sonucu, ABD ve AB&#39;nin te\u015fvikleri ile Rusya&#39;dan tazminat ve \u00f6z\u00fcr isteklerini dile getirmektedirler. Bu istekler Rusya&#39;n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgelerde elinin zay\u0131flat\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik hamlelerdir. \u0130\u015fte Putin&#39;in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z d\u0131\u015f politikalara y\u00f6nelmesi; \u00fclkesinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 bu t\u00fcr bask\u0131lar\u0131 etkisizle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7indir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n Demokrasi, insan haklar\u0131 ve \u00f6zerk cumhuriyetlere bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, ABD&#39;nin ekonomik ve siyasi sorunlar\u0131, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n daha fazla \u00fczerine gidilmesini engellemektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, ABD&#39;nin Irak&#39;taki i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 Rus tutumunun, Bas\u0131n, diplomatik giri\u015fimler ve akademik olarak sadece ele\u015ftiri d\u00fczeyinde kalmamas\u0131 ise; Rusya&#39;da demokratikle\u015fme e\u011filimlerinin giderek yo\u011funluk kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. ABD, Rus demokrasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli ele\u015ftirmekte ve ancak bunu ileri dozda dile getirememektedir. Rus bas\u0131n\u0131 ise, &quot;sen kendi i\u015fine bak&quot; tavr\u0131yla, bat\u0131n\u0131n bu tutumuna kar\u015f\u0131 so\u011fuk durmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Beslan bask\u0131n\u0131ndan sonra, Putin&#39;in Cumhuriyetlere se\u00e7imsiz y\u00f6netici atama yapmas\u0131n\u0131n demokratik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Bush&#39;a; &quot;Sen kendi demokrasine bak, nas\u0131l se\u00e7ildi\u011fini hat\u0131rla&quot; dedi\u011fi bas\u0131na yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle Bratislava&#39;daki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonunda her iki lider, farkl\u0131 demokrasi tan\u0131mlar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015flar, Putin, Bush&#39;un demokrasi telkinlerine &quot;Bu konuda ancak biz istersek gerekli de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yapar\u0131z&quot; demi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya, SSCB&#39;nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, 1995&#39;e kadar \u00f6zerk cumhuriyetlerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalar sonucu bir bak\u0131ma par\u00e7alanma s\u00fcrecine sokulmu\u015f iken; Putin&#39;in i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelmesiyle bu durum \u015fimdilik ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f gibidir. Cumhuriyetler Putin&#39;in ekonomik entegrasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla, ya\u015fam seviyelerini y\u00fckseltmi\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, etnik k\u00f6ken k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131 ve federatif yap\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k arzular\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00e7ok \u00e7evrede ikinci bir da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini hala d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Putin, 2004&#39;de, d\u0131\u015f tahriklerden kurtulmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zerk Cumhuriyetlerindeki vali se\u00e7imlerini kald\u0131r\u0131p atama yolu ile vali belirlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerin Kremlin taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve yenilerinin atanmas\u0131 bir gelenek haline gelmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya Ekonomisi<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>SSCB halklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ac\u0131 ger\u00e7ek \u015fudur ki, Kom\u00fcnist deneyim; harap olmu\u015f bir tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc,geri kalm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00f6lgede ilkel bir sosyal yap\u0131, gittik\u00e7e gerilemekte olan bir sanayi, \u00e7\u00f6kmekte olan bir ekonomi ve ya\u015famsal tehlikelerle dolu bir \u00e7evre miras\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>SSCB&#39;nin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte Piyasa ekonomisi kurallar\u0131 ve prensipleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir ekonomik sistem kuramayan Rusya&#39;n\u0131n tar\u0131msal ve sanayi \u00fcretimi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7inde iken kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ekonominin boyutlar\u0131 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar \u00e7o\u011falarak \u00dclke ekonomik bak\u0131ndan \u0130MF, D\u00fcnya bankas\u0131 ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131skac\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde &quot;d\u00fcnya ekonomisine a\u00e7\u0131lan Rusya, burada so\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6nemindeki Amerikan ili\u015fkilerinden tamamen farkl\u0131 bir katta yer almakta ve tamamen farkl\u0131 kom\u015fularla, sorunlarla ve gelecekle bir aradad\u0131r.&quot; Bu durun demokratikle\u015fme gayretlerini de geciktirmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130leride g\u00f6rece\u011fimiz gibi silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerde planlanan modernle\u015fmeleri de durma noktas\u0131na getirmi\u015ftir. Ancak 2003 de ABD&#39;nin Irak&#39;\u0131 i\u015fgaliyle ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7le birlikte y\u00fckselen enerji fiyatlar\u0131 Rus ekonomisinde \u00f6nemli bir b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> GSMH b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uluslararas\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak gerekirse Rus Ekonomisi; yakla\u015f\u0131k, ABD&#39;nin 1\/10&#39;u, Japonya&#39;n\u0131n 1\/4&#39;\u00fc, Hindistan&#39;\u0131n yars\u0131, Brezilya ile \u00e7ok yak\u0131n, \u00c7in&#39;in 1\/5&#39;i,\u00a0 AB&#39;nin ise yine 1\/10&#39;u b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Bu g\u00fcn Rus ekonomi politikas\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada uygulanan\u0131n aksine; ulusal ve devlet\u00e7i bir tutuma sahiptir. Bu politikay\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki a\u00e7\u0131klama a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlemektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus do\u011fal kaynaklar Bakan\u0131 Yuri Turtnev, &quot;yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n stratejik olarak de\u011ferlendirdikleri alanlarda yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmalar\u0131n\u0131n engellenece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Yasak kapsam\u0131na Sibiryadaki Yamolla-Nenets b\u00f6lgesindeki Tirep ve Trep petrol sahas\u0131, Yakutistan Sibirya&#39;n\u0131n \u00c7ita b\u00f6lgesindeki Udokan bak\u0131r yataklar\u0131n\u0131n girdi\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir.2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu b\u00f6lgelerin kanunla yabanc\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131lmayacaklar\u0131&quot; a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 3:<\/strong> Rusya federasyonunun Temel ekonomik g\u00f6stergeleri  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong><\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tG\u00d6STERGELER<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1998<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1999<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2000<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2001<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2002<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2003<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2004*<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tGSY\u0130H (Milyar $)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t271.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t195.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t259.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t309.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t346.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t432.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t555.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tGSY\u0130H (B\u00fcy\u00fcme, %)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t10.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t7.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tS\u0131na\u00ee \u00dcretim (B\u00fcy\u00fcme, %)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t11.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t11.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t7.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tEnflasyon (T\u00dcFE, ort. %)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t27.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t85.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t20.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t21.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t15.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t13.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t10.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t\u0130hracat (milyar $)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t74.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t75.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t105.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t101.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t107.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t135.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t170.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t\u0130thalat (milyar $)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t58.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t39.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t44.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t53.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t61.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t75.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t101.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"199\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tD\u00f6viz Kuru (ort., Ruble:USD)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t9.71  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t24.62  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t28.13  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t29.17  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t31.34  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t30.69  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"62\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t28.97  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak: EIU,Goskomstat, Intellinewes<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tahmin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n GSMH&#39;s\u0131 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda 275.000.000 dolar iken 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda 300.000.000 dolara y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> 2003 Mart\u0131nda ABD&#39;nin Irak&#39;\u0131 i\u015fgali ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7le birlikte 24 dolardan bir ara 70 dolar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan petrol fiyatlar\u0131 Rus ulusal gelirini 555 milyar dolara y\u00fckseltmi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> Bu nedenle olsa gerek Rus y\u00f6neticiler uluslar aras\u0131 siyaset s\u00f6ylemlerinde i\u015fgale fazla bir tepki g\u00f6stermemi\u015f, ABD ve \u0130ngiltere ise bu durumu bir t\u00fcr sus pay\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015flerdir.  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 4:<\/strong> Makroekonomik G\u00f6stergeler 1992\/98 -1999\/2003*  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"495\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1992\/98<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1999\/ 2003<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tGSY\u0130H B\u00fcy\u00fcmesi (%, k\u00fcm\u00fclatif)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-39.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t35.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tGSY\u0130H B\u00fcy\u00fcmesi (%)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-6.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tS\u0131nai \u00fcretim (%, k\u00fcm\u00fclatif)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-50.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t43.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tS\u0131nai \u00fcretim (%, toplam)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-9.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t7.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tSabit yat\u0131r\u0131mlar (%, k\u00fcm\u00fclatif)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-76.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t48.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tSabit yat\u0131r\u0131mlar (%)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-17.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t8.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tEnflasyon (%, toplam)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t445.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t153.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tOrtalama federal b\u00fct\u00e7e dengesi (%\/GSY\u0130H)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-8.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"314\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\tOrtalama cari hesap den\u00adgesi (%\/GSY\u0130H)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"80\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t11.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynaklar:<\/strong> Rus Devlet \u0130statistik Komitesi \u015eubat 2004, Rusya Federasyonu Merkez Bankas\u0131  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki sermayesi k\u00fcm\u00fclatif olarak haziran 2005de 6.6 milyar dolard\u0131r, son y\u0131llarda geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor olmakla birlikte, bu para off-shore merkezlerdedir. Bu merkezlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Hollanda, K\u0131br\u0131s&#39;\u0131n Rum kesimi, Bahamalar, Uukrayna,\u00a0 Virgin Adalar\u0131, \u0130ran, Cebelitar\u0131k, \u0130ngiltere, Avusturya ve ABD&#39;dir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 5:<\/strong>\u00a0 Y\u0131llar itibariyle Rusya Federasyonu&#39;nun un d\u0131\u015f ticareti (milyar dolar)  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Y\u0131llar<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130hracat (X)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130thalat (M)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>(X\/M)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Hacim<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Denge<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1998<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t74.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t58.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.28  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t132.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t16.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>1999<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t75.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t39.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.91  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t115.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t36.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2000<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t105.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t44.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t.2.34  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t149.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t60.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2001<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t101.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t53.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.89  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t155.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t48.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2002<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t107.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t61.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.76  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t168.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t46.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2003<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t135.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t75.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.80  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t211.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t60.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>2004<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t170.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t101.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.67  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t271.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t68.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> EIU (Economic IntelligantUnit)  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"659\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"301\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130HRACAT<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"358\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130THALAT<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>MADDE ADI<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>TUTAR<br \/> \t\t\t(mil\u00adyar $)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>ORAN<br \/> \t\t\t(%) <\/strong> \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>MADDE ADI<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>TUTAR<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>(mil\u00adyar $)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>ORAN<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Petrol ve do\u011fal gaz<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t72.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t51.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Makine, ula\u015ft\u0131rma ekipman\u0131<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t19.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t(%)  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Metaller<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t17.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t12.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>G\u0131da, i\u00e7ecek ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t11.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t25.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Makine, ula\u015ft\u0131r\u00adma ekipman\u0131<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t10.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t7.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Kimyasallar<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\t&#160; \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t9.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t14.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Kimyasallar<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t8.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Metaller<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\t&#160; \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t12.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Di\u011fer<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t27.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t21.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Di\u011fer<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\t&#160; \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t32.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"155\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Toplam<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"76\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t135.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t100.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Toplam<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t75.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t42.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> EIU  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>So\u011fuk Sava\u015f s\u00fcresince kapitalizmin kar\u015f\u0131 cephesi olan Rusya, \u015fimdi yabanc\u0131 sermayenin en \u00e7ok tercih etti\u011fi \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. 2004&#39;\u00fcn ilk 9 ay\u0131nda \u00fclkeye giren yabanc\u0131 sermaye miktar\u0131 29.1 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. The Moskovv Times gazetesinin, Rusya istatistik b\u00fcrosunun verilerine dayanarak verdi\u011fi haberde, bu miktar, kredi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve portf\u00f6y yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Vergi oranlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek yat\u0131r\u0131m ortam\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftiren Rusya&#39;n\u0131n, Petrol gelirlerinin, fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak artmas\u0131yla, makro ekonomik g\u00f6stergeleri de iyile\u015fmi\u015ftir. 2003&#39;te 454 milyar Dolar&#39;l\u0131k ekonomiye ula\u015fan Rusya&#39;n\u0131n alt\u0131n ve d\u00f6vizden olu\u015fan yabanc\u0131 rezervleri, 2004 Kas\u0131m ortalar\u0131nda 113.1 milyar Dolar&#39;a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u00dcLKE<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>TOPLAM YATIRIM<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Y\u00dcZDE<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130ngiltere<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,6 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t18  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Almanya<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,3 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t17  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,2 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t16  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Fransa<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,7 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t15  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>L\u00fcksemburg<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,2 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Hollanda<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,7 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Virgin Adalar\u0131<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,5 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>A. B. D.<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,1 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"319\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130svi\u00e7re<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"152\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,1 milyar dolar  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"86\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> Rus Devlet \u0130statistik Komitesi, \u015eubat 2004.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus ekonomisinin itici g\u00fcc\u00fc olan enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, Rusya Federasyonu&#39;nun, politik ve askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn de \u00f6nemli bir belirleyicisidir. Bu bak\u0131mdan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00f6ncelikle; T\u00fcrk-Rus enerji ili\u015fkileri olmak \u00fczere, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n d\u00fcnya enerji piyasas\u0131ndaki yeri ve rol\u00fc konusu \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gere\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyiz.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya Federasyonu&#39;nun bug\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi 2030 y\u0131l\u0131nda da, en \u00e7ok t\u00fcketilen birincil; petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz gibi enerjilerde, %90&#39;l\u0131k payla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkesi olacakt\u0131r. Bu durum enerjide Rusya Federasyonu&#39;nun stratejik \u00f6nemini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Rusya&#39;n\u0131n \u00f6nce yak\u0131n \u00e7evresini tekrar toparlama ve giderek yeniden bir k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 olma potansiyeli artmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> RF&#39;nu, d\u00fcnya gaz rezervlerinde 48 trilyon metrek\u00fcp ile d\u00fcnya birincisi, K\u00f6m\u00fcr rezervlerinde 173 milyar s\/ton ile d\u00fcnya ikincisi, Petrol rezervlerinde (BP ye g\u00f6re 60 milyar, Yukos&#39;a g\u00f6re 100 milyar) varil ile d\u00fcnya sekizincisidir.  <\/p>\n<p> Eski SSCB&#39;nin t\u00fcm enerji ihra\u00e7 yollar\u0131 (boru hatlar\u0131, demiryollar\u0131, su kanallar\u0131 vs) Rusya Federasyonu&#39;nun topraklar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mektedir. Bu durum RF&#39;na, yak\u0131n \u00e7evre \u00fclkelerinde, kontrol ve h\u00e2kimiyet kurma hatta s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme olana\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131yan bir \u015fans sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Petrol ve do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131ndaki son art\u0131\u015flar, RF&#39;nun GSH&#39;n\u0131n %7.3 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcme sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu %7.3 b\u00fcy\u00fcme t\u00fcm G8 \u00fclkelerinin \u00fcst\u00fcndedir. D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131na g\u00f6re RF&#39;da GSH %25&#39;ini petrol ve gaz sekt\u00f6r\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na Gazprom RF&#39;nun vergi gelirlerinin %25&#39;ini toplamaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Hidrokarbon rezervlerinin ve bunlar\u0131n ticaretinin, (fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ta\u015f\u0131ma yollar\u0131n\u0131n) kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131; k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin Avrasya&#39;daki m\u00fccadelenin temelini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Avrasya enerji oyununda RF egemenli\u011finin k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Zira gelecek 20 y\u0131l i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkmen do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131n RF&#39;na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, 10 Nisan 2003 anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile kesinlik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum \u00fclkemizin T\u00fcrkmen gaz\u0131 yerine &quot;Mavi Ak\u0131ma&quot; y\u00f6neltilmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> RF, Aral\u0131k 2002&#39;de \u00d6zbekistan ile 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k gaz al\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toplam\u0131 10 milyar m3 l\u00fck bu anla\u015fma, miktar\u0131n ileriki y\u0131llarda artmas\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Haziran 2002&#39;de, Kazakistan&#39;la yukar\u0131daki miktar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Kazakistan&#39;\u0131n Kara\u00e7akanak sahas\u0131nda \u00fcretilen gaz\u0131n 4 milyar m3 l\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn BDT ve Avrupa&#39;ya nakil i\u00e7in Gazprom devreye girmi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya Federasyonu d\u0131\u015f politika yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda Avrasyac\u0131 ekol\u00fcn etkisiyle, petrol ve gaz b\u00f6lgelerinde daha etkin olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. BTC Rusya taraf\u0131ndan ABD&#39;nin b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015fmesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, Kazak ve T\u00fcrkmen y\u00f6neticilerine bask\u0131lar uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rusya&#39;ya ra\u011fmen bir \u015fey yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 imaj\u0131 BTC projesi ile y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Putin y\u00f6netimi bu iddialar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mek yerine, T\u00fcrkiye ile kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini art\u0131rarak, gelecekte geni\u015f ortakl\u0131k yollar\u0131n\u0131 aramakta veya buna zorunlu oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya Federasyonu, n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 olmas\u0131, ABD emperyalizmine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, BM&#39;de etkinli\u011fi bulunmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikleri yan\u0131nda\u00a0 ABD i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir Petrol orta\u011f\u0131 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fine de sahiptir. Rus petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn, ABD pazar\u0131ndaki oran\u0131 %l&#39;dir. Bu oran\u0131n %10&#39;a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7abalar\u0131 devam etmektedir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Avrupa bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6zellikle gaz konusunda vazge\u00e7ilmez bir kaynak ve ortakt\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Avrupa gaz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n %25&#39;ini Gazprom kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. Rusya&#39;da 1000 m3\/\u00fc 25 dolar olan gaz, Avrupa&#39;ya 1000 m3&#39; \u00fc 100-125 dolardan sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (2003 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in).  <\/p>\n<p> AB i\u00e7inde, Almanya ABD&#39;ye kar\u015f\u0131 Rusya ile birlikte enerji konusunda yeni stratejiler geli\u015ftirmektedir. Alman Ruhrgas \u015firketinin Gasprom ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi stratejik ortakl\u0131k, bu durumun g\u00f6stergesidir. Enerji ili\u015fkilerinde Rusya, T\u00fcrkiye&#39;ye kar\u015f\u0131 da benzer bir kontrol politikas\u0131 g\u00fctmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus Ekonomisi, bilindi\u011fi gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir de sanayi yap\u0131lanma ve \u00fcretime sahiptir. Sanayinin can damar\u0131 ise Tataristan \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti&#39;nde bulunmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131saca, Tataristan&#39;\u0131n Rus ekonomisini motor g\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.  <\/p>\n<p> Tataristan, Moskova&#39;n\u0131n hemen g\u00fcney do\u011fusunda yer al\u0131r. %51.3 Tatar, %41 Rus, %3 \u00c7uva\u015f ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Toplam n\u00fcfusu 38 milyondur. D\u00fcnya tatar n\u00fcfusunun %30&#39;u burada ya\u015far. Tatar toplumu, T\u00fcrk topluluklar i\u00e7inde bat\u0131ya en erken a\u00e7\u0131lan, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir entelekt\u00fcel potansiyele sahip bir gruptur.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n toplam sanayi \u00fcretiminin i\u00e7inde Tataristan&#39;\u0131n %10&#39;unu ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca sanayi dallar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u015f\u00f6yledir. Sinema ve foto\u011fraf filmleri %100, gaz trib\u00fcnleri %95, stirol %75, sentetik kau\u00e7uk ve naylon malzemeleri %47, kamyon %50, \u0131s\u0131ya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 plastik boru ve boru hatt\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 %50, etilen ve polietilen %40, oto lasti\u011fi %30, benzol %20, gaz ocaklar\u0131 %20, petrol %10.  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcrkiye&#39;de i\u015f yapmak isteyen Tatar firmalar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n faaliyette bulunduklar\u0131 sanayii alanlar\u0131 ise a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1) Kamaz (A\u011f\u0131r kamyon \u00fcretimi)<\/li>\n<li>2) Nizhnekamskmeftekkim (Petro kimya)<\/li>\n<li>3) Kazanorgsintez (Kimya sekt\u00f6r\u00fc)<\/li>\n<li>4) Kazan helikopter (Ml-17&#39;lerin \u00fcretimini yap\u0131yor)<\/li>\n<li>5) Gurbunovo Kazan u\u00e7ak fabrikas\u0131 (yolcu ve sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131)<\/li>\n<li>6) Kazan motor \u00fcretim birli\u011fi (u\u00e7ak motoru)<\/li>\n<li>7) Kazan mekanik ortopedik aletler fabrikas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>8) Kazan t\u0131bbi aletler fabrikas\u0131 (t\u0131p alan\u0131nda 3 bin alet)<\/li>\n<li>9) Kazan elektropribor (havac\u0131l\u0131k sanayi i\u00e7in cihaz)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Rus Askeri Yap\u0131s\u0131  <\/p>\n<p> Sovyetlerin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla K\u0131z\u0131l ordu, konvansiyonel sava\u015flar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan muharebe g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve eskisi gibi tehdit olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybetmi\u015ftir. Hemen arks\u0131ndan ya\u015fanan \u00c7e\u00e7en sava\u015f\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar ise ordunun kendisine olan g\u00fcvenini sarsm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1999 dan sonra yeniden ulusal g\u00fcvenlik stratejileri olu\u015fturma gere\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu aray\u0131\u015fa neden olan husus ise d\u0131\u015f tehditten \u00e7ok a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7 tehditlerden kaynaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ter\u00f6rist eylemler<\/li>\n<li>Siyasi ve ekonomik ama\u00e7l\u0131 mafya \u00f6rg\u00fctleri<\/li>\n<li>Etnik ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 e\u011filim ve giri\u015fimler<\/li>\n<li>K\u00f6kten dincilik ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k e\u011filimleri<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f destekleri ve Siyonist sermaye etkileri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Rusya Federasyonu. Sovyet Askeri teknik miras\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeyi en zor d\u00f6nemde bile ihmal etmemi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> Da\u011f\u0131lan Sovyetlerin silah sanayinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Rusya&#39;ya miras kalm\u0131\u015f, bu g\u00fcn, bir\u00e7ok silah ve sistemin \u00fcretimi, di\u011fer ayr\u0131lan cumhuriyetlerdeki tesislerin i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile \u00fcretilmeye devam edilmektedir. Rusya&#39;n\u0131n, son d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6zellikle:  <\/p>\n<p> \u00c7in, Hindistan, Venez\u00fcella ve \u0130ran gibi al\u0131c\u0131lara y\u00f6nelik silah sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015flar oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenmektedir. B\u00f6ylece bu alanda Sovyetlerin \u00e7\u00f6kmesinin ard\u0131ndan girilen olumsuz s\u00fcre\u00e7, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de olsa atlat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Silah sanayine en az \u00f6nemin verildi\u011fi Yeltsin d\u00f6neminde bile, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n 1\/3&#39;nin bu alandaki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. 4 milyar $ s\u00fcbvansiyonla Rusya bu konuda ABD&#39;yi bir iki y\u0131l geriden izleyebilmi\u015ftir.2004 savunma b\u00fct\u00e7esi ise 19.4 milyon dolarla \u00fclkeler s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda sekizinci s\u0131rada bulunmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Askeri alanda var olan ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, ABD&#39;nin Irak&#39;\u0131 i\u015fgalliyle birlikte varili 25 dolarlardan 70 dolara \u00e7\u0131kan petrol fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f nedeniyle ekonomisi giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Rusya, 5-10 y\u0131l gibi k\u0131sa ve orta zaman dilimlerinde, yeni kaliteli silah sistemlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesini kolayl\u0131kla sa\u011flayabilecektir.  <\/p>\n<p> \u0130lk a\u015famada, Kafkaslar ve Orta Asya&#39;da etkinli\u011fini koruyabilecek silah sistemlerine y\u00f6nelmeyi planl\u0131yor oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi silahlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 halen \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyetidir. \u00c7in&#39;in teknolojisiyle birlikte ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu silah sistemlerini kopyalay\u0131p, kendi fabrikalar\u0131nda daha iyisini \u00fcretme konusunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmakta oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ABD, kendisinin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi silah sistemlerinin bir \u00e7o\u011funu di\u011fer m\u00fcttefikleriyle birlikte \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve bu suretle teknolojideki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc peki\u015ftirme yoluna gitmi\u015ftir. Son insanl\u0131 sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olan F-35 ile bu konuda en belirgin \u00f6rnektir. Bu y\u00f6ntem; maliyetin payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak, riskleri da\u011f\u0131tan bir sistemdir. Rusya b\u00f6yle bir olanaktan yoksun, i\u00e7 talebin de olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle; yeni teknolojilerin geli\u015ftirilmemesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Putin&#39;in son a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemin ise bir siyasi s\u00f6ylem oldu\u011fu, Bunun teknik geli\u015fmelerden \u00e7ok siyasi mesajlar i\u00e7erdi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.&quot;hi\u00e7 kimsede olmayan, yeni bir silaha sahibiz&quot; a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131ndan sonra, bu silah\u0131n &quot;meydan okuyucu&quot; bir tarzda duyurulmas\u0131, asl\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f mesaj i\u00e7eriyor olabilir. Yap\u0131lmayan\u0131 yapmakla gurur duyulaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu gururu \u00f6zleyen Rus halk\u0131na, Putin&quot;in, \u00f6zg\u00fcvenini yeniden kazand\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik bir giri\u015fkenlik motivasyonu oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Ayr\u0131ca, ayr\u0131l\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131klara k\u00fcresel s\u00fcre\u00e7te askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 olmay\u0131 bundan sonrada s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecekleri mesaj\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Putin, bu son a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ile d\u0131\u015f politikada as\u0131l mesaj\u0131 ABD&#39;ye vermi\u015ftir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki; a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n W.Bush&#39;un yeniden ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa se\u00e7ilmesi, kabinesine daha \u015fahin isimleri almas\u0131n\u0131n sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da ayr\u0131 anlam i\u00e7ermektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> (Ve tabi Putin; &quot;Biz, hi\u00e7 kimsede bulunmayan bir silah&#39;a sahibiz&quot; s\u00f6zleri sadece bir bl\u00f6f ise, Amerika&#39;n\u0131n ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bunu yutmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincindedir. Kendisini yalanc\u0131 ve palavrac\u0131 konuma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek istemeyecektir. Baz\u0131 internet sitelerinde: Rusya&#39;n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir silah&#39;a sahip oldu\u011fu ve T\u00fcrkiye&#39;deki Milli Merkezlerin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ve orijinal teknolojiler sayesinde bu imkana kavu\u015ftu\u011fu yolunda bilgilere yer verilmektedir. M.\u00c7.)  <\/p>\n<p> Burada belirtilmesi gereken hususlardan biri de, Putin y\u00f6netiminin, ordunun giderek bozulmakta olan i\u015flerli\u011finin sorunlar\u0131 ile daha \u00e7ok u\u011fra\u015faca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle ordunun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da k\u0131saca ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.  <\/p>\n<p> Sovyetlerin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131r yaral\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kan Rusya, Avrupa d\u00fczl\u00fcklerinde top yek\u00fbn sava\u015f mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ordusunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek zorunlulu\u011funu hissetmektedir. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ku\u015fkusuz, Rus Ordusunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclmesi, profesyonel hale getirilmesi \u015feklinde tasarlanmaktad\u0131r. Yeltsin d\u00f6neminde iyice da\u011f\u0131lan Rus ordusu, Putin ile yeniden yap\u0131lanma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na girmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan getirilen savunma bakan\u0131 Ivanov, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 F\u00fcznov ve eski kafal\u0131 ve Siyonist sermaye taraftar\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey generaller anla\u015famam\u0131\u015flar, b\u00f6ylece Putin&#39;in profesyonel ordu hedefi ask\u0131da kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rus ordusundaki dramatik bu durum, 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda da s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, gen\u00e7lerin ancak yakla\u015f\u0131k %9,5&#39;u\u011fu askere al\u0131nabilmi\u015ftir. Askerlerin %80&#39;i k\u00f6y ve kasaba k\u00f6kenlidir. Di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise kentlerin yoksul b\u00f6lgelerindendir. Ayr\u0131ca, &quot;Dedov\u015fina&quot; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve k\u0131demli erlerin yeni gen\u00e7lere uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistematik \u015fiddet gen\u00e7leri askerlikten so\u011futmakta ve subaylar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca %11&#39;i Savunma Bakan\u0131 Ivanov&#39;un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklerken, %48&#39;i kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Rus ordusundaki bu t\u00fcr olumsuzluklara ra\u011fmen, Rusya Federasyonu, ba\u015fta \u015eangay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmak \u00fczere, i\u00e7inde NATO nun \u00fcyeli\u011finin de oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok askeri ittifakta yer almakta veya g\u00f6zlemci bulundurmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Sovyetlerin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hemen sonras\u0131nda, BDT \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan, &quot;BDT S\u0131n\u0131r Kuvvetleri Komutanlar Kurulu&quot; Komutanlar zirvesini 10 Mart 2005 tarihinde T\u00fcrkmenistan&#39;\u0131n ba\u015f\u015fehri A\u015fkabat&#39;ta yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toplant\u0131yaRusya, T\u00fcrkmenistan, Ukrayna, Beyaz Rusya, Kazakistan, Tacikistan, G\u00fcrcistan, Azerbayca n ve Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r kuvvet komutanlar\u0131 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 bildirisinde; \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlarda bar\u0131\u015f, istikrar\u0131n ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fin korunmas\u0131, alanlar\u0131ndaki i\u015fbirli\u011fi stratejilerinin belirlendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu zirveye \u00d6zbekistan ve K\u0131rg\u0131zistan kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcm bu olumsuzluklara ra\u011fmen, Avrasya&#39;da k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir askeri m\u00fccadele ve Rusya da oyunculardan biri olma rol\u00fcne devam etmektedir. ABD&#39;nin, 7 Ekim 2001&#39;de ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Afganistan operasyonu ile k\u00fcresel m\u00fccadelenin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6lgede \u00fcs yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.  <\/p>\n<p> Orta Asya&#39;daki bu satran\u00e7 oyununda, Rusya b\u00fcy\u00fck oyundaki ikinci kalesini Rus-Tacik ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flayarak s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ruslar\u0131n hamleleri \u015f\u00f6yledir.  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>23 Ekim 2003&#39;de K\u0131rg\u0131zistan&#39;da Kant&#39;ta,<\/li>\n<li>14 Ekim 2004&#39;de Tacikistan&#39;da yeni birer askeri \u00fcs a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131lan bu \u00fcslerle birlikte Rusya&#39;n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki asker say\u0131s\u0131 20 bine ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Tacik-Afgan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunan \u00fcs de, Rusya 20 kadar sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ve helikopter bulunduracak. Bu \u00fcslerin kullan\u0131m s\u00fcreleri ise devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n ifadelerinde yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Tacikistan&#39;daki Rus \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra, NATO genel sekreteri Jaap de Hoop Scheffer Tacikistan&#39;a giderek, 20 Ekim 2004&#39;de bu \u00fcsle ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde bulunmu\u015ftur.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus Al\u00fcminyum \u015firketi (RUSAL), Tacikistan Y\u00f6netimi ile 700 milyon dolar&#39;l\u0131k bir yat\u0131r\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Rogon hidro enerji santraline 560 milyon dolar&#39;l\u0131k ba\u015fka bir yat\u0131r\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla, y\u0131lda 200 bin ton al\u00fcminyum \u00fcretimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya ayr\u0131ca, Ba\u015fkent Do\u015fembe&#39;nin yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Nurek uzay izleme istasyonunu da alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kazak Baykonur uzay \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Rusya taraf\u0131ndan kiralanmas\u0131ndan sonra at\u0131lan bu ikinci ad\u0131m, Rusya&#39;n\u0131n bu alandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fmedir. Bu \u00fcs 2200 km de konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, 40 bin km y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar olan alandaki hareketleri izleme kabiliyetine sahip \u00f6nemli bir istasyondur. Bat\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131n bunu &quot;Ruslar uzaya bir pencere a\u00e7t\u0131&quot; diye duyurmu\u015ftur.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus ordusunun silahlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc halen teknolojik olarak hantal ve geri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sahip oldu\u011fu k\u0131talar aras\u0131 n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n Rusya&#39;ya kar\u015f\u0131 olabilecek bir askeri m\u00fcdahaleyi cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. Ancak Putin y\u00f6netimi, 10 Ocak 2000 tarihinde de\u011fi\u015ftirilen ve 21 Nisan 2000de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren askeri doktrinde bir t\u00fcr \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Askeri zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n telafisi i\u00e7in n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel tehditler i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 doktrini benimsemi\u015ftir. Beslan olaylar\u0131ndan sonra ise ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nleyici vuru\u015f takti\u011finin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya Federasyonun askeri yap\u0131s\u0131 ve silahl\u0131 kuvvetleri incelendi\u011finde, insan ve silah g\u00fcc\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo bir fikir vermektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 8:<\/strong> Rusya Federasyonu Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetlerinin yap\u0131s\u0131  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Kara Kuvvetleri<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tAsker 321.000 Yedekler 2.500.000 Ana Muharebe Tank\u0131 21.370 Z\u0131rhl\u0131 Muh. Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 29.000 Top20.500 Atak Helikopteri 1.700 \u00c7e\u015fitli Helikopter 1.200,  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Hava Kuvvetleri<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tAsker 184.000 Sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 2.600 \u00c7e\u015fitli nakliye u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 280  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Stratejik ve Uzay Kuvvetleri<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tN\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Personeli 149.000 Roket Kuv. Personelil00.000 Hava Sav. G\u00fc\u00e7. Per\u00adsoneli 21.000 Bombard\u0131man u\u00e7aklar\u0131 74 K\u0131talararas\u0131 Balis. F\u00fcze 740  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>Deniz Kuvvetleri<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tAsker 155.000 Deniz Piyadesi 9.500 Deniz hav G\u00fc\u00e7leri 35.000 Sava Helikopteri 271 U\u00e7ak gemisi 1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<p> \t\t\tKruvaz\u00f6r 7 Destroyer 14 Firkateyn 10 Denizalt\u0131 53 \u00c7e\u015fitli H\u00fccumbot 108 May\u0131n Arma-Tarama Gemileri 72  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> http:\/\/www.globaldefence.net\/index.htm?\u00c7evrimi\u00e7i)7 Mart.2006.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 olan Rusya federasyonu 17 Aral\u0131k 1999 da 1300 say\u0131l\u0131 kararname ile yay\u0131nlanan &quot;Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Konsepti&quot;nde, Rusya Federasyonu askeri kuvvetlerinin genel ve b\u00f6lgesel sava\u015flarda en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revi; t\u00fcm konvansiyonel ve teknolojik g\u00fcc\u00fcn, cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan n\u00fckleer silahlar taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131d\u0131r&quot; ifadesi Rusya&#39;n\u0131n n\u00fckleer silahlara verdi\u011fi \u00f6nem ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Yukar\u0131da da de\u011findi\u011fimiz gibi, yeni nesil taktik n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi de devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilmektir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>T\u00fcrk-Rus ili\u015fkileri<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyay\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Rusya, \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00f6nemli ekonomik ve politik avantajlar sunmaktad\u0131r. Putin&#39;in y\u00f6netiminde gelir seviyesi giderek y\u00fckselen ve IMF k\u0131skac\u0131ndan kurtulmu\u015f bir Rus halk\u0131n\u0131n, tatil i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi se\u00e7mesi turizmimizi geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1990 sonras\u0131 y\u0131llarda \u00fclkemize gelen turist say\u0131s\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Ruslar\u0131n ilk s\u0131ralarda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. 2003 ile 2005 aras\u0131 Rus turistlerin say\u0131s\u0131 600 bin artarak, \u00fclkemize gelen yabanc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k %10 oran\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki toplum aras\u0131ndaki bu t\u00fcr insani ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir ili\u015fkinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bize ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, hatta g\u00fcvenlik ili\u015fkilerinin de alt yap\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir \u015fans sunabilir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi ilk T\u00fcrk-Rus ekonomik ili\u015fkileri Atat\u00fcrk ve Lenin d\u00f6nemlerinde T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. 19401\u0131 y\u0131llarda artarak devam etmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkiler giderek d\u00fczelmekte ve geli\u015fmektedir. \u0130lerideki sat\u0131rlarda bu ekonomik ve ticari ili\u015fkileri biraz daha geni\u015f bir b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.  <\/p>\n<p> SSCB&#39;nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, T\u00fcrkiye ve Rusya aras\u0131nda bir dizi \u00fcst d\u00fczey ziyaretler ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ziyaretlerden bizce en \u00f6nemlisi &quot;Prensip \u0130li\u015fkileri \u00dczerine Anla\u015fma&quot;n\u0131n imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 25-26 Mart 1992 tarihli Ziyarettir. G\u00fcncel ve gelecekteki ili\u015fkiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz eden bu anla\u015fmaya ra\u011fmen 1999 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00c7e\u00e7en ve PKK sorunundan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015f, s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en tarihten sonra kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemlerle ili\u015fkiler tekrar arzulanan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 elde etmeye do\u011fru ilerlemi\u015ftir. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra tarihte ilk kez T\u00fcrkiye ve Rusya art\u0131k ortak bir s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 payla\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak iki \u00fclkenin ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 rekabetin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011fu Kafkasya ve Orta Asya&#39;da hala \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir. K\u0131sa vadede ger\u00e7ek olan bu \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmenin uzun vadede ne getirece\u011finin belirsizli\u011fi de bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u0130ki \u00fclkenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda geli\u015fen ikili ticaretin y\u0131lda % 15-20 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve her y\u0131l 1-1,5 milyon Rus turistin T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi ziyareti, T\u00fcrk \u00f6zel te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn federasyon i\u00e7indeki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 vb. olumlu gidi\u015f \u00fcmitleri art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Ukrayna&#39;n\u0131n Bat\u0131ya kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 enerji kaynaklar\u0131na alternatif iletim hatt\u0131 arayan Putin Karadeniz&#39;deki etkinli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edemiyor. K\u0131br\u0131s Fener patrikhanesi Ege gibi konularda T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi \u00fczmeyen s\u00f6ylemler kullanarak ili\u015fkileri s\u0131cak tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye&#39;deki Bat\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetler bu y\u00f6nelimleri ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 lehimize \u00e7evirecek politikalar\u0131, maalesef\u00a0 geli\u015ftiremiyor.  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcrk Rus ili\u015fkilerinde \u00f6nemli belirleyici konular olarak, b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r ve K\u0131br\u0131s konular\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi daimi \u00fcyesi olan Rusya, adan\u0131n yeniden birle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in  <\/p>\n<p> 2004 Nisan ay\u0131nda oylanan BM referandumunda ezici \u00e7o\u011funlukla hay\u0131r oyu kullanan Ortodoks K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar\u0131n sempatizan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar, BM ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi&#39;ndeki K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin uluslararas\u0131 izolasyonunu sona erdirme \u00e7abalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye, Rusya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Sergei Lavrov&#39;un,\u00a0 \u0130stanbul&#39;da  <\/p>\n<p> 2005 Haziran ay\u0131 ortalar\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen \u0130slam Konferans\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0 (\u0130K\u00d6)\u00a0\u00a0 toplant\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mehmet Ali Talat ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesini bir kenara kaydetmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrk Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n\u0131n 600 ki\u015filik dev heyetle yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu 20005 Moskova ziyaretinde, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Sanayi Odas\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Salih Tunar&#39;\u0131n da yer almas\u0131 manidar olmu\u015ftur. Tunar &quot;K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrkleri ve T\u00fcrkiye olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmden yana oldu\u011fumuzu birlikte anlatmak yararl\u0131 olabilir&quot; demi\u015ftir. Rusya devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Putin 1. \u015eubat 2006 tarihinde Moskova&#39;da d\u00fczenledi\u011fi bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ise,&quot;Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s&#39;\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc konusunda izledi\u011fi politikan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ve takdire \u015fayan oldu\u011funu belirterek, KKTC&#39;nin son d\u00f6nemde aktifle\u015fti\u011fi izleniminin olu\u015ftu\u011funu&quot; s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> (\u00c7e\u00e7enistan konusunda ise:  <\/p>\n<p> a) Rusya, askeri y\u00f6netimlerle ve sadece g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmak suretiyle bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zemeyece\u011fini art\u0131k anlamal\u0131 ve Putin&#39;in olumlu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na destek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> b) ABD ve \u0130srail&#39;in g\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcnde olan ve Rusya-T\u00fcrkiye ili\u015fkilerini bozmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan Taliban tipi radikal \u0130slamc\u0131 militanlar\u0131n \u00c7e\u00e7enistan sorununu istismar\u0131na ve halk\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131; ortak \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> c) \u00c7e\u00e7enistan&#39;\u0131n i\u00e7i\u015flerinde tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kalmas\u0131, dini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimli\u011fine, ekonomik ve demokratik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc imkan ve f\u0131rsat tan\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. M.\u00c7.)  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>F. G\u00fclen Okullar\u0131 da iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki bir ba\u015fka sorunu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Putin y\u00f6netimi, Rusya&#39;da faaliyet g\u00f6steren Bat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131 (ve Siyonist sermaye destekli) sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin mali kaynak ve siyasi etkinliklerini k\u0131s\u0131tlayan yasalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koymas\u0131ndan bir s\u00fcre sonra G\u00fclen&#39;in okullar\u0131nda Bat\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirilen pek \u00e7ok y\u00f6netici ve \u00f6\u011fretmeni s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etmeye hatta bu okullar\u0131 kapatmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu okullar\u0131n \u00fclkenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim verdiklerinin saptand\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanarak okulda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin ABD ve \u0130ngiltere ad\u0131na ajanl\u0131k yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve darbe giri\u015fimlerine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2006 \u015eubat ba\u015flar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan bilgilere g\u00f6re;2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri G\u00fclen&#39;e ait 16 okulun kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Ba\u015fkurdistan&#39;da 10 \u00f6\u011fretmenin s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmesiyle ba\u015flayan tasfiye say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda 50 ye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.2004 de T\u00fcrkiye&#39;ye gelen Putin&#39;in bu konuyu en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde dile getirdi\u011fi bilinmektedir<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>T\u0131pk\u0131 sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin faaliyet ve mali kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na alma konusunda yasa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, G\u00fclen okullar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda da Rusya Federasyonunun bu giri\u015fimlerinin bir s\u00fcre sonra Orta Asya T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetlerinde de yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n olaca\u011f\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcrk-Rus enerji ili\u015fkilerinde olaylar\u0131n geli\u015fimi \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u00dclkemiz ilk Rus gaz\u0131n\u0131, 1987&#39;de SSCB&#39;den almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerdeki hava kirlili\u011fine acil \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir ihtiya\u00e7 olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Al\u0131nan miktarlar y\u0131ll\u0131k olarak \u00f6nce 6 milyar m3, sonra 8, sonra da 14 milyar m3e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda devreye \u00f6zel \u015firketlerin girmesiyle birlikte, her 1000 m3 \u00fcn fiyat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n 12 dolar \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmas\u0131, usuls\u00fczl\u00fck ve yolsuzluk tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Bilindi\u011fi gibi, iki eski bakan ve dolayl\u0131 olarak bir ba\u015fbakan(mesut Y\u0131lmaz) bu konuda y\u00fcce divanda yarg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ve y\u00fcksek fiyat\u0131n \u00f6nlemesi i\u00e7in, \u00fclkemiz Rus gaz\u0131na alternatif Cezayir&#39;den s\u0131v\u0131 gaz al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ran ile de bir gazal\u0131m anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, tam bu d\u00f6nemde Azerbaycan ve T\u00fcrkmenistan&#39;dan, Rusya&#39;dan daha ucuz gaz al\u0131nabilecek iken d\u00f6nemin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti maalesef daha geni\u015f al\u0131m i\u00e7in Rus gaz\u0131na ve tekrar mavi ak\u0131ma y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir.(Ecevit-Bah\u00e7eli H\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Milli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131m\u0131za tamamen ayk\u0131r\u0131 bu tav\u0131rlar\u0131na ak\u0131l ermemi\u015ftir.) Bu suretle, 14 milyar m3 Rus gaz\u0131 25 y\u0131l i\u00e7in anla\u015fmaya ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, % 67 oran\u0131nda Rus gaz\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale gelinmi\u015ftir. Milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k gaz\u0131 &quot;al ya da \u00f6de&quot; y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131na, TBMM&#39;de uluslar aras\u0131 yasa haline getirilerek, ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f, almadan ve kullanmadan \u00f6demek zorunlulu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc, 15-16 milyar m3 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Azeri gaz\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ise 6.6 milyar m3 e indirmek zorunda kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mavi ak\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hala devam etmekte olup, bu durum \u015f\u00fcphesiz iki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerine zarar vermektedir. Hi\u00e7 gere\u011fi yokken, araya devletler d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki akt\u00f6rlerin girmesi, T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi b\u00fcy\u00fck zarara u\u011fratmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakan Tayip Erdo\u011fan&#39;\u0131n 2005 deki son Rusya gezisinde, bu t\u00fcr \u015firket kay\u0131rmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na devam edilmekte oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu c\u00fcmleden olarak Ruslar\u0131n, &quot;baz\u0131 Rus \u015firketlere T\u00fcrkiye&#39;de ihalesiz i\u015f verilmesi dayatmalar\u0131, Rus gaz\u0131n\u0131n, depolanmadan \u0130srail&#39;e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131&quot; gibi isteklerini g\u00fcndeme getirdikleri kamuoyuna yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu olumsuz geli\u015fmelerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Pamir&#39;in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yledir. \u015eirket \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 yerine ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmesi gerekmektedir. Gerek ABD ve AB, gerekse Rusya ve \u0130srail bize dan\u0131\u015fmadan g\u0131yab\u0131m\u0131zda &quot;rol bi\u00e7erek&quot; olu\u015fturulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan &quot;b\u00fcy\u00fck oyuna&quot; fig\u00fcran de\u011fil de, ba\u015frol oyuncusu olarak girmenin yolu; ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde tutan, bilgili elit kadrolar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle Rusya ile bu temelde i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in \u015fartt\u0131r. Rus do\u011fal gaz\u0131n\u0131n, Avrupa ve \u0130srail&#39;e T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinden ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki muhtemel projelerdendir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>T\u00fcrk-Rus ticareti A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla mal m\u00fcbadelesi olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. \u0130thalat\u0131m\u0131zda enerji \u00f6zellikle do\u011fal gaz \u00f6nemli bir paya sahiptir. Enerji ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fini devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakacak olan, Rusya-T\u00fcrkiye- Suriye- \u0130srail do\u011fal gaz boru hatt\u0131 projesi ile G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Avrupa enerji nakil hatt\u0131 projesi, T\u00fcrk-Rusya ticari ili\u015fkilerine yeni potansiyel g\u00fc\u00e7 katabilecektir. Yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi, Rus Petrol, Gaz ve K\u00f6m\u00fcr rezervleri \u00fclkenin d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda etkin bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu politikalarla, Eski Sovyet Cumhuriyetlerindeki ABD&#39;nin &quot;renkli devrimlerine&quot; kar\u015f\u0131 Rusya; \u00c7in, Hindistan, \u0130ran, Pakistan ve T\u00fcrkiye ile i\u015fbirli\u011fini art\u0131rarak, kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fumlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye, T\u00fcrk-Rus i\u015fbirli\u011finin yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fu gibi baz\u0131 politikac\u0131, i\u015fadamlar\u0131 ve \u015firketlerin y\u00f6nlendirmesine, izin vermemelidir. Son zamanlarda Avrasya&#39;da bir\u00e7ok mevzii kaybeden Rusya ise bu ili\u015fkileri, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmelere ve iki \u00fclkenin uzun s\u00fcreli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n planda tutuldu\u011fu bir tarzda geli\u015ftirmelidir.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Ancak bu i\u015fbirli\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcrkiye&#39;nin Kafkaslar, Balkanlar ve Orta Asya ile tarihi ba\u011flar\u0131, her d\u00f6nemde Rusya ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. Kafkaslar\u0131, Orta Asya&#39;y\u0131 arka bah\u00e7e olarak g\u00f6ren Rusya, T\u00fcrkiye&#39;nin b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleriyle ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmesini zaman zaman kendi aleyhine de\u011ferlendirmekte ve tepki g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00dclkemizin BTC (Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Ceyhan) petrol boru hatt\u0131 projesinde oldu\u011fu gibi, b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkelerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131 da Rusya&#39;y\u0131 rahats\u0131z etmi\u015f olan bir durumdur.  <\/p>\n<p> T\u00fcrk Rus ili\u015fkilerinde; son 32 y\u0131l aradan sonra, Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde Putin&#39;in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu 2004 ziyaretiyle;  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kafkasya ve Orta Asya&#39;da n\u00fcfuz(etkinlik) yar\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Petrol Boru hatlar\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcrcistan&#39;daki i\u00e7 sorunlar<\/li>\n<li>Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f ve Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ki halk aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konular\u0131 iki \u00fclke yetkililerinin g\u00fcndemini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> T\u00fcrk Ba\u015fbakan\u0131&#39;n\u0131n son ziyaret s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 konular a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u015fl\u0131klarda toplanabilir.  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tuz g\u00f6l\u00fcnde bir do\u011fal gaz deposu yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Ceyhan&#39;da bir LPG Santral\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Mavi ak\u0131m ile gelen gaz\u0131n \u0130srail&#39;e uzat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ek yat\u0131r\u0131m.<\/li>\n<li>Bota\u015f&#39;a ait gaz ithalat kontratlar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn devir al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya- T\u00fcrkiye Askeri \u0130li\u015fkisi:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya&#39;n\u0131n askeri bak\u0131mdan T\u00fcrkiye ile ili\u015fkilerine de\u011fer verdi\u011fi bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u0130ki \u00fclkenin Kafkaslar ve Orta Asya&#39;da K\u0131s\u0131r bir \u00e7eki\u015fme yerine kal\u0131c\u0131 bir partnerlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile hareket etmeleri daha ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir tutumdur. Rusya NATO&#39;nun Do\u011fuya geni\u015flemesinden endi\u015felenmekte, NATO ile akdetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu anla\u015fmaya kendi isteklerinin eklenmesini de ister bir tutum sergilemektedir.\u00a0\u00a0 Son y\u0131llarda ABD&#39;nin Karadeniz&#39;deki askeri tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye&#39;yi bat\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 kendisine daha yak\u0131n g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> 2002 y\u0131l\u0131 Ocak ay\u0131nda, Rus Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kvashnin&#39;in ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda &quot;Askeri Personelin E\u011fitimi \u00dczerinde \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Askeri Alanda \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00dczerine \u00c7er\u00e7eve Anla\u015fmas\u0131&quot;n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131yla askeri d\u00fczeyde de temaslara ge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> Rus Deniz Kuvvetleri Komutan\u0131 Oramiral Vladmir \u0130vanovi\u00e7 Kuoyedov ve T\u00fcrk meslekta\u015f\u0131 Oramiral \u00d6zden \u00d6rnek&#39;i 7 Aral\u0131k 2004 de ziyaret ederek birlikte, &quot;Karadeniz&#39;in dostluk denizi haline geldi\u011fini, b\u00f6yle kalmas\u0131 ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini&quot; s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. \u0130ki kuvvet komutan\u0131 2006 \u015eubat sonunda tekrar \u0130stanbul&#39;da bir araya gelmi\u015flerdir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>T\u00fcrk Rus ekonomik ve Ticari ili\u015fkileri<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> Rusya ile ekonomik ve ticari ili\u015fkilerimiz Atat\u00fcrk d\u00f6neminden sonra, 1960&#39;l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere artarak devam etmektedir.1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gromiko, bir y\u0131l sonra da Ba\u015fbakan Kosigin&#39;in \u00fclkemizi ziyaretiyle yo\u011funluk kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Al\u0131nan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck faizli krediler ve teknik desteklerle \u00fclkemizin en temel sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden; Seydi\u015fehir Al\u00fcminyum tesisleri, \u0130skenderun Demir \u00c7elik tesisleri, Oymap\u0131nar Hidroelektrik Santrali, Alia\u011fa Petrol Rafinerisi, Band\u0131rma S\u00fclf\u00fcrik Asit Tesisi, Artvin Levha Fabrikas\u0131, \u00c7ay\u0131rova Cam fabrikas\u0131 kurulmu\u015ftur. SSCB&#39;nin da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 1991 de T\u00fcrkiye&#39;nin SSCB&#39;ye olan 400 milyon ihracat\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131rsa: T\u00fcrkiye a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi gibi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme kaydetmi\u015ftir.  <\/p>\n<p> 18 Eyl\u00fcl 1984 tarihli &quot;SSCB&#39;den T\u00fcrkiye&#39;ye Gaz Sevk Edilmesine Dair Anla\u015fma&quot; iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki yat\u0131r\u0131m ve ticaret ili\u015fkilerinin artmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. Anla\u015fma gaz bedelinin %70 inin T\u00fcrkiye&#39;den al\u0131nacak mal ve hizmetlerle \u00f6denmesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc (offset) i\u00e7irmekteydi.  <\/p>\n<p> Bu Sayede, elde edilen gaz kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal ihrac\u0131 uygulamas\u0131, geleneksel T\u00fcrk ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden daha \u00e7ok sanayi mallar\u0131n\u0131n ihrac\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktayd\u0131. Art\u0131k ila\u00e7tan otob\u00fcse deterjanda telefon santraline akla gelebilecek pek \u00e7ok sanayi mal\u0131 Rus pazar\u0131na girmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, yine bu tarihten itibaren Rus in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ise, T\u00fcrk firmalar\u0131n\u0131n projeleri yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak 1994 den sonra Rusya&#39;dan gaz ihracat\u0131 yapan Gazprom \u015firketinin yap\u0131s\u0131nda meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve di\u011fer politik nedenlerle bu offset sistemi aksamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda gaz bedelinin geneli yerine bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00f6nerisi kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u00e7a kabul edilmemi\u015ftir. 1996 da imzalanan Mavi Ak\u0131m Anla\u015fmas\u0131nda ise offset uygulamas\u0131 yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 9:<\/strong>\u00a0 Y\u0131llara G\u00f6re T\u00fcrk Rus ticareti (milyon dolar)  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>YILLAR<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130HRA\u00adCAT (X)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>\u0130THALAT (M)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>X\/M (o\/o)<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>DENGE<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t<strong>HAC\u0130M<\/strong>  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1992  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t441.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,040.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.42  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-598.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,482.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1993  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t504.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,542.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.33  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-1,037.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,047.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1994  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t820.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,046.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.78  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-225.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,866.2  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1995  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,238.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,082.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.60  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-844.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,320.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1996  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,482.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,846.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.80  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-364.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,328.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1997  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,049.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,048.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1.00  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,097.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1998  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,347.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,154.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.63  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-807.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,502.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1999  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t586.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,371.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.25  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-1,785.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,958.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2000  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t643.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,886.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.16  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,242.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,529.9  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2001  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t924.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,435.6  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.26  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-2,511.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,359.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2002  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,163.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,855.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.30  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t-2,692.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5,018.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2003  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,363.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5,420.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.25  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,057.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6,783.7  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2003\/ 10  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,099.0  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,221.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.26  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,122.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5,320.4  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"85\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2004\/ 10  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1,498.3  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t6,946.8  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t0.22  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5,448.5  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t8,445.1  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> D\u0130E  <\/p>\n<p> Tablo 9,Asya krizi nedenilel998 den sonraki \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda ticaretin d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ancak 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra tekrar artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hemen arkas\u0131ndan gelen \u00fclkemizdeki 2001 kriziyle adet dura\u011fanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,2004 \u00fcn ilk on ay\u0131 itibari ile ise, 1999&#39;a g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 kat artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> &#160; <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Tablo 10:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye&#39;nin Bavul Ticareti Gelirleri  <\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1996  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t8,842,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1997  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t5,849,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1998  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,689,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t1999  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,255,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2000  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2,944,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2001  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,040,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2002  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t4,068,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2003  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,953,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2003 ilk \/ 11 ay  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,599,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t2004ilk\/ Hay  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"323\" valign=\"top\">\n<p> \t\t\t3,704,000,000 USD  \t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p> <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> T.C. Merkez Bankas\u0131  <\/p>\n<p> Resmi ticarettekine benzer bir durumu bavul ticaretinde de g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Burada da 1996 ya g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.5 oran\u0131nda bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fte Asya krizinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka nedenler de vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktalarda toplayabiliriz:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ruslar\u0131n ba\u015fka pazarlara y\u00f6nelmeleri,<\/li>\n<li>\u0130MF DT\u00d6 n\u00fc Rusya&#39;da bu ticarete s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Bavul ile ticareti yap\u0131lan mallar\u0131n Rusya&#39;da \u00fcretilmesi,<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f6viz kurlar\u0131nda meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fmeler,<\/li>\n<li>Daha kaliteli mallar\u0131n Rus pazar\u0131na girmi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde m\u00fcteahhitlik hizmetleri ilk s\u0131rada bulunmaktad\u0131r.1994 Nisan\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar T\u00fcrk in\u015fat firmalar\u0131, 13.2 dolarl\u0131k toplam 785 proje \u00fcslenmi\u015flerdir. 1998-1999 kriz d\u00f6neminde 100 milyon dolar seviyesine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Son y\u0131llarda Rusya ekonomisindeki canlanma ile bu sekt\u00f6rdeki T\u00fcrk yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 tekrar artm\u0131\u015f ve 2003 de 1.050 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  <\/p>\n<p> Ko\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 Enka ile Rusya&#39;da 1997 den bu yana yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yapmaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda say\u0131s\u0131 50&#39;ye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f Ramstore ma\u011fazas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Rus \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Olanaklar\u0131 d\u00fcnyada de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re artabilecektir. \u00d6zellikle AB ve ABD&#39;nin dayatmalar\u0131 devam ettik\u00e7e, yeni politika aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelecektir. Rusya ile kurulacak ortakl\u0131k \u00f6nemli bir se\u00e7enek olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in Rusya&#39;n\u0131n Avrupa merkezli ve etkili politikalardan, T\u00fcrkiye&#39;nin de Kafkasya ve Orta Asya politikalar\u0131na etki eden g\u00fc\u00e7lerin y\u00f6nlendirmesinden kurtulmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir.  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Sonu\u00e7ta \u015funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr T\u00fcrkiye ve Rusya federasyonunun iyi planlanm\u0131\u015f ve kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir Avrasya platformunda, aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilere g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke etki ve y\u00f6nlendirmelerinden soyutlanarak, bir i\u015fbirli\u011fine gitmeleri her zaman m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.&quot;<\/strong> <a name=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"#_ftn1\" title=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>  <\/p>\n<p> \u00a0  <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p> <a name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"#_ftnref1\" title=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Jeopolitik Dergisi  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Rusya Siyonizmden Rahats\u0131z:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>&quot;Bu sava\u015f \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131&quot; diyen Rusya eski Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Primakov:<\/strong>  <\/p>\n<p> <strong>Kaybeden \u0130srail ve yanda\u015flard\u0131r!.. <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p> Eski SSCB ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f Rusya&#39;n\u0131n gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015f en \u00fcnl\u00fc politikac\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lan Yevgeniy Primakov, bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131 i\u00e7in Ortado\u011fu&#39;da olu\u015fan son durumu de\u011ferlendirdi.  <\/p>\n<p> Bir zamanlar D\u0131\u015f \u0130stihbarat Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131, D\u0130\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 ve Ba\u015fbakan gibi g\u00f6revleri \u00fcstlenen ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise Rusya Ticaret ve Sanayi Odas\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte olan Yevgeniy Primakov, son zamanlar t\u0131rmanan Ortado\u011fu krizi nedeniyle \u0130srail ve ABD&#39;yi sert bir dille ele\u015ftirdi. L\u00fcbnan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail&#39;in Ortado\u011fu krizini tek ba\u015f\u0131na ve kimseyle anla\u015fmaya varmadan \u00e7\u00f6zme giri\u015fiminin do\u011fal bir sonucu oldu\u011funu belirten Yevgeniy Primakov, &quot;Kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n menfaatini dikkate almadan tek ba\u015f\u0131na soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma giri\u015fimi h\u00fcsranla sonu\u00e7lanmaya mahkumdur&quot; dedi.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[283,284,285,286],"class_list":["post-18","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ekim-2006","tag-putin","tag-rusya","tag-islam","tag-islam-dunyasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}