{"id":18422,"date":"2024-04-23T20:52:51","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T17:52:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/?p=18422"},"modified":"2024-10-20T21:48:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T18:48:46","slug":"koleligi-islam-kurumsallastirmamis-tedricen-ortadan-kaldirmistir-hala-bazi-ayetlere-kole-ve-cariye-diye-mana-verenler-iftira-atmaktadir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/koleligi-islam-kurumsallastirmamis-tedricen-ortadan-kaldirmistir-hala-bazi-ayetlere-kole-ve-cariye-diye-mana-verenler-iftira-atmaktadir\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6leli\u011fi, \u0130slam Kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f; <br>TEDR\u0130CEN ORTADAN KALDIRMI\u015eTIR<br> H\u00e2l\u00e2 baz\u0131 ayetlere \u201cK\u00f6le ve Cariye\u201d diye mana verenler, iftira atmaktad\u0131r!"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"18422\" class=\"elementor elementor-18422\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1accc564 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1accc564\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fdfe2f5\" data-id=\"1fdfe2f5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4af2594c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4af2594c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u00f6leli\u011fi, \u0130slam Kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f; <br>TEDR\u0130CEN ORTADAN KALDIRMI\u015eTIR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f3eb593 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f3eb593\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e2l\u00e2 baz\u0131 ayetlere \u201cK\u00f6le ve Cariye\u201d diye mana verenler, iftira atmaktad\u0131r!<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51c6407d elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"51c6407d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"> <div class=\"lyte-wrapper-audio\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;height:38px;margin:5px auto;\"><div class=\"lyMe lyte-audio\" id=\"WYL_7Qf5r75u7ng\"><div id=\"lyte_7Qf5r75u7ng\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F7Qf5r75u7ng%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/7Qf5r75u7ng\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F7Qf5r75u7ng%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"18\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px auto;\"><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-768d500c satir-basi siyah-link elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"768d500c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Sn. A. R\u0131za Demircan\u2019\u0131n; sanki, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de ya\u015fanacak ve tabi mecbur ve me\u015fru say\u0131lacak <em>sava\u015flar sonucu esir al\u0131nan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n CAR\u0130YE yap\u0131labilece\u011fi<\/em> gibi yanl\u0131\u015f bir kanaat uyand\u0131ran yakla\u015f\u0131m ve yorumlar\u0131, dayanaks\u0131zd\u0131r ve sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tav\u0131r <em>&#8220;\u0130slam\u2019da K\u00f6lelik ve CAR\u0130YEL\u0130K\u201d<\/em> kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131r. Oysa K\u00f6lelik ve Cariyelik, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid d\u00f6neminde 1847&#8217;de yay\u0131mlanan fermanla resmen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda Milletler Cemiyeti\u2019nce yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Asl\u0131nda k\u00f6lelik ve cariyeli\u011fin bu y\u0131llara kadar caiz say\u0131lmas\u0131 ve fiilen uygulanmas\u0131 da insanl\u0131k ad\u0131na bir ay\u0131pt\u0131r ve ma\u011fdurlar hesab\u0131na ac\u0131 bir kay\u0131pt\u0131r. Madem \u0130slam, K\u00f6lelik-Cariyelik uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 tedricen ve bir ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci i\u00e7erisinde kald\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, \u00f6yle ise en fazla birka\u00e7 as\u0131r sonra k\u00f6kten yasaklanmas\u0131 gerekirken, 1300 sene sonra bile uygulanmas\u0131 elbette bir suistimal ve istismar ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r. Maalesef g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri ve m\u00fcfessirlerinin bile haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 Meal ve Tefsirlerde h\u00e2l\u00e2 baz\u0131 ayetlerde ge\u00e7en: <\/strong><strong><em>\u201cMa Meleket Eyman\u00fck\u00fcm\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> (Sa\u011f ellerinizin malik ve sahip olduklar\u0131) kavram\u0131n\u0131n, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fccretle istihdam edilen i\u015f\u00e7i-memur stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki kimselere m\u00fcnasip d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halde, tamamen haks\u0131z ve dayanaks\u0131z olarak <\/strong><strong><em>\u201cK\u00f6leler ve Cariyeler\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> olarak manaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcne de insan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir yanl\u0131\u015f ve yan\u0131lg\u0131d\u0131r. Bizans ve \u0130ran ba\u015fta, o \u00e7a\u011fda t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada uygulanagelen K\u00f6lelik Kurumunu; hem i\u015flenen baz\u0131 su\u00e7lara kefaret olarak, hem de ahiret sevab\u0131 olarak te\u015fvikte bulunarak, tedricen (peyderpey) kald\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u0130SLAM&#8217;\u0131n ruhuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Buna ra\u011fmen yazar\u0131n baz\u0131 tespit ve tahlilleri \u00fczerinde durmak, do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131 onaylamak, yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 uyarmak laz\u0131md\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n indirilmekte oldu\u011fu Hz. Peygamber devri toplumunda, cahiliyet d\u00f6neminden intikal eden erkek ve kad\u0131n k\u00f6leler vard\u0131. <\/strong><strong><em>\u0130slam<\/em><\/strong><strong> <em>Sava\u015f Esirli\u011fi Sistemi<\/em> <\/strong><strong>olu\u015furken hen\u00fcz kald\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olan bu cahiliyet d\u00f6nemi uygulamalar\u0131 da devam ediyor; k\u00f6le al\u0131m sat\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slam literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde, Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6nemine ili\u015fkin olarak yer alan k\u00f6lelere y\u00f6nelik uygulamalar, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi cahiliyet d\u00f6neminden intikal eden bu k\u00f6lelerle ilgilidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130slami d\u00f6nemde me\u015fru sava\u015flar sonucu al\u0131nan esirlerin hi\u00e7birisi k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. \u00dcstelik k\u0131sa s\u00fcreler i\u00e7inde de \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine kavu\u015fturulmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130nsan \u00fczerinde il\u00e2hla\u015fma say\u0131lan ve \u0130slam taraf\u0131ndan mahk\u00fbm edilen k\u00f6lelik, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde m\u00fctekabiliyet yoluyla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Yaln\u0131zca Allah&#8217;a kullu\u011fa y\u00f6nlendiren \u0130slam, kendisi kurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakat zul\u00fcmlerine tan\u0131kl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/strong><strong><em>\u201ckullara kulluk d\u00fczeni\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> olan <\/strong><strong>k\u00f6leli\u011fi<\/strong><strong>, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu <\/strong><strong><em>\u0130slam Sava\u015f Esirli\u011fi Sistemi<\/em><\/strong><strong> ile k\u00f6kten yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O, kurdu\u011fu sistem gere\u011fi me\u015fru harp sonucunda esirler al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve gere\u011finde \u0130slami y\u00f6netimce sava\u015fan m\u00fccahidlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fta ihtiyari g\u00f6revler, kefaretler, cezalar, zek\u00e2t, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, akdi kitabet ve evlendirme olmak \u00fczere y\u00fckledi\u011fi imani, ahl\u00e2ki ve hukuki g\u00f6revlerle esirlerin sal\u0131verilmesini en b\u00fcy\u00fck hay\u0131r ve hizmetlerden saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Cariyeler, ge\u00e7ici stat\u00fcl\u00fc kad\u0131n harp esirleridir.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Onlarla m\u00fclkiyet yoluyla asla ili\u015fkiye girilemez. Esaretleri s\u00fcresince cariyelerle cinsel ili\u015fkiye girilmesini yasaklayan \u0130slam, onlarla belirledi\u011fi \u015fartlar i\u00e7inde evlenilmesini caiz saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Evlendirilmelerini ise te\u015fvik edip sayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slam Toplumu&#8217;nun olu\u015fmas\u0131ndaki ilk a\u015famada; kamunun veya \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n malik oldu\u011fu ehl-i kitap ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman namuslu cariyelerle ancak bek\u00e2r veya dul olup da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlarla evlenmeye g\u00fc\u00e7 yetiremeyen erkeklerin evlenmesine izin \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Evlenmek i\u00e7in; malikin ve cariyenin izninin al\u0131nmas\u0131, cariyenin kendisine \u201cmehir\u201d verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve ki\u015finin zinaya d\u00fc\u015fme ihtimalinin de bulunmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde; ki\u015finin kendi cariyesiyle ili\u015fkiye girebilmesi i\u00e7in onunla nik\u00e2hlanmas\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in de bek\u00e2r veya dul olmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca Yetkili Merci\u2019den izin al\u0131p cariye \u00fczerindeki m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 mehir olarak ortaya koymas\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fulmaktad\u0131r. Cinsel ili\u015fki m\u00fclkiyet bedeli olaca\u011f\u0131ndan zifaf sonras\u0131nda cariye art\u0131k h\u00fcr olmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Kur&#8217;an&#8217;a ve S\u00fcnnet&#8217;e g\u00f6re, bu ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar \u00fczerine cariyeler nik\u00e2hlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, cariyeler \u00fczerine de h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar nik\u00e2hlanamaz. Bir di\u011fer anlat\u0131mla, h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlarla cariyeler nik\u00e2h yoluyla da olsa ayn\u0131 erkekle birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olamaz.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Bu sebeple h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar \u00fczerine, cinsel ili\u015fkiye girilebilecek -de\u011fil diledi\u011fimiz kadar- bir tek cariye edinebilmek bile imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>K\u00f6lelik ve cariyeli\u011fin tedricen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde; h\u00fcr M\u00fcsl\u00fcman erkekler, ehl-i kitap ve tercihen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, namuslu cariyelerle evlenebildi\u011fi gibi, h\u00fcr M\u00fcsl\u00fcman namuslu kad\u0131nlar da ba\u015fkalar\u0131 veya kendilerine ait M\u00fcsl\u00fcman iffetli erkek esirlerle evlenebilir. Mehiri; erkek esirin kendisi, maliki ve di\u011fer \u015fah\u0131slar veya kurumlar verebilir. H\u00fcr kad\u0131n, alaca\u011f\u0131 mehirini, bizzat kendisi de \u00f6deyebilir.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u015eu ama\u00e7lar, uygun ve uygar ad\u0131mlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>I- K\u00f6lelik ve odal\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n etraf\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan ve kafalara, imanlara ku\u015fku salan \u015f\u00fcpheleri gidermek\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>II- \u0130slam \u00e2limlerinin -bilerek veya bilmeyerek- tarihsel \u015fartlar i\u00e7inde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n, \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131 de\u011fil yaln\u0131zca kendilerini ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabullenmek&#8230; Gelene\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle savunmak konumunda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bilmek\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>III- \u0130slam&#8217;a, Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n sarih (a\u00e7\u0131k) ayetlerine ve Resulullah\u2019\u0131n sahih hadislerine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak ko\u015fuluyla, temel insan haklar\u0131na, akli ve vicdani esaslara g\u00f6re yorum getirmek&#8230;<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>IV- Kur&#8217;an\u2019da yer alan <\/strong><strong><em>\u201cAbd, Eme, Ma Meleket Eyman\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> ve <\/strong><strong><em>\u201cRakabe\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> gibi kavramlar\u0131 yerli yerinde anlay\u0131p de\u011ferlendirmek, esirlik ile k\u00f6lelik aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 bilmek ve ilgili ayetleri gere\u011fince meallendirmek. B\u00f6ylece k\u00f6lelik ve odal\u0131k d\u00fczenini mahk\u00fbm eden \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n Sava\u015f Esirli\u011fi Sistemi&#8217;ni insanl\u0131\u011fa sundu\u011funu ve bu sistemin K\u0131yamet G\u00fcn\u00fc&#8217;ne kadar ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu bilmek&#8230; K\u0131saca art\u0131k k\u00f6lelik ve cariyeli\u011fin \u0130slam\u2019da hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde yeri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabullenmek\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>V- \u0130slam dininin k\u00f6leler\/esirler i\u00e7in bile onay vermedi\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131n ve cinsel istismarlar\u0131n, Kur&#8217;ani ve Nebevi \u00f6\u011fretilere dayand\u0131r\u0131lma giri\u015fimleri ge\u00e7ersizdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlarla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcm ve haberler, daim\u00ee de\u011fil ge\u00e7ici \u00f6zelliklidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>VI- \u015eefkat, merhamet ve adalet dini olan \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n, geleneksel k\u00f6lelik gibi onunla ayn\u0131 zalim ruhu ta\u015f\u0131yan modern k\u00f6leli\u011fi de reddetti\u011fini insanlar\u0131n bilgisine arz etmektir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slam, K\u00f6lelik ve Cariyeli\u011fi tedricen yasaklamak hususunda \u015fu esaslar\u0131 kuralla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>a- \u0130slam dini, tarihten ve cahiliyet toplumundan devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6leli\u011fi, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc insanc\u0131l kurallar\u0131 olan <\/strong><strong><em>&#8220;\u0130slam Sava\u015f Esirli\u011fi Sistemi\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong>ni kurarak <\/strong><strong><em>&#8220;kuramsal ve kurumsal\u201d<\/em><\/strong><strong> olarak yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>b- Ba\u015fta hadis ve siyer kaynaklar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere \u0130slam literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde, Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6nemine ili\u015fkin olarak yer alan k\u00f6lelikle al\u00e2kal\u0131 uygulamalar, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi cahiliyet d\u00f6neminden intikal eden k\u00f6lelerle al\u00e2kal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6leler k\u00f6ktenci bir kararla azat edilmemi\u015f, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde kazanmalar\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>c- Kurdu\u011fu &#8220;Sava\u015f Esirli\u011fi Sistemi&#8221; ile \u0130slam, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc k\u0131r\u0131lmadan ve stratejik hedefleri bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmadan, ganimet ama\u00e7l\u0131 esir al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamakta, ve bu konuda da insani, ahl\u00e2ki ve hukuki kurallar koymaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte o, genelde me\u015fru sava\u015f sonucu esir al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 yasalla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130slam, esirlerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini, k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmelerini ve odal\u0131k olarak al\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 asla onaylamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z veya fidye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 esas alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>d- \u0130nsan \u00fczerinde bir nevi il\u00e2hla\u015fma say\u0131lan ve \u0130slam taraf\u0131ndan tedricen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lan k\u00f6lelik, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde m\u00fctekabiliyet yoluyla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>e- Cariyeler k\u00f6le yap\u0131lamayacaklar\u0131 gibi, uzun s\u00fcre esirler olarak da tutulamayacaklar\u0131 kesinlik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130slam, ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde; onlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine kavu\u015fturulmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in, zek\u00e2t gelirlerinden fon ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, onlarla \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 (Kitabet) emretmi\u015f, \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirici cezalar ve kefaretler belirlemi\u015f ve putperest olmay\u0131p ehl-i kitap ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olanlar\u0131 ile evlili\u011fi onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>f- Cariyelerle; esir alma veya esir al\u0131p k\u00f6le yapma yoluyla ili\u015fkiye girilmesi yasakt\u0131r. \u0130li\u015fki i\u00e7in tek yol evlilik nik\u00e2h\u0131d\u0131r. Kur&#8217;an, onlarla evlili\u011fi \u015fartlara ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde nik\u00e2h yoluyla da olsa, h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlarla evlenebilecek olanlar\u0131n, cariyelerle evlenmeleri haramd\u0131r. H\u00fcrlerle cariyelerin birbirlerine kuma edilmeleri imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde, ki\u015filere; ba\u015fkalar\u0131na ve kamuya ait cariye ile evlenebilece\u011fi gibi, kendi cariyesiyle de evlenebilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131na da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman esiri ile evlenebilme yolu a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Evlilikte cariyelerin onay\u0131 da gerekli say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>g- \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde bile, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman cariyeler de h\u00fcr M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nlar gibi asil birer insan say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130slam&#8217;a aidiyeti yans\u0131tan ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri belirlenen giysilerle \u00f6rt\u00fcnmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutulmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>h- O ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde; genelde b\u00fct\u00fcn cariyeler \u00f6zelde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman cariyeler, ticari yat\u0131r\u0131m ve al\u0131m-sat\u0131m konusu yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dczerlerinde tasarrufa yetkili maliklerinin fidye haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in ancak fidyelerine ili\u015fkin devir i\u015flemleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devir i\u015flemlerinin s\u00fcrekli hale getirilmesi esirleri k\u00f6lele\u015ftirme say\u0131l\u0131r ve k\u00f6lele\u015ftirme de b\u00fcy\u00fck haramlardand\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>I- B\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar Allah&#8217;a kullukla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler. \u0130nanma ve inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re ya\u015fama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahiptirler. K\u0131s\u0131tlanan istisnai baz\u0131 haklar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda cariyelerin temel haklar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcktedir. \u00d6zellikle vicdan ve din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri dokunulmazd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>i- <em>\u201cCariyeler k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilemeyecek ve odal\u0131k edinilemeyecek sava\u015f esirleri konumundad\u0131r. Sava\u015flar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece cariyeler gelecekte de var olacakt\u0131r\u201d<\/em> diyen yazar yan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu hem \u0130slam f\u0131trat\u0131na hem temel insan haklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00f6lelik ve cariyelik art\u0131k tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u015euras\u0131 asla unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki; k\u00f6leli\u011fi icat eden, \u0130slam olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00f6lelik \u0130slam\u2019dan \u00f6nce de vard\u0131, \u0130slam, bu insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulaman\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc kurutma yollar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Hizmet almadan, esirleri s\u00fcrekli hapiste tutmak da mant\u0131\u011fa uymayacak bir davran\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O s\u0131rada ve o \u015fartlarda esirlerin k\u00f6le olarak istihdam\u0131, asl\u0131nda esirlerin can\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak manas\u0131n\u0131 da ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>H\u00e2lbuki k\u00f6lelik kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130slam toplumlar\u0131nda, zaten neredeyse kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gibiydi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slam, hayali idealizm ile kat\u0131 realizm aras\u0131nda bir denge nizam\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n geldi\u011fi d\u00f6nemde k\u00f6leli\u011fin birden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bir\u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara yol a\u00e7ard\u0131. Nitekim efendileri taraf\u0131ndan \u00e2z\u00e2d edilen bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6le, gidecek yer dahi bulamazd\u0131. Bu ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015fluk anar\u015fiye bile yol a\u00e7ard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca k\u00f6lelik, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada uygulanmaktayd\u0131. Onu tek tarafl\u0131 olarak kald\u0131rmak imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131. <\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Ancak \u0130slam; toplumda efendi ve k\u00f6le \u015feklindeki s\u0131n\u0131f fark\u0131n\u0131, bir nevi \u201ckast sistemi\u201dni y\u0131kt\u0131. K\u00f6leli\u011fi tedricen kald\u0131rman\u0131n altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Hazret-i Bil\u00e2l, Habe\u015f as\u0131ll\u0131yd\u0131 ve siyahi idi. Bir g\u00fcn Eb\u00fb Zer -rad\u0131yall\u00e2hu anh- ona bir k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131k an\u0131nda; <em>\u201cEy kara kad\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu!\u201d<\/em> diye hitap etmi\u015fti. Ras\u00fblullah sall\u00e2ll\u00e2hu aleyhi ve sellem Efendimiz, onu a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada;<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><b>\u2022 <\/b>Temiz su ve yeterli g\u0131da bulamayan y\u00fcz binlerce insan, a\u00e7l\u0131k ve peri\u015fanl\u0131k i\u00e7erisinde k\u0131vranmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><b>\u2022 <\/b>Fuh\u015fa zorlanan milyonlarca \u00e7ocuk ve kad\u0131nlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar asl\u0131nda \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f k\u00f6leler konumundad\u0131r. <\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Evet, bug\u00fcn k\u00f6lelik s\u00f6zde kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn modern cahiliyesinde, insanl\u0131k haysiyetine yara\u015f\u0131r bir ya\u015fam ortam\u0131 haz\u0131rlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira kapitalist ve materyalist d\u00fcnya \u00e2deta; <em>\u201cMazlumlar, a\u00e7lar, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz ve \u00e7aresiz insanlar bizlere k\u00f6lelik yaps\u0131nlar!\u201d<\/em> havas\u0131ndad\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Hatta bir \u00f6m\u00fcr bankaya f\u00e2iz borcu \u00f6demeye mahk\u00fbm insanlar\u0131n h\u00e2li de \u201cmodern k\u00f6lelik\u201dten farks\u0131zd\u0131r. Bunlar kendilerini her ne kadar h\u00fcr hissetseler de a\u011f\u0131r fakat gizli boyunduruklar alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Hz. Peygamber (SAV) D\u00f6neminde Kur&#8217;an&#8217;la \u00c7eli\u015fkili Say\u0131lan Baz\u0131 Uygulamalar\u0131 Var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Hay\u0131r ve asla!.. \u00c7eli\u015fkili g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen i\u015flemler asl\u0131nda Kur&#8217;an ve S\u00fcnnet\u2019in kald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 veya d\u00fczeltip do\u011frulttuklar\u0131d\u0131r!<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>S\u00f6z\u00fc edilebilir t\u00fcrden \u00e7eli\u015fkili uygulamalar bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u0130yice incelendi\u011fi zaman g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere onlar, Kur&#8217;an ve S\u00fcnnet taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya tashih edilmi\u015f olan tatbikatlard\u0131r; cahiliyet d\u00f6neminden intikal etmi\u015f olup a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirilmeleri s\u00fcrece b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6lelere ili\u015fkin uygulamalard\u0131r. Bunlar, \u0130slami d\u00f6nemde al\u0131nan ve k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar al\u0131nacak olan sava\u015f esirleri ile ilgili de\u011fildir. Ana konumuzla ilgili olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da say\u0131lacaklar, Kur&#8217;an ve S\u00fcnnet\u2019in kendisinden \u00f6nceki uygulamalar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 veya d\u00fczeltici yeniliklerine \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>a) Daha \u00f6nce; me\u015fru veya gayrime\u015fru sava\u015f sonucu esir al\u0131nabilir ve fidyeleri verilmedi\u011finde esirler k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilebilir durumda iken, \u0130slam; esiri k\u00f6lele\u015ftirme yerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z veya fidye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sal\u0131verme sistemini kurumla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>b) \u0130lk d\u00f6nemde ve ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde Esirli\u011fin\/Cariyeli\u011fin yaln\u0131zca me\u015fru sava\u015f esirli\u011fine inhisar ettirilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve sonra hepsi kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>c) Cahiliye d\u00f6neminde; kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z bir \u015fekilde ili\u015fkiye girilen cariyelerle, \u0130slam\u2019a g\u00f6re iffetli olmalar\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla ve ancak izinli ve mehirli evlilikle ili\u015fkiye girilebilir k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>d) Daha \u00f6nce; sava\u015fta esir d\u00fc\u015fen kad\u0131nlarla ele ge\u00e7irildiklerinde cariye stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde cinsel ili\u015fkiye girilir iken; \u0130slam\u2019da, sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda ve ancak bir \u00e2det d\u00f6nemi veya do\u011fum sonras\u0131nda nik\u00e2h yap\u0131larak ili\u015fki kurulmas\u0131\u2026 Ve yine hamilelik d\u00f6neminde bo\u015fanan (veya esir al\u0131narak bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f konumuna sokulan) kad\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fumdan \u00f6nce nik\u00e2hlanmas\u0131 Kur&#8217;an taraf\u0131ndan yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>e) Eskiden Medine mescidinde bile tan\u0131k olunabilen h\u00fcr ve cariyelere ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz giyim \u015feklinin \u0130slami tesett\u00fcrle disipline edilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>f) Cariye \u00fczerindeki hukuki haklar\u0131n devredilmesinin, onun devir \u00f6ncesindeki e\u015finden bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 manas\u0131na gelirken bunun yasaklanmas\u0131 ve miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6len azatl\u0131 cariyeye, yeni bir d\u00fczenleme ile yaln\u0131zca onu azat edenin varis olabilmesi \u015farta ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>g) H\u00fcr e\u015f varken cariye, cariye varken h\u00fcr e\u015fle nik\u00e2hlan\u0131lamamas\u0131 esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0131) \u00d6len babalar\u0131n h\u00fcr veya cariye olan e\u015fleriyle ve iki k\u0131z karde\u015fle bir arada evlenilebilir iken, bu ahl\u00e2ks\u0131zl\u0131klar Kur&#8217;an&#8217;la yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>B\u00fct\u00fcn bu say\u0131lanlar, Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n ve S\u00fcnnet\u2019in kendisinden \u00f6nceki haks\u0131z ve ahl\u00e2ks\u0131z uygulamalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Bu arada \u00f6neminden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc yeniliklerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bakara, Nisa, Nur ve Ahz\u00e2b Sureleri\u2019nin Hicretin 5-7 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, hatta Nisa Suresi\u2019nin 24. ayeti gibi baz\u0131 ayetlerin ise Hicri 8. y\u0131lda Huneyn Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda indirildi\u011fini, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla esirler konusundaki ink\u0131lab\u0131n ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fini ve konulan genel prensiplerle yetinildi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f olal\u0131m. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki \u0130slam bilginleri, zaruret sebebiyle somut \u00f6rneklerden \u00e7ok, ayetlerin laf\u0131zlar\u0131ndan hareketle i\u00e7tihat yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130lahi ve Evrensel bir Din i\u00e7in do\u011frusu da b\u00f6yle davranmakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>-Do\u011frular\u0131 en iyi bilen Allah&#8217;t\u0131r- diyor, s\u00f6z\u00fc Allah&#8217;\u0131n Resul\u00fcn\u00fcn hayat\u0131m\u0131za rehber edinmemiz gereken uyar\u0131s\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131yoruz:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slam&#8217;da kitabet s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapan ilk kad\u0131n olan Berire olay\u0131nda, azat edilecek ki\u015finin, varisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sonras\u0131nda ona kimlerin varis olabilece\u011fi ile ilgili \u015fartlar konulmak istenmesi \u00fczerine Allah&#8217;\u0131n Resul\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><em>\u201cBaz\u0131 insanlara ne oluyor da Allah&#8217;\u0131n Kitab\u0131&#8217;nda olmayan \u015fartlar ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar? Say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcze ula\u015fsa da Allah&#8217;\u0131n Kitab\u0131nda yer almayan \u015fartlar b\u00e2t\u0131ld\u0131r. Allah&#8217;\u0131n Kitab\u0131 uygulanmaya, Allah&#8217;\u0131n \u015fart\u0131 da g\u00fcvenilip dayan\u0131lmaya daha uygundur!&#8221; <a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Salat ve selam \u00fczerine olsun. Peygamberimiz bir di\u011fer hadislerinde de \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><em>&#8220;Benden size bir s\u00f6z\/h\u00fck\u00fcm iletilirse onu Allah&#8217;\u0131n Kitab\u0131&#8217;na sunun. Ona uygunsa kabul edin. De\u011filse reddedin!&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki al\u0131nt\u0131lar da \u00f6nemli saptamalard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u201cOsmanl\u0131&#8217;da ise; z\u0131har, yemin ve oru\u00e7 kefaretlerinde azat edilecek k\u00f6lenin &#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmas\u0131n\u0131&#8221; arayan \u015eafi\u00ee g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yerine, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan k\u00f6lenin de azad\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6ren Ebu Hanife&#8217;nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve yine ceninin annesine t\u00e2bi oldu\u011fu, annesi azat edilince, \u00e7ocu\u011fun da h\u00fcr oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeki Hanefi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130slam geldi\u011finde nas\u0131l ki, n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli bir oran\u0131n\u0131 -say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz- k\u00f6leler te\u015fkil ediyorsa; Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n fethetti\u011fi yerler de a\u015fa\u011f\u0131-yukar\u0131 bu durumdayd\u0131. Dini ilk benimseyenler k\u00f6leler oldu\u011fu gibi, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Rumeli\u2019deki f\u00fctuhat\u0131n\u0131n temelinde, onun adaletli yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve insanc\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Cevdet Pa\u015fa&#8217;n\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi, <em>&#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131kta; k\u00f6le almak, k\u00f6le olmak\u201d<\/em> say\u0131lacak kadar a\u011f\u0131r sorumluluk say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u00d6nceki hukukumuzda k\u00f6lelik, &#8220;cebri h\u00fck\u00fcm&#8221; de\u011fil &#8220;se\u00e7imlik (alternatif) h\u00fck\u00fcm&#8221; say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, bu se\u00e7imlik h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulamazlarsa, dinlerine-hukuklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranm\u0131\u015f olmazlard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131, \u0130slam Kamu Hukuku\u2019nun verdi\u011fi bu yetkiyi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nceki hukukumuz ve Osmanl\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle Ebussuud Efendi\u2019nin fetvalar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, sava\u015f esiri ve k\u00f6lelerin &#8220;\u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na&#8221; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim, bir Ebussuud Efendi fetvas\u0131nda, sava\u015f esiresinin (seby, zerari) kiliseye verilerek \u0130slam\u2019dan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, sahibine tazir cezas\u0131 verilmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u015eayet Osmanl\u0131, k\u00f6leli\u011fi kesinlikle kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, \u0130slam hukukuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lmazd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130slam hukukunun hedefi, zaten k\u00f6leli\u011fi kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r. Ama, Osmanl\u0131 da ilk ve klasik d\u00f6nemlerinde, konjonkt\u00fcrel ortam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda k\u00f6leli\u011fi kald\u0131rmak hususunda a\u011f\u0131r davrand\u0131, ke\u015fke zoru ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve k\u00f6leli\u011fi kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>K\u00f6leli\u011fin \u0130lgas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>D\u00fcnyadaki yeni felsefik, sosyolojik ve teknolojik geli\u015fmeler, yukar\u0131da belirtilen k\u00f6lelik uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yordu. Zaten Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da k\u00f6lelik, son zamanlarda ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1273\/1847 tarihinde Abd\u00fclmecid&#8217;in bir ferman\u0131 ile k\u00f6lelik Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde <em>&#8220;\u0130seray-i Zenciyenin Men&#8217;i ile T\u00fcccar ve M\u00fctecasirlerinin Cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131ndaki Ferman&#8221;<\/em> ile tamamen yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu Ferman, Divan-\u0131 H\u00fcmayun taraf\u0131ndan kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, M\u0131s\u0131r, Trablusgarp ve Ba\u011fdat valilerine hitaben yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ferman, k\u00f6le ticaretini kesinlikle yasakl\u0131yor; Akdeniz&#8217;in t\u00fcm k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, adalar\u0131nda ve \u0130ran K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde denetim yap\u0131lmas\u0131, gerekti\u011finde m\u00fcsadereye ba\u015fvurulup el koyulmas\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul&#8217;a yollanmalar\u0131 isteniyordu. Fermandan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, k\u00f6lelik daha \u00f6nce yasaklanm\u0131\u015f, bu fermanla, bu yasak gere\u011fine binaen tekrar vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131, 1856 tarihli Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla Avrupa Devletler Cemiyeti\u2019ne girmi\u015f, art\u0131k &#8220;Avrupa Devleti&#8221; say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, Bat\u0131 ile bar\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. 1876 tarihli Kanun-i Esasi&#8217;nin 9. Maddesi\u2019nde de: <em>&#8220;B\u00fct\u00fcn<\/em><em> Osmanl\u0131lar h\u00fcrriyet-i \u015fahsiyelerine maliktir&#8221;<\/em> denilerek k\u00f6leli\u011fin tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulundu\u011fu vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1307\/1891 tarihli &#8220;\u00dcseray-\u0131 Zenciye Ticaretinin Men&#8217;ine Dair Kanunn\u00e2me&#8221;ye g\u00f6re; zenci k\u00f6lelerin Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesine sokulmas\u0131 ve bu fiilin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yeniden yasaklanm\u0131\u015f; azatl\u0131 olanlara mahkemece &#8220;itikname-h\u00fcrriyet belgesi&#8221; verilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6revli memurlar\u0131n bu konuda re\u2019sen davranaca\u011f\u0131, k\u00f6le ticareti yapanlara bir y\u0131l hapis ve m\u00fcsadere cezas\u0131 uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; bu kanunnamede &#8220;itikname&#8221; \u00f6rne\u011fi de hat\u0131rlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1325\/1909 tarihli <em>&#8220;\u00c7erkez ve Di\u011fer K\u00f6le ve Cariyelerin \u00dcsera-i Zenciye gibi Al\u0131m Sat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Yasaklanmas\u0131na Dair&#8221;<\/em> Sultan Re\u015fat&#8217;\u0131n iradesine g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131 \u0130lkesinde h\u00fcr olmak as\u0131ld\u0131r. 1924 tarihli Esas Te\u015fkil\u00e2t Kanunu\u2019nun 68. ve 69. Maddeleri; 1926 tarihli Medeni Kanun\u2019un 8. Maddesi, k\u00f6leli\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de de yasaklanm\u0131\u015f bulundu\u011funu tekrarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si de bu konuda al\u0131nan uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 7 Eyl\u00fcl 1956 tarihli &#8220;K\u00f6leli\u011fin, K\u00f6le Ticaretinin ve K\u00f6leli\u011fe Benzer Kurum ve Uygulaman\u0131n Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8221; ile k\u00f6lelik ve k\u00f6le ticareti yasaklanm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye 17 Temmuz 1964 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>H\u00fcrriyet, En Kutsal \u0130nsan Hakk\u0131d\u0131r!<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Allah&#8217;a kul ve k\u00f6le olman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, her insan h\u00fcr olarak yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fcrriyet, insan\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez bir hakk\u0131, ayr\u0131lmaz bir s\u0131fat\u0131d\u0131r. Maalesef insan\u0131n, insan olma itibar\u0131yla haysiyet ve \u015ferefinden gelen bir h\u00fcrriyet hakk\u0131, hemen hemen tarihin b\u00fct\u00fcn devirlerinde do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 \u015fekilde elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli harp ve bask\u0131nlar neticesinde insanlar h\u00fcrriyetlerinden mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bir mal gibi al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilhassa Roma hukuku ve Yunan kanunlar\u0131yla k\u00f6leli\u011fi zarur\u00ee bir ihtiya\u00e7 haline sokmu\u015flard\u0131, insanlar\u0131 bir e\u015fya gibi pazarlarda satmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Di\u011fer taraftan baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler ve rejimler, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131n kuvvetini azaltmak, n\u00fcfusunu k\u0131s\u0131tlamak ve kendi kuvvetini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in esirlik m\u00fcessesesini ya\u015fatmay\u0131 bir zaruret saym\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Devletler aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015f konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fc gere\u011fi k\u00f6lelik \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u0130slamiyet bunu bir seferde yasaklamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak d\u00fc\u015fman tehdidi ortadan kalk\u0131nca bu insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in te\u015fviklere ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, k\u00f6lelerin de insanca ya\u015famas\u0131na dair kararlar al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eah\u0131slardan kaynakl\u0131 olumsuzluklar bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa k\u00f6le hukuku ile ilgili insanc\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131m \u0130slamiyet taraf\u0131ndan \u015fartlara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve sonunda hepten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130slamiyet&#8217;ten \u00f6nce Araplar aras\u0131nda da k\u00f6lelik b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fiddet ve deh\u015fetiyle devam ediyordu. Kabileler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar ve ya\u011fmalamalar aral\u0131ks\u0131z olarak s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. D\u00fc\u015fman taraf\u0131ndan esir olarak al\u0131nan kad\u0131n, erkek ve \u00e7ocuklar k\u00f6lele\u015ftiriliyordu. Cahiliye Araplar\u0131n nazar\u0131nda k\u00f6lelik, hayvanl\u0131ktan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tel\u00e2kki ediliyordu. Bunun i\u00e7in onlar insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zul\u00fcm ve i\u015fkence reva g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Bazen onlar\u0131 a\u00e7 ve susuz b\u0131rakarak \u00f6l\u00fcme terk ediyorlar, bazen de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 cariye olarak kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u00d6yle ki \u00e2deta cariyelik, te\u015fvik edilen bir \u015fey halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. S\u0131rf bunun i\u00e7in ba\u015fka kavimlere bask\u0131nlar d\u00fczenliyorlar, erkekleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 esir al\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>\u0130\u015fte \u0130slamiyet b\u00f6yle bir zamanda zuhur etti. O devirde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaras\u0131 olan b\u00f6yle bir meseleyi tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, o zamanki durum zaten buna m\u00fcsait de de\u011fildi. Esaret m\u00fcessesesinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hen\u00fcz yeni kurulmakta olan \u0130slam devleti i\u00e7in birtak\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler getirebilirdi. \u015e\u00f6yle ki:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Her hususta oldu\u011fu gibi dinimizin cihad anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer milletlerin sava\u015f anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Dinimizin cihad gayesi; zulmetmek, kan d\u00f6kmek, kuru kuruya beldeler fethetmek de\u011fil; \u00fclkede ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde adaleti yerle\u015ftirmek, \u0130slam\u2019a ve insan haklar\u0131na y\u00f6neltilen h\u00fccumlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek, insanlara d\u00fcnya ve ahiret saadeti temin etmektir. Bu sebeple d\u00fc\u015fman da olsa sava\u015fa fiilen i\u015ftirak etmedik\u00e7e, kad\u0131nlar\u0131, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve ihtiyarlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek Peygamberimiz (SAV) taraf\u0131ndan yasak edilmi\u015fti. Ancak baz\u0131 durumlarda bunlar\u0131n esir al\u0131nmas\u0131 art\u0131k bir zaruret h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Ne var ki zalim g\u00fc\u00e7ler ve devletler, maalesef M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 esir etmekten geri durmuyordu. Dengenin temin edilmesi i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da onlardan esir almalar\u0131 gerekiyordu. B\u00f6ylece hem denge temin ediliyor, hem de kar\u015f\u0131 taraf kuvvetten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Ayr\u0131ca al\u0131nan esirlerle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman esirler takas yap\u0131larak, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar esaretten kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oluyordu. Yine esirler fidye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmakla \u0130slamiyet&#8217;in yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in madd\u00ee destek temin ediliyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, k\u00f6leli\u011fi ve cariyeli\u011fi ilk defa \u0130slamiyet icat etmiyordu. Birtak\u0131m zaruretler sebebiyle her ne kadar bir anda ortadan kald\u0131rmam\u0131\u015fsa da onu tamamen h\u00fcrriyete yol a\u00e7abilecek \u015fekilde tedricen kald\u0131rma yoluna gidiyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Tarihin her devrinde insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015flerde kullan\u0131lan zul\u00fcm ve i\u015fkencenin her t\u00fcrl\u00fcs\u00fc reva g\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u00f6leler, ancak \u0130slamiyet sayesinde rahat bir nefes alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dinimiz, k\u00f6lelik m\u00fcessesesini vah\u015fi ve iptida\u00ee suretten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, \u00f6nce insan\u00ee bir hayata kavu\u015fturmu\u015f ve sonunda k\u00f6kten kald\u0131rma yolunu a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00f6leye bir\u00e7ok haklar verilmi\u015f ve bunlar devletin himayesi alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hadis ve f\u0131k\u0131h kitaplar\u0131m\u0131zda &#8220;Itk&#8221; yani &#8220;k\u00f6le azad\u0131&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bu haklar\u0131n izah edildi\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcmler vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Dinimizde; h\u00fcrriyet nimetinden mahrum kalanlara, esir ve sahipsiz insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fefkat ve himaye g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f, h\u00fcrriyetlerini kaybetmi\u015f insanlar\u0131n tekrar h\u00fcrriyetlerine kavu\u015fabilmeleri i\u00e7in baz\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler getirilmi\u015ftir. Mesela m\u00fc&#8217;minin bir hata ve kusuru sonunda, g\u00fcnah\u0131n\u0131 affettirebilmek i\u00e7in kefaret \u00f6demesi gerekmektedir. Ramazan orucunu bozan, yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla adam \u00f6ld\u00fcren, yeminini bozan kimseler, bu hatalar\u0131n\u0131n aff\u0131 i\u00e7in kefaret \u00f6derler. \u0130\u015fte bu kefaretlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda k\u00f6le ve cariye azat etmek ilk s\u0131raya girmi\u015ftir. Bu hususta bir\u00e7ok ayet-i kerime inmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcteakip h\u00fcrriyetini kaybeden k\u00f6le ve cariyeler, her ne kadar farkl\u0131 stat\u00fcye t\u00e2bi iseler de yine de birer insand\u0131rlar. Bunun i\u00e7in dinimizde k\u00f6le ve cariyeyi h\u00fcrriyetine kavu\u015fturmak en b\u00fcy\u00fck hay\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bir ibadet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna te\u015fvik eden bir\u00e7ok hadis-i \u015ferif vard\u0131r. Bu hadislerden birisi \u015fu mealdedir:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><em>&#8220;Bir kimse, erkek veya kad\u0131n m\u00fc&#8217;min bir k\u00f6le azat ederse, Allah o k\u00f6lenin her azas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir azas\u0131n\u0131 cehennemden azat eder.&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>K\u00f6le azad\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eden bir di\u011fer esas da &#8220;muk\u00e2teb&#8221;lik uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da efendisi taraf\u0131ndan bir k\u0131ymet takdir olunarak, k\u00f6lenin bu paray\u0131 kazan\u0131p \u00f6demesi yoluyla azat olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Cenab-\u0131 Hak m\u00fc&#8217;minleri buna te\u015fvik etmi\u015f ve bu hususta \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong><em>&#8220;Nik\u00e2h (evlenme imk\u00e2n\u0131) bulamayanlar ise, Allah onlar\u0131 Kendi fazl\u0131ndan zenginle\u015ftirinceye kadar iffetli davrans\u0131nlar. Ellerinizin malik oldu\u011fu (h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcz alt\u0131nda bulunup da) m\u00fckatebe isteyenlere (\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde, k\u00f6lelik ve cariyelikten \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe eri\u015fmeye; \u015fimdi ise size olan bor\u00e7lar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden hapse girip de bu cezadan kurtulmay\u0131 arzu edenlere) -e\u011fer onlarda bir hay\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsan\u0131z- m\u00fckatebe (\u00f6zg\u00fcr b\u0131rakma anla\u015fmas\u0131) yap\u0131n. Ve Allah&#8217;\u0131n size verdi\u011fi maldan (paradan) onlara da verin. D\u00fcnya hayat\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici meta\u0131n\u0131 ve menfaatini elde etmek i\u00e7in; \u0131rzlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak istedikleri halde, (cahiliye d\u00f6nemindeki gibi) koruman\u0131z alt\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlar\u0131 (sak\u0131n) fuh\u015fa zorlamay\u0131n. Kim onlar\u0131 (fuh\u015fa) zorlarsa (b\u00fcy\u00fck vebal alt\u0131ndad\u0131r); \u015f\u00fcphesiz, onlar\u0131n (fuh\u015fa) zorlanmalar\u0131ndan sonra (tevbe edip namusunu koruyanlar\u0131 ise) Allah (onlar\u0131) Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayand\u0131r, Esirgeyendir.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><strong> (Nur: 33)<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Ayr\u0131ca b\u00f6yle bir k\u00f6lenin h\u00fcrriyetine kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n verecekleri en sevapl\u0131 sadakalar\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir k\u00f6leye verilen sadaka oldu\u011fu vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Di\u011fer taraftan dinimiz, k\u00f6le ile efendisi aras\u0131nda e\u015fit hayat ve ge\u00e7im \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 da getirmi\u015ftir. K\u00f6le olan ki\u015finin ailenin bir ferdi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, efendi ile k\u00f6lenin ayn\u0131 sofrada yemek yemesi tavsiye edilmi\u015ftir. Dinimize g\u00f6re; efendi, k\u00f6lesine yedi\u011finden yedirmeli, giydi\u011finden giydirmelidir. Efendi, k\u00f6lesine asla eziyette bulunmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>K\u00f6leler hakk\u0131nda bir di\u011fer husus da efendinin, k\u00f6lesinin izzet-i nefsini rencide edecek \u015fekilde \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Efendinin, k\u00f6lesini, &#8220;k\u00f6lem, cariyem&#8221; \u015feklinde de\u011fil; &#8220;o\u011flum, k\u0131z\u0131m&#8221; \u015feklinde \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131 tavsiye edilmi\u015ftir.<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Yine k\u00f6le ve cariyeler umumiyetle e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimden mahrum kimseler olduklar\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n cahil b\u0131rak\u0131lmay\u0131p, okutulmas\u0131 ve yeti\u015ftirilmesi efendinin vazifeleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, k\u00f6lesini azat etmeyen kimselerin bu \u015fartlarda k\u00f6le tutmas\u0131 ve beslemesi a\u011f\u0131r bir mes&#8217;uliyet getirmektedir. Ahmed Cevdet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n; bir kimsenin m\u00fckellef oldu\u011fu vazifeleri yerine getirerek k\u00f6le tutabilmesinin zorlu\u011funu ifade eden: <em>&#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131kta; k\u00f6le almak, k\u00f6le olmakt\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fc olduk\u00e7a anlaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Evet;<\/strong><strong> \u0130slamiyet&#8217;in k\u00f6lelik sorununu \u0131slaha \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, hukuk sisteminde ona geni\u015f bir yer ay\u0131r\u0131p haklar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sonunda k\u00f6leli\u011fin tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, bu hususta ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ink\u0131l\u00e2p yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Herkese medeniyet dersi veren Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n, as\u0131rlard\u0131r s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ve istil\u00e2 belas\u0131yla insanlar\u0131, bilhassa \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 ezip s\u00f6m\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, hatta Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n ve G\u00fcney Afrika&#8217;n\u0131n bug\u00fcnlerde dahi siyahilere ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f muamelesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi hat\u0131rlan\u0131rsa, k\u00f6leli\u011fi asl\u0131nda kimlerin devam ettirdi\u011fi daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Yar\u0131m as\u0131rdan fazla olarak Demirperde \u00fclkelerinde Kom\u00fcnist Rusya&#8217;n\u0131n zavall\u0131 insanlara reva g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zul\u00fcm, canavarlar\u0131 bile utand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 evlerinden, yurtlar\u0131ndan kovarak Sibirya&#8217;n\u0131n kamplar\u0131nda insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015fkence ve zul\u00fcmlere bo\u011fdu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><strong>Bu hususlar\u0131 dikkate alarak diyoruz ki; k\u00f6lelik m\u00fcessesesini \u0130slamiyet icat etmemi\u015ftir, aksine bu m\u00fcesseseyi \u00f6nce \u0131slah etmi\u015f, ard\u0131ndan tamamen son vermi\u015f ve ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74fe192d satir-basi siyah-link elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74fe192d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Kur\u2019an ve S\u00fcnnet I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Cariyeler. A. R\u0131za Demircan. Ensar YY. Not: Al\u0131nt\u0131lar d\u00fczeltilerek aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Bak: Beled: 13 &#8211; Maide: 89 &#8211; Nisa: 92 &#8211; Tevbe: 60 &#8211; Nur: 33<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Muhammed: 4<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Nisa: 3, 24, 25 &#8211; Nur: 32, 32<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Nisa: 25<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Bak: Nisa: 3 &#8211; M\u00fc\u2019minun: 5-6 ve Ev edat\u0131<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Sh: 274<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Muhammed: 4<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> Muhammed: 4<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> Nisa: 25<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> Tal\u00e2k: 4 &#8211; Nisa: 24 &#8211; Ebu Davud; Nik\u00e2h 45<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Ahz\u00e2b: 59 &#8211; Nur: 31<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> Buhari Nik\u00e2h 18<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> Nisa: 3, 24, 25<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0130. Kesir &#8211; Nisa: 23<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> Buhari M\u00fckateb 2, Tecridi Sarih Hn.1122, Et-Tac 2\/272. Varisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6len azatl\u0131 ki\u015fiye onu azat eden varis olur. Bu da azat etmeye bir t\u00fcr te\u015fviktir.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> Razi Et-Tefsirul-Kebir Nisa 24, 10\/42. H\u00e2kka Suresi\u2019nin &#8220;E\u011fer o el\u00e7i Bizim ad\u0131m\u0131za birtak\u0131m s\u00f6zler uydursayd\u0131, onu k\u0131sk\u0131vrak yakalar, sonra da can damar\u0131n\u0131 keserdik&#8221; anlam\u0131ndaki 44-46. ayetlerinin penceresinden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu hadisin metin y\u00f6n\u00fcnden sahih oldu\u011funda hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe etmiyoruz.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> Bak: \u0130slam ve Osmanl\u0131 Hukukunda K\u00f6lelik ve Cariyelik. H. Tahsin Fendo\u011flu. Beyan YY.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> Buhari, Itk, 1 &#8211; M\u00fcslim, Itk, 21<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> Buhari, Itk, 15.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> Buhari, Itk, 16.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00f6leli\u011fi, \u0130slam Kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f; TEDR\u0130CEN ORTADAN KALDIRMI\u015eTIR H\u00e2l\u00e2 baz\u0131 ayetlere \u201cK\u00f6le ve Cariye\u201d diye mana verenler, iftira atmaktad\u0131r! Sn. A. R\u0131za Demircan\u2019\u0131n; sanki, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de ya\u015fanacak ve tabi mecbur ve me\u015fru say\u0131lacak sava\u015flar sonucu esir al\u0131nan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n CAR\u0130YE yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi yanl\u0131\u015f bir kanaat uyand\u0131ran yakla\u015f\u0131m ve yorumlar\u0131, dayanaks\u0131zd\u0131r ve sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tav\u0131r &#8220;\u0130slam\u2019da K\u00f6lelik ve CAR\u0130YEL\u0130K\u201d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[6605,6693,6694,6695,6696],"class_list":["post-18422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ozel-yazilar","tag-esir","tag-islamda-kolelik","tag-cariye","tag-ali-riza-demircan","tag-ozgurluk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18422\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}