{"id":1918,"date":"2010-10-25T20:29:06","date_gmt":"2010-10-25T20:29:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2010\/10\/25\/yahudilerin-ispanyadan-osmanliya-tasinmasi-ve-siyonist-amaclari\/"},"modified":"2010-10-25T20:29:06","modified_gmt":"2010-10-25T20:29:06","slug":"yahudilerin-ispanyadan-osmanliya-tasinmasi-ve-siyonist-amaclari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2010\/kasim-2010\/yahudilerin-ispanyadan-osmanliya-tasinmasi-ve-siyonist-amaclari\/","title":{"rendered":"YAHUD\u0130LER\u0130N \u0130SPANYA\u2019DAN OSMANLI\u2019YA TA\u015eINMASI VE S\u0130YON\u0130ST AMA\u00c7LARI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>YAHUD\u0130LER\u0130N \u0130SPANYA\u2019DAN OSMANLI\u2019YA TA\u015eINMASI VE S\u0130YON\u0130ST AMA\u00c7LARI<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Recep Bey Art\u0131k \u0130slamiyet\u2019i De\u011fil, Siyonizmi Referans Al\u0131yordu!<\/b><strong> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan <\/strong>Yahudi Cemaatini kabul\u00fcnde <strong>&#8220;Siz benim referans\u0131ms\u0131n\u0131z&#8221;<\/strong> diyerek Yahudiperestlik yap\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>\u015ealom gazetesi<\/strong> b\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yordu..!<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Gelin \u00f6nce <strong>\u015ealom gazetesinde verilen haberi<\/strong> birlikte okuyal\u0131m:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>&#8220;Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan: &#8220;Siz benim referans\u0131ms\u0131n\u0131z&#8221; <\/strong><strong>diyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye Yahudi Cemaati Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sami Herman cemaat y\u00f6neticilerinden olu\u015fan bir heyetle Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan&#8217;\u0131 ziyaret ediyordu. 55 dakika s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin \u00e7ok olumlu ge\u00e7ti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Cemaat Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sami Herman, Onursal Ba\u015fkan Bensiyon Pinto, Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 \u0130zak \u0130brahimzade ve \u0130cra Kurulu&#8217;ndan Lina Filiba&#8217;dan olu\u015fan bir heyetin Recep T. Erdo\u011fan&#8217;\u0131 Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda B\u00fclent Ar\u0131n\u00e7&#8217;\u0131n da haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yakla\u015f\u0131k bir saat s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130srail aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin de konu\u015fuldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan \u201cantisemitizmin insanl\u0131k su\u00e7u oldu\u011funu\u201d ve bunu dile getirdi\u011fi platformlarda \u201cT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki Musevi cemaati referans verdi\u011fini\u201d belirtiyordu.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>Erdo\u011fan kendisini ziyaret eden heyete, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de ya\u015fayan Yahudi cemaatinin problemleriyle yak\u0131ndan ilgilenece\u011finin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc veriyordu.\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Evet, <strong>\u015ealom gazetesinin<\/strong> verdi\u011fi habere g\u00f6re <strong>5 May\u0131s 2010<\/strong>&#8216;da b\u00f6yle bir ziyaret ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyordu! Bizim kafam\u0131z <strong>referans<\/strong> kelimesine tak\u0131l\u0131yordu! <strong>\u015ealom gazetesinin<\/strong> haberine g\u00f6re <strong>Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan<\/strong> kendisini ziyaret eden cemaat \u00fcyelerine <strong>&#8220;Siz benim referans\u0131ms\u0131n\u0131z&#8221; <\/strong>diye iltifat ediyordu! <strong>Ba\u015fbakan <\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan<strong> referans<\/strong> olarak g\u00f6sterilmek elbette Yahudi dostlar\u0131n\u0131 onurland\u0131r\u0131yordu. Bunlar bize Ba\u015fbakan <strong>Erdo\u011fan<\/strong>&#8216;\u0131n <strong>AKP&#8217;<\/strong>den \u00f6nceki g\u00fcnlerini an\u0131msat\u0131yordu!<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u00d6zellikle <strong>Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f <\/strong>\u00e7izgisinde oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hemen her konu\u015fmas\u0131nda <strong>referans\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam oldu\u011funu <\/strong>beyan ediyordu! Ama sonras\u0131nda yani <strong>AKP<\/strong>&#8216;li g\u00fcnlerinde bu t\u00fcr beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n yerini \u201cReferans\u0131m\u0131z Yahudilerdir\u201d s\u00f6zleri al\u0131yordu! Hatta <strong>AKP kurmaylar\u0131<\/strong> neredeyse <strong>&#8220;Referans\u0131m\u0131z \u0130slam de\u011fil&#8221;<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelecek a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yaparak <strong>bir hayli<\/strong> \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131yorlard\u0131! <strong>Referans olmak, onlar\u0131 esas almak, \u0130srail\u2019e hizmeti kutsal ama\u00e7 saymak anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">B\u00fct\u00fcn bu g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc pat\u0131rt\u0131 aras\u0131nda <strong>\u00f6nemli bir olay<\/strong> daha ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. <strong>\u0130srail OECD \u00fcyeli\u011fine <\/strong>kabul ediliyor ve <strong>AKP iktidar\u0131<\/strong> buna hi\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yordu! Bu <strong>kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131\u015f<\/strong> ile <strong>yeni referans<\/strong> aras\u0131nda <strong>bir ba\u011flant\u0131 elbette bulunuyordu<\/strong>!<a name=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>B\u00fct\u00fcn bu d\u00f6neklikler bize \u0130spanya\u2019dan Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan Yahudi D\u00f6nmelerini ve derin \u015febekelerini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yordu.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Konuyla ilgili bir internet sitesinde yay\u0131nlanan yaz\u0131da:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Do\u011frularla yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 harmanlamak<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Baz\u0131 tarihi olaylar\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tmak<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 karalamak ve \u0130slam hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphe bulutlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere, y\u00fczde bir zehirli yalana, y\u00fczde doksan dokuz ger\u00e7ekleri \u00e7ikolata k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131 yapmak<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yahudileri k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcyor g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcp, \u201conlar\u0131n asla yenilmez ve ba\u015f edilmez\u201d oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yan\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ve gizemli tespitler de yer al\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u201cBug\u00fcn \u00fclkemizde \u201cKendilerini do\u011fu\u015ftan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f sayan Yahudileri ve d\u00f6nmeleri\u201d anlamak i\u00e7in 1250\/ 1391-1492 \u0130spanyas\u0131ndaki, Yahudi d\u00f6nmesi Konversolar\u0131n tarihlerini ve konumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi incelemek gerekmektedir. Nitekim d\u00f6nmelik dedi\u011fimiz \u00e7ift kimliklilik, Osmanl\u0131ya Sabetay Sevi eli ile \u0130spanyadan gelmi\u015ftir. Zaten Sabetay Sevi\u2019nin ailesi de \u0130spanya&#8217;dan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn gelen Konverso Yahudilerindendir Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na gelen Konversolar, \u0130spanyada Katolik&#8217;tiler, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oluvermi\u015flerdir. Asl\u0131nda Yahudilerin gizlenmeye iten sebepler \u00e7evre fakt\u00f6rlerden ziyade Mesihi (Siyonist Yahudilerin D\u00fcnya H\u00e2kimiyeti Hayali) plan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan gizliliktir. <b>Kabalac\u0131 Sabetay Sevi<\/b> \u00f6nderli\u011finde ba\u015flayan mesihi hareketin bir benzeri \u0130spanya&#8217;da ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Yahudiler g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde dinlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fler fakat inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve kimliklerini muhafaza etmi\u015flerdir. Kendi kaynaklar\u0131 <b>bizlere konversolar\u0131n Tora kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re hareket ederek Yahudi anneden do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fun Yahudi say\u0131labilece\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini koruduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmektedir<\/b>.\u201d<a name=\"_ftnref2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn2\"><b><i><b>[2]<\/b><\/i><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Zengin Konverso aileler, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k evlili\u011fe engel olmak ve soylar\u0131n\u0131n bozulma tehlikesine kar\u015f\u0131 ekonomik birliktelikler kurmu\u015flard\u0131. D\u00f6nme konverso Yahudiler, \u0130branice ve \u0130spanyolca <b>iki isim ta\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131<\/b>. Kendi i\u00e7lerinde \u0130branice, d\u0131\u015far\u0131da ve kilisede \u0130spanyolca isimler kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130spanyolca isimleri genelde \u0130branice \u015fifreli manalar ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Konversolar \u0130spanyol Kilisesi\u2019nin kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan soylu \u0130spanyol ailelerin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00fczerlerine ge\u00e7irerek ge\u00e7mi\u015flerini de kamufle etmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Konversolar (\u0130spanyadaki d\u00f6nme Yahudiler), bu gizlilik sayesinde k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u0130spanya\u2019daki b\u00fct\u00fcn dini kurumlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdi. Art\u0131k devletin ve kilisenin \u00fcst mevkilerine yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdi. D\u00f6nme Yahudilerin, \u0130spanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi tahmin edilenden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Katolikli\u011fin en koyu savunucusu \u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, dini kurumlar\u0131 d\u00f6nme Yahudilerin elindeydi. Yahudiler \u00f6zellikle ekonomide b\u00fcy\u00fck bir egemenlik kurmu\u015flard\u0131 ve saray\u0131 da istedikleri gibi y\u00f6nlendirebiliyorlard\u0131. Yahudilerin bu denli etkin ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir konuma gelmelerinde, \u00fcstte de vurgulanan &#8220;d\u00f6nme&#8221;lik sistemi \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<b> Katolik yasalar\u0131 Yahudileri resmi g\u00f6revlerden d\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011fu Yahudi din de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve b\u00f6ylece devlet yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde kolayl\u0131kla y\u00fckselebiliyordu. Bu &#8220;d\u00f6nme&#8221;lerin neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekte as\u0131l dinlerine ve kimliklerine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 koruduklar\u0131 ise herkes\u00e7e bilinen ve kabul edilen bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130\u015fte Sabetayistler de ayn\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Konversolar gibi \u00e7ift kimlikli ve \u00e7ift isimli, bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrerek Osmanl\u0131da ve Cumhuriyet\u2019te \u00f6nemli noktalara gelmi\u015flerdi. Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bu Kabalistik gelenek, \u00e7ift kimlilik (D\u00f6nmelik) \u0130spanya\u2019dan gelen Yahudiler eliyle <b>Sabetay Sevi\u2019nin \u00f6nderli\u011finde Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Real Academia De <st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">La Historia<\/st1:personname>, \u0130spanya Kraliyeti Tarih Akademisi, 1735\u2019de \u0130spanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Julian Hermosilla \u00f6nderli\u011finde olu\u015fturulan bir konsey ile tarihi kaynaklar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve \u0130spanyol ar\u015fivlerini derlemek amac\u0131yla Madrid\u2019de kurulmu\u015f ve<\/b> 1738\u2019de kraliyet kararnamesi ile resmi bir kurum halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kurum, \u0130spanya kraliyet ar\u015fivlerini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Real Academia De <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">La Historia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">) Kraliyet ar\u015fivlerinden, 1452-1492 d\u00f6nemlerindeki End\u00fcl\u00fcs devletini y\u0131kan, Yahudileri \u0130spanyadan s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderen, Engizisyon mahkemelerini kuran Rahiplerinin, piskoposlar\u0131n, rekt\u00f6rlerin, hazinedarlar\u0131n, yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n, konverso (d\u00f6nme) Yahudi olduklar\u0131n\u0131n Kraliyet ar\u015fivlerinde isim isim yaz\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kraliyet akademisinin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u201cHistoria Literatura de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Espa\ufffdola\">La Espa\u00f1ola<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u201d \u0130spanya tarihindeki devlet ve din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n otobiyografilerinde, konverso din adamalar\u0131 ve siyasilerin, listeleri isim isim yer almaktad\u0131r. Nitekim buradaki konversolar\u0131n isimlere, Yahudi kaynaklar\u0131nda ve Katolik kaynaklarda da rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Biz burada sadece dini kurumlarda etkili olmu\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131daki ki\u015filere de\u011finece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Konverso (Gizli Yahudi) Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130spanya Devleti.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Aragon Kral\u0131 (1425-1479) II. Juan&#8217;\u0131n en yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131 ve adamlar\u0131 konverso Yahudilerdi. 1469&#8217;da o\u011flu (1452-1516) II. Fernando\u2019yu, Kastilya ailesinden V. Henry&#8217;nin k\u0131z karde\u015fi, Kastilya krali\u00e7esi \u0130sabella ile evlendirdi. Bu evlilik Yahudiler ve d\u00f6nme (konverso) Yahudiler taraf\u0131ndan da desteklendi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130sabella\u2019da Fernando\u2019da Yahudi soyundan geliyordu. Aragon Kral\u0131 II. Juan\u2019\u0131n ikinci e\u015fi, Navarra krali\u00e7esi, Juana Enr\u00edquez\u2019in ailesi konverso k\u00f6kenliydi. Kral II. Fernando anne taraf\u0131ndan Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131yd\u0131. Kastilya krali\u00e7esi I. \u0130sabella&#8217;n\u0131n annesi, krali\u00e7e Isabel de Avis y Braganza, konverso Yahudisiydi. Bu evlilikten sonraki y\u0131llarda Kastilya ile Aragon krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 1474 y\u0131l\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilerek tek bir krall\u0131k haline geldi.<a name=\"_ftnref4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanya Kral&#8217;\u0131 II. Fernando&#8217;nun hazineden sorumlu genel m\u00fcfetti\u015fi Micer Luis de Santagnel, konverso Yahudiydi. Haham bir baban\u0131n o\u011flu olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015f sonradan H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7mi\u015fti.<a name=\"_ftnref5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a><i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanya&#8217;n\u0131n iki krall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan biri olan Aragon&#8217;un hazine bakan\u0131 Gabriel Raphael Sanchez&#8217;de konverso Yahudiydi. Yahudi iken Alazar Goluff olan ad\u0131n\u0131 vaftiz olduktan sonra Gabriel Sanchez olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fti. C. Kolomb&#8217;un yolculu\u011funa finansman sa\u011flayan \u00f6nemli isimlerden biriydi.<a name=\"_ftnref6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Krali\u00e7e \u0130sabella&#8217;n\u0131n sekreteri, ke\u015fi\u015f Fernando del Pulgar, Kral Fernando&#8217;nun dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 ve sekreteri Fernando Alvarez ve Alfonso de Avila, konverso Yahudilerdendi.<a name=\"_ftnref7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Aragon kilisesi ve piskoposlu\u011fu Konverso Yahudilerin en \u00f6nemli merkeziydi. Burgos piskoposlu\u011funun merkezinde Aragon krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n soylu zengin ailelerinden olan Caballeria ailesi, konverso Yahudisi geni\u015f bir ailedir. Ailenin fertleri sonradan H\u0131ristiyan olmu\u015f, Haham D.Solomon ibn Labi de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Caballeria\">la Caballeria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u2019dan gelmektedir. Aile\u2019nin dokuz o\u011flu vard\u0131. Bunlardan biriside Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ile engizisyonun ate\u015fli savunucusu olan hukuk\u00e7u (Pedro) Bonaf\u00f3s de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">La Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> (?-1464)\u2019yd\u0131. Konverso Yahudisi Haham Solomon ibn Labi de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">la Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u2019n\u0131n o\u011fludur. Samuel olan ad\u0131n\u0131 vaftiz edilerek hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7tikten sonra (Pedro) Bonaf\u00f3s de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">La Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Bonaf\u00f3s ilk evlili\u011fini Kral Fernando\u2019nun Hazine Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Finans M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc, hazinenin ba\u015fm\u00fcfetti\u015fi Konverso yahudisi Luis de Santagnel\u2019in e\u015fi ile yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Karde\u015fi Bienbenis de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">La Cavaller\u00eda<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> ise Zaragoza \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin rekt\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 (Pedro) Bonaf\u00f3s de Caballeria, Kastilya krali\u00e7esi \u0130sabella ile Aragon Kral\u0131 II. Fernando\u2019nun evliliklerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck destek\u00e7isi olmu\u015ftu. Hatta evlilikte saraya 40.000 duka alt\u0131n ve de\u011ferli m\u00fccevherler ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Pedro Bonaf\u00f3s de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">la Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcm o\u011fullar\u0131 Aragon krall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcksek konumlara geldiler. Luis de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">la Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Kral II. Juan\u2019\u0131n gizli dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131, Alfonso de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Cavalleri\">la Cavalleri<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> ise Kral II. Juan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fhekimi olmu\u015ftu. Di\u011fer o\u011flu Jaime de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Cavalleria\">La Cavalleria<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> ise Kral II. Fernando\u2019nun gizli dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<a name=\"_ftnref8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 hazinesinin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki isim Kabalac\u0131 Yahudi \u0130saac Abrabanel\u2018di. Abrabanel, krall\u0131kta kilit bir isimdi. 1484 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Portekiz Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hazine sorumlusuydu. 1484 y\u0131l\u0131nda sonra \u0130spanya Kral\u0131 ve Krali\u00e7e&#8217;nin emrine girmi\u015f ve \u00fclkedeki vergi toplama i\u015fini denetlemek \u00fczere tam yetkiyle atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kral II. Fernando&#8217;nun vergi bakan\u0131 ve Kastilya Ba\u015fhaham\u0131 zengin, varl\u0131kl\u0131 bir Yahudi olan Don Abraham Senior\u2019du.<a name=\"_ftnref9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a><i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Katolikli\u011fin en kilit noktalar\u0131na gelen kripto Yahudiler, \u0130spanya tarihinde H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k ad\u0131na radikal kararlar al\u0131yorlar, \u00fclkedeki Yahudilerin ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n siyasi ve politik konumlar\u0131n\u0131 belirliyorlard\u0131. Kral\u2019\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131, hazine\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131, yarg\u0131\u00e7lar, engizisyon mahkemelerinin mimarlar\u0131 kripto Yahudiydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>\u0130spanyol Engizisyonunun Ger\u00e7ek M\u00fcsebbipleri<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Engizisyon Mahkemelerini kuran Yahudi D\u00f6nmesi Ba\u015frahipler, Piskoposlar, Papazlar 1391&#8217;deki Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015fleyen, Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 propagandalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten, Katolizmin en \u00f6nemli kurumu Burgos Piskoposlu\u011fuydu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Rahip-filozof Alfonso de Valladolid (1270-1346) konverso Yahudiydi. Talmud e\u011fitimi konusunda uzman bir haham olarak yeti\u015ftirilen Alfonso de Valladolid, Vaftiz olup H\u0131ristiyan olduktan sonra, Abner olan ismini Alfonso olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fti. 1295&#8217;de Kral IV. Sancho taraf\u0131ndan Burgos piskoposlu\u011funda \u00f6nemli mevkiye getirildi.<a name=\"_ftnref10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">D\u00f6nemin Burgos ba\u015fpiskoposu ve diplomat\u0131 (1384-1456) Alfonso de Cartagena, konverso Yahudiydi. Haham bir baban\u0131n o\u011flu olan Cartagena\u2019n\u0131n annesi, babas\u0131, 4 erkek, 1 k\u0131z karde\u015fi ve 2 amcas\u0131, 1390\u2019daki yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 propagandalardan sonra vaftiz edilerek hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdi.<a name=\"_ftnref11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Alfonso de Cartagena, (1421)\u2019de Santiago de Compostela, Segovia, (1435)\u2019de Burgos piskoposlu\u011fu g\u00f6revinde bulunmu\u015f ve daha sonra Papa IV. Eugenio el\u00e7isi olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1431\u2019de ise Kastilya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temsilcisi olmu\u015ftu. Aragon Kral\u0131 II. Juan\u2019\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Alfonso de Cartagena, yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 yay\u0131nlar ile Katolikleri Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan en \u00f6nemli isimlerdendi.<a name=\"_ftnref12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn12\">[12]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Konversolar\u0131n ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair propagandan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ise Alonso de Espina adl\u0131 bir rahip \u00e7ekiyordu. Alonso de Espina konverso Yahudiydi. Espina, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fortalitium Fidei (\u0130man\u0131n Kalesi) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, inananlar\u0131n birbirine kenetlenmesini ve sahte H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu.<b> <\/b>Konversolar ve Yahudiler \u00fczerine bask\u0131lar uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen Espina, konversolar\u0131n ikiy\u00fczl\u00fc birer sahtek\u00e2r oldu\u011fu propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131yordu. Ama ilgin\u00e7 olan kendisinin de bir Konverso Yahudi d\u00f6nmesi olmas\u0131yd\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn13\">[13]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yahudi aleyhtarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtarak s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc haz\u0131rlayan ikinci etkin \u015fah\u0131s ise Katolikli\u011fin \u00f6nemli merkezlerinden olan Burgos Piskoposu ve Kastilya Kons\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131 (1350-1435) Pablo de Santa Maria\u2019d\u0131r. Bu ki\u015fi Vaftiz olup Kilise&#8217;ye kat\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, Haham Solomon Halevi isimli bir D\u00f6nme (Konverso) Yahudisiydi.<a name=\"_ftnref14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn14\">[14]<\/a><i><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Scrutinium Scripturarum adl\u0131 kitap, Engizisyon&#8217;a zemin haz\u0131rlayan en \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri oldu. Hahamlar yeti\u015ftiren \u00fcnl\u00fc bir aileden gelen Pablo de Santa Maria\u2019n\u0131n babas\u0131 \u0130shak Halevi\u2019de kendisi gibi hahamd\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn15\">[15]<\/a><i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Burgos piskoposu Rahip 1456-1495 Luis de Acu\u00f1a y Osorio ve Rahip (1495-1512) Pascual de Ampudia yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 Yahudi aleyhtar\u0131 dok\u00fcmanlar ile Yahudilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Yahudilerin s\u00fcr\u00fclmesini isteyen bu iki rahip ger\u00e7ekte konverso Yahudiydi.<a name=\"_ftnref16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn16\">[16]<\/a><i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Krali\u00e7e \u0130sabella&#8217;n\u0131n g\u00fcnah \u00e7\u0131karma papaz\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Avila piskoposu olan Hernando de Talavera\u2019da konverso Yahudiydi.<a name=\"_ftnref17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn17\">[17]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Konverso Yahudilerin tarih boyunca hakim olduklar\u0131, Katolizmin en \u00f6nemli noktalar\u0131ndan biri olan <b>Burgos Piskoposlu\u011fu.<\/b> Burgos Katedralinin giri\u015f duvarlar\u0131nda Yahudili\u011fi sembolize eden Davud Y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">1464 y\u0131l\u0131nda Devlet ve Kilise bir araya gelerek, bu ( Konverso ) Yeni Hristiyanlar&#8217;\u0131n ger\u00e7ek H\u0131ristiyan olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve hangilerinin samimiyetle H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k dinini kabul ettiklerini, hangilerinin de gizlice Yahudi kalmaya devam ettiklerini tahkik etmek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015filik bir komisyon kurdular. <b>1464 senesinde Kastilya kral\u0131 IV. Henry, piskoposlara Yahudi d\u00f6nmelerinin yak\u0131n takibe al\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 emretti.<\/b> Bu durum \u00f6yle bir hal ald\u0131 ki Konversolar devlet i\u00e7inde devlet oluyorlard\u0131. Birbirlerinin kimliklerini kiliseye \u0130hbar etme tehditleri ile \u015fantaj yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu \u015fantajlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korku i\u00e7indeki \u00e7aresiz kalan konversolar, devletin gizli g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin karanl\u0131k isteklerine boyun e\u011fiyorlard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Engizisyon, sahte bir Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaparak, Yahudilerin ger\u00e7ekten d\u00f6n\u00fcp d\u00f6nmediklerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve sahte d\u00f6nmeleri cezaland\u0131rmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcyd\u00fc. Engizisyon konversolar\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan olmalar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, H\u0131ristiyan \u0130spanyollar i\u00e7inden ay\u0131klan\u0131p \u00fclkeden s\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini istiyordu. H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131, Yahudilere ve Konversolara kar\u015f\u0131 kin ve nefrete s\u00fcr\u00fckleyerek k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan rahipler, piskoposlar, rekt\u00f6rler ve kral Yahudi d\u00f6nmesiydi. <b>Engizisyon, Yahudilerin ve d\u00f6nmelerin din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerini de\u011fil, konversolar\u0131n kimliklerinin tespit edilerek tek tek Katolikler aras\u0131ndan ay\u0131klan\u0131p yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Bu <\/b>Engizisyon, Yahudileri s\u00fcrg\u00fcnden sonra End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc m\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara bask\u0131, zul\u00fcm ve i\u015fkence yaparak din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerini isteyecekti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Zamanla konversolar\u0131n asl\u0131nda dinlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmedikleri, yaln\u0131zca H\u0131ristiyan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131na girdikleri fark edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Neredeyse <b>t\u00fcm vergi memurlar\u0131n\u0131n Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131 bu sahte H\u0131ristiyanlardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu <\/b>\u00f6\u011frenilince, H\u0131ristiyan \u00e7evreler b\u00fcy\u00fck tepki g\u00f6sterdi. Buna bir de kan olaylar\u0131 eklenince, kutupla\u015fma iyice keskinle\u015fti ve Engizisyon \u00fclkeye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131larak, ger\u00e7ek H\u0131ristiyanlarla sahtelerini ay\u0131rt etmesi istendi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Thomas de Torquemada (1420-1498) Segovia\u2019daki Santa Cruz manast\u0131r\u0131na atanarak uzun y\u0131llar rahiplik yapan engizisyonun \u00f6nemli mimarlar\u0131ndand\u0131. Torquemada\u2019n\u0131n din adam\u0131 olan amcas\u0131 Kardinal Juan Torquemada ise Papa\u2019n\u0131n temsilcisiydi. \u0130spanyol Engizisyonunun \u00f6nemli isimlerinden Rahip Thomas Torquemada, Kastilya krali\u00e7esi \u0130sabella taraf\u0131ndan 1474 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir dini otorite\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131na getirildi. Bu konum onu \u00f6nemli kararlar almaya yetkili k\u0131ld\u0131. Bu \u00f6nemli kararlardan biriside \u201cEngizisyon Mahkemeleriydi. Torquemada neredeyse Yahudileri s\u00fcrg\u00fcn eden tek adamd\u0131. Engizisyon&#8217;un ba\u015f mimar\u0131 Thomas Torquemada konverso Yahudiydi.<a name=\"_ftnref18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn18\">[18]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yahudi yazar Nathan Ausubel ise, Tom\u00e1s de Torquemada&#8217;n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckbabas\u0131, Alvor Fernandez de Torquemada&#8217;n\u0131n, Yahudi bir kad\u0131nla evli oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir.<a name=\"_ftnref19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn19\">[19]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131\u2013Yazar Rafael Sabatini\u2019nin 1913 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 <b>\u201cTorquemada and the Spanish Inquisition\u201d <\/b>Torquemada ve \u0130spanyol Engizisyonu adl\u0131 eserinde Torquemada\u2019n\u0131n Yahudi bir aileden geldi\u011fini, Dominik ke\u015fi\u015fleri aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilip Kral ve Krali\u00e7e\u2019nin taraf\u0131ndan yetkili k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 konverso(D\u00f6nme) Yahudi olmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. Kardinal amcas\u0131 Juan Torquemada&#8217;da konverso as\u0131ll\u0131 bir kad\u0131nla evlilik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn20\">[20]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Engizisyonun 1474 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkeye giri\u015fi ile birlikte, 1492&#8217;de s\u00fcrg\u00fcnle bitecek olan s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu. Torquemada, 1478 y\u0131l\u0131nda Papa III. \u0130nnocent bir yaz\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek Konversolar\u0131 \u0130spanyol H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131rt etmek ve bu gizli Yahudileri s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in Engizisyonun kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Papa bu iste\u011fi kabul ederek 1 Kas\u0131m 1478\u2019de <b>\u201cExigit Sincere Devotionis\u201d<\/b> adl\u0131 bir kararname \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Arkas\u0131ndan Kral Fernando ile Krali\u00e7e \u0130sabella 27 Eyl\u00fcl 1480\u2019de bir kraliyet kararnamesi yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar. Ancak kraliyet kararnamesi Yahudilerden ba\u015fka hi\u00e7 kimseden s\u00f6z etmiyordu.<a name=\"_ftnref21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn21\">[21]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">24 Kas\u0131m 1484\u2019de Thomas Torquemada\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde bir genel kurul topland\u0131. Al\u0131nan kararlar ile Valladolid, Sevilla, Ja\u00e9n, Avila, Cordoba, Villareal ve Aragon-Zaragoza\u2019da Engizisyon mahkemeleri kuruldu. Thomas de Torquemada Engizisyonun y\u00fcksek Konsey ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak atand\u0131. 5 \u00fcyesi ile birlikte engizisyon mahkemelerinde sorgulamalar ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7le 1492&#8217;de s\u00fcrg\u00fcnle bitecek olan s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu.<a name=\"_ftnref22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn22\">[22]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Torquemada\u2019n\u0131n engizisyon mahkemelerinin ba\u015f\u0131na atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 isimlerde t\u0131pk\u0131 kendisi gibi konverso Yahudilerden olu\u015fuyordu. <b>Nitekim Aragon\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 Zaragoza\u2019da Engizisyon mahkemesi\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131na atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pedro Arbues\u2019de konverso d\u00f6nme Yahudilerdendi.<\/b> Pedro Arbues engizisyonda aktif olarak rol alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn23\">[23]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Torquemada\u2019n\u0131n sonras\u0131nda 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1499\u2019da Aragon kral\u0131 II. Fernando taraf\u0131ndan Engizisyonun ba\u015f\u0131na atanan Diego de Deza\u2019n\u0131n konverso Yahudilerdendi.<\/b> <a name=\"_ftnref24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn24\">[24]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Torquemada\u2019dan sonra Engizisyon mahkemesi\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131na atanan di\u011fer \u00f6nemli isim (1436-1517) Rahip X\u0131menes de C\u0131sneros\u2019dur. C\u0131sneros\u2019da konverso as\u0131ll\u0131 Yahudiydi. C\u0131sneros konversolara \u00f6ncekiler gibi \u015fiddet ve bask\u0131 uygulamad\u0131. Kral&#8217;a, \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bir teklif ile geride kalan konversolara tazminat \u00f6denmesini istiyordu. <a name=\"_ftnref25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn25\"><b><i><b>[25]<\/b><\/i><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Son End\u00fcl\u00fcs Devleti Granada Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u015fgal edildi\u011fi 1492 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130spanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Yahudileri \u0130spanya\u2019dan kovmak i\u00e7in 31 Mart 1492 tarihinde Elhamra Saray\u0131nda, Elhamra Kararnamesi ad\u0131nda bir ferman yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bu kararnameye g\u00f6re Yahudi dinine mensup olanlar ve Yahudi d\u00f6nmesi sahte H\u0131ristiyan olan Konversolar, \u0130spanya&#8217;dan \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131. Yahudilere \u00fclkeyi terk etmeleri i\u00e7in 4 ay s\u00fcre tan\u0131nd\u0131. Ve 2 A\u011fustos 1492\u2019de 150.000 Yahudi, t\u00fcm ge\u00e7mi\u015flerini, evlerini, barklar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakarak y\u00fczy\u0131llarca ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u0130spanya\u2019dan kovulmu\u015flard\u0131. Geride kalanlar ise Konverso Yahudi olarak hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Yahudiler, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnden sonra Portekiz, Kuzey Afrika ve Osmanl\u0131ya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. H\u0131ristiyan Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karde\u015fi Cem Sultanla saltanat kavgas\u0131 ya\u015fayan, bir taraftan da \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u015eii \u0130ran ve M\u0131s\u0131r Memluklular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Fatih\u2019in o\u011flu 2. Bayezit, bu i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f me\u015fgale ve endi\u015felerle, End\u00fcl\u00fcs M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na yard\u0131m edememi\u015f; ama \u0130spanya\u2019dan kovulan Yahudilerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclkesine kabul etmekte de bir beis g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. (Padi\u015fahl\u0131k s\u00fcresi: 1481-1512) Kaderin cilvesi, merhametten maraz do\u011faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnememi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesine kabul edilen bu Yahudilerin say\u0131lar\u0131 40 bin tahminin edilmektedir. <b>S\u00fcrg\u00fcnden gelen Yahudiler, Selanik olmak \u00fczere \u0130zmir, \u0130stanbul, Edirne, Yeni\u015fehir ve \u015eam b\u00f6lgesinde Safed gibi \u015fehirlere yerle\u015ftirildiler.<a name=\"_ftnref26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn26\"><b>[26]<\/b><\/a> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Peki, bu durum biraz garip de\u011fil midir sizce? <b>Engizisyonu ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc haz\u0131rlayan bu d\u00f6nme Yahudiler, Yahudi kaynaklar\u0131nda s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi gibi ger\u00e7ekten &#8220;d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f&#8221; ve H\u0131ristiyanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsalar bile, neden \u0131rkda\u015flar\u0131na ve eski dinda\u015flar\u0131na b\u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015f olsunlar? <\/b>Tam tersine, Yahudilere ve konversolara di\u011fer H\u0131ristiyanlardan daha yumu\u015fak ve anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 davranm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 gerekmez miydi?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>T\u00fcm bunlar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekte Yahudi \u00f6nde gelenleri, yani Kabalac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan, Mesih&#8217;le ilgili kehaneti ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek u\u011fruna d\u00fczenlenen bir plan oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Yani \u0130spanya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc, \u0130srail hayalinin ve siyonizmin hedefinin ilk \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Yahudi toplumuna kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bask\u0131 uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde de, \u00f6nde gelen baz\u0131 Yahudilerin sarayla bu denli i\u00e7li d\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 da, ku\u015fkusuz ortada bir gariplik oldu\u011funun i\u015faretidir. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn Katoliklerden \u00e7ok, Kabalac\u0131lardan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka g\u00f6stergesi de, Papa&#8217;ya ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Engizisyon&#8217;un \u0130spanya Yahudilerini s\u00fcrerken, Roma&#8217;da, yani Papal\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkezindeki Yahudilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rahatl\u0131k i\u00e7inde ya\u015famay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. (Harun Yahya, Yeni Masonik D\u00fczen, Bilim Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Vakf\u0131, 6.Bask\u0131, 2004, s.46)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Tora&#8217;da S\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve Kehanetler<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">S\u00fcrg\u00fcn ile ilgili ilgin\u00e7 bir rastlant\u0131 da, \u0130spanya&#8217;dan son \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f tarihi olan 2 A\u011fustos\u2019un Yahudilerin matem ve oru\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul ettikleri 9 Av 5252, Ti\u015fa be Av\u2019a ay\u0131na denk gelmesiydi. <b>Ti\u015fa be Av, Yahudilerin i\u00e7in kutsal say\u0131lan Kud\u00fcs\u2019teki S\u00fcleyman Mabedi (Bet Amikda\u015f)&#8217;\u0131n M.\u00d6 587 ile M.S. 70&#8217;deki y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tarihiydi.<\/b> Bu tarih, Yahudilerin tarihteki s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerine denk geldi\u011fi tarihti. Bu Kabalada, Yahudi ulusunun ba\u015f\u0131na gelen b\u00fct\u00fcn felaketler, hep bu tarihe denk geliyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yahudilerin kutsal kitab\u0131 Tora\u2019da Hahamlar, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde, \u0130spanya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc ile ilgili \u015funlar\u0131 yorumlamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Tanr\u0131 Yahudileri tarihin gidi\u015fat\u0131na, tarihsel olaylar\u0131n do\u011fal etkilerine teslim edecektir. Tanr\u0131 onlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde sadece tesad\u00fcf olan t\u00fcm bu olaylarda onlar\u0131 tamamen yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmayacakt\u0131r. Onlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte tesad\u00fcf\u00ee olup, s\u00fcrg\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f halk\u0131 geri getirme amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir olaylar zinciriyle, eski \u00dclkeleri\u2019ne geri gelmeye haz\u0131rlayacakt\u0131r. Gizlenmi\u015f olan Tanr\u0131, uzun ve dolamba\u00e7l\u0131 yollarla, onlar\u0131 eski yurtlar\u0131\u2019na orijinal ve ebedi hedeflerine geri getirecektir.<a name=\"_ftnref27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn27\">[27]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Rabi Me\u015feh Hohma, Tora\u2019da s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle yorumlamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Neden mi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildiler?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>\u201c\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Yahudilerin ulus olarak yok olma derecesine kadar asimile olmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin tek yolu budur\u201d.<a name=\"_ftnref28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn28\"><b>[28]<\/b><\/a><i> <\/i><\/b><i><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Tora\u2019da Hahamlar s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn as\u0131l amac\u0131n\u0131 ve nedenlerini \u015f\u00f6yle yorumlamaktad\u0131rlar:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b><i>\u201cSon olarak s\u00fcrg\u00fcnden d\u00f6nen Yahudiler, tarihin alt\u0131nda yatan ger\u00e7ek amac\u0131 kavrayacaklard\u0131r. Sadece kurtulu\u015f i\u00e7in de\u011fil, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in bile \u015f\u00fckran duygular\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacaklard\u0131r; zira \u00e7ekilen ac\u0131lar\u0131n, kurtulu\u015f ve manevi saadetine giden olaylar zincirinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlayacaklard\u0131r.<a name=\"_ftnref29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn29\"><b>[29]<\/b><\/a> <\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Rabi Raphael Samson Hirsch\u2019in Torada s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri \u015f\u00f6yle yorumlamaktad\u0131r:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b><i>\u201cGenel bir bak\u0131\u015fla, Yahudi ulusu\u2019nun iki bin y\u0131la ula\u015fan \u0131st\u0131raplar d\u00f6nemi, Tora\u2019da yaz\u0131l\u0131 olanlar\u0131n canl\u0131 bir tefsiri niteli\u011findedir. \u00d6zellikle Yahudilerin t\u00fcm uluslar i\u00e7ine azar azar sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halini olu\u015fturan Diaspora, \u201cS\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u201d yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan kehanetlerin bire bir ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesidir ve bug\u00fcne kadar, her Yahudi Tora\u2019da yaz\u0131l\u0131 kehanetlerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011finin anlayacakt\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015fi bile, gelecekteki binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7in kefalet te\u015fkil edecek ve bu ger\u00e7ekleri g\u00f6recektir. Tora, tarihte ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tarih hen\u00fcz olu\u015fmadan \u00f6nce, insan\u0131 hayrete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek ayr\u0131nt\u0131larla kaydetmi\u015ftir.\u201c<a name=\"_ftnref30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn30\"><b>[30]<\/b><\/a> <\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Sabetay Sevi\u2019nin etkisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kabalist \u0130ssac Luria, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri \u015f\u00f6yle yorumlamaktad\u0131r:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b><i>\u201c\u0130ssac Luria&#8217;ya g\u00f6re, Yahudilerin yery\u00fcz\u00fcne da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 bir felaket de\u011fil, planlanm\u0131\u015f bir olayd\u0131r. Yahudilere, kutsal k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlar\u0131, klipalar ortam\u0131ndan \u00f6teki taraf&#8217;tan kurtar\u0131p toplamak i\u00e7in verilmi\u015f bir g\u00f6revdir. Bu \u015fekilde b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlar eksiksiz olarak kurtar\u0131labilirse Tikkun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur. Tikkun&#8217;un ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ile de Ma\u015fiah (Mesih) gelecektir. \u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131 kurtulacak, Vaadedilmi\u015f Topraklar&#8217;a d\u00f6necek, y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Tap\u0131nak&#8217;\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa ederek sonsuza kadar h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcreceklerdir.<a name=\"_ftnref31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn31\"><b>[31]<\/b><\/a> <\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Yahudi inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re bu kehanetlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ise, Yahudilerin t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 geliyordu. Encyclopaedia Judaica, bu inanc\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle bildiriyor: <b>&#8220;Mesih&#8217;in tekrar geli\u015fine dair olan kehanet, ancak Yahudilerin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na yay\u0131lmalar\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecekti.&#8221;<a name=\"_ftnref32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn32\"><b>[32]<\/b><\/a> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Engizisyon\u2019un ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn konversolar\u0131n eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fini ortaya koyan, \u0130spanyadaki konversolar\u0131n gizli hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan ve Konversolar\u0131n \u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131na hakim olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seren, tarihin karanl\u0131k sayfalar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak 2006 \u0130spanyol yap\u0131m\u0131 bir film. Bu film Kraliyet ar\u015fivlerine dayan\u0131larak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Okuyuculara mutlaka izlemelerini tavsiye ediyorum.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>\u0130spanya\u2019da Ya\u015fanan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Kimlerin Eseriydi?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">1474 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kastilya ile Aragon birle\u015ftirilerek tek bir krall\u0131k haline getirildi. Bu durum Yahudilerden daha \u00e7ok End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n sonunu haz\u0131rlad\u0131. \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki son End\u00fcl\u00fcs Devleti\u2019nin i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015filen sava\u015f\u0131 finanse eden en b\u00fcy\u00fck finans\u00f6rlerden biriside \u0130spanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 hazinesinin ba\u015f\u0131 Kabalac\u0131 <b>Yahudi \u0130saac Abrabanel\u2019dir<\/b>. End\u00fcl\u00fcs M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015filen sava\u015f\u0131 finanse eden ki\u015fidir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman katliam\u0131 ile noktalanan sava\u015f, Abrabanel taraf\u0131ndan verilen 1.5 milyon alt\u0131n duka sayesinde kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<a name=\"_ftnref33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn33\">[33]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015filen sava\u015f\u0131n \u0130kinci b\u00fcy\u00fck finans\u00f6r\u00fc ise Kral II. Fernando&#8217;nun vergi bakan\u0131 Kastilya Ba\u015f Haham\u0131, zengin, varl\u0131kl\u0131 bir Yahudi olan Don Abraham Senior idi. Abraham Senior, Kastilya b\u00f6lgesine hizmet verirken, di\u011fer yanda, \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcneyindeki son M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti End\u00fcl\u00fcs&#8217;e kar\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flam durabilmeleri i\u00e7in krall\u0131k i\u00e7in gereken maddi olanaklar\u0131 devlete \u015fahsen o sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d<a name=\"_ftnref34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn34\">[34]<\/a><i><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">G\u0131rnata&#8217;n\u0131n i\u015fgalinden \u00f6nce Krali\u00e7e \u0130sabella ile Kral II. Fernando, M\u00fcdeccen End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ile 25 Kas\u0131m 1491\u2019de G\u0131rnata S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi imzalad\u0131. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak M\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, dinlerini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce yerine getirebilecekleri, dillerini, adet ve geleneklerini, mallar\u0131 ve ticaret h\u00fcrriyetlerini muhafaza edecekleri bir anla\u015fmaya imza att\u0131lar.<a name=\"_ftnref35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn35\">[35]<\/a><i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Bu anla\u015fma ile y\u00fcz binlerce End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n, Yahudiler ile birlikte s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesi \u00f6nlenmi\u015f oldu. 1492\u2019de End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, Yahudiler ile birlikte s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmesi Engizisyon mahkemeleri, Kral ve Krali\u00e7e\u2019nin planlar\u0131 ile engellendi. Nitekim \u0130spanyollar, End\u00fcl\u00fcs\u2019ten ele ge\u00e7irdikleri topraklarda H\u0131ristiyan tebaas\u0131 alt\u0131nda belirli anla\u015fmalar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara <b>\u201c(Mudejar) m\u00fcdeccen\u201d<\/b> diyorlard\u0131. M\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u0130spanya tarihine sanatta, mimaride, ticarette ve bilim alan\u0131nda damgalar\u0131n\u0131 vurdular. M\u00fcdeccenler meslek erbab\u0131ndan ve okuyan k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir s\u0131n\u0131ftan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. <b>Osmanl\u0131, konverso Yahudilere sahip \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, ama bu m\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara el atamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oysa <\/b>M\u00fcdeccenler Yahudilerden daha becerikli ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131lar. M\u00fcdeccenler mimari, sanatsal, zanaat, meslek ve t\u0131p alan\u0131nda Yahudilerden daha da \u00fcst\u00fcn durumdayd\u0131lar. \u0130spanyol Tarih\u00e7i Prof. Rodrigo de Zayas (Mudejares) M\u00fcdeccenleri \u0130spanya tarihinin ayd\u0131n tabakas\u0131 olarak nitelendiriyor ve alt\u0131n kavim olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. E\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Yahudiler ile birlikte s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilseydiler, Osmanl\u0131 Yahudileri de\u011fil, alt\u0131n kavim olarak nitelenen m\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131na kabul edecekti. Bu durum Kabalac\u0131 Yahudilerin S\u00fcleyman mabedini yeniden in\u015fa edecekleri ve kutsal topraklara d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k mesihi planlar\u0131n\u0131 bozacakt\u0131. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda co\u011frafi ke\u015fifler ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni deniz yollar\u0131, ipek ve baharat yollar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kontrol\u00fc End\u00fcl\u00fcs M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n elindeki bilgiler ve birikimler ile d\u00f6nemin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti Meml\u00fckler ve Osmanl\u0131 devleti\u2019nin kontrol\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecekti. Buda Yahudilerin ticaret politikalar\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye sokmu\u015f olacakt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">End\u00fcl\u00fcs \u0130\u015fgal edilmeden \u00f6nce <b>1486-1487 Y\u0131l\u0131nda End\u00fcl\u00fcs Granada Sultan\u0131 XII. Muhammed Ebu Abdullah es-Sa\u011f\u0131r\u2019\u0131n Sultan Beyaz\u0131d\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi ilk el\u00e7i, End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fclerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vahim durumu bir \u015fiirle takdim etmi\u015fti.<\/b> Bu durum d\u00f6nemin End\u00fcl\u00fcs tarih\u00e7isi El-Makkari\u2019nin Ezharu\u2019r- Riyaz adl\u0131 eserinde ge\u00e7en \u015fiir 104 beyitten olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk feryadnameye Sultan Beyaz\u0131d sessiz kald\u0131. M\u00fcdeccenler, End\u00fcl\u00fcs i\u015fgal edildikten sonra (1501-1502) g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri zul\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ikinci bir feryadname daha g\u00f6ndererek yard\u0131m talebinde bulundular. Beyaz\u0131d, End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fclerin bu iki yard\u0131m \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na da \u00e7aresiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130spanya\u2019daki zul\u00fcmden ka\u00e7an Yahudilere kap\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7an Osmanl\u0131, 1492&#8217;de bu duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcmlere maruz kalan End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcdeccen ( Mudejar ) M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara g\u00f6stermemsinin nedenleri iyi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131yd\u0131 (M.\u00c7.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar planl\u0131 ve sistematik bir \u015fekilde \u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 yanda\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tasfiyeye u\u011frad\u0131. (Osmanl\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00e7ok ciddi i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f tehditlerle u\u011fra\u015fmakta, y\u00fcre\u011fi kan a\u011flasa da End\u00fcl\u00fcs M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kamamaktayd\u0131 M.\u00c7.) M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 daha sonraki y\u0131llarda Kuzey Afrika&#8217;ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcne yolland\u0131. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 1609 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Valencia, Sevilla ve Granada\u2019da yerle\u015fik ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Geride kalan End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar tarihin en dramatik trajedisine u\u011fram\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Y\u00fcz binlercesi ate\u015flerde yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye zorlanm\u0131\u015f ve kimliklerini gizlemek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Tarihin bir y\u00fcz\u00fcnde kimliklerini gizlemek zorunda kalan (Moriscos) ma\u011fribli kripto M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar olarak an\u0131lacaklard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>\u0130spanyadan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Yahudilerin o d\u00f6nem 2. Bayezit ve o\u011flu Yavuz Sultan Selim (Padi\u015fahl\u0131k s\u00fcresi: 1512-1520) taraf\u0131ndan Edirne ve Selanik\u2019e yerle\u015ftirilmesine ait belgenin D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Avrupa Konseyi \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi dilek\u00e7esi vard\u0131r.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Ama, Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fivlerinde 1492-1522 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda M\u00fcdeccen End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fclerin, \u0130spanyadan Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair belge bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Son End\u00fcl\u00fcs Devleti olan Granada Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcne u\u011framas\u0131 Yahudi \u00f6nde gelenleri taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilmi\u015f ve tezg\u00e2hlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/b> Resmi tarih, bizlere M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da Yahudilerle birlikte \u0130spanya engizisyonunun zulm\u00fcne maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Katolik g\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ve Yahudilerin ayn\u0131 safta oldu\u011fu yalan\u0131n\u0131 yazmaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">1492&#8217;den beri yap\u0131lan propagandalarda ve bu propaganday\u0131 yapanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda da T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de \u00f6nemli etkinlikler g\u00f6stermi\u015f olan 500. Y\u0131l Vakf\u0131 geliyordu, hep Yahudiler ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ayn\u0131 saftaki mazlum halklar olarak tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. <b>Ama \u015fimdiye dek ortaya serdi\u011fimiz bilgiler, olay\u0131n pek de \u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 1492&#8217;de olanlar\u0131n Yahudi cemaatinin \u00f6nde gelenlerinin (Kabalac\u0131lar\u0131n) kontrol\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ortaya koymaktayd\u0131.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Tarihi ger\u00e7ekler \u0130spanya&#8217;da 1492&#8217;de ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte Yahudi \u00f6nde gelenlerinin hedefleri do\u011frultusunda kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Yahudi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn de, asl\u0131nda Mesih ile ilgili kehanetleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye u\u011fra\u015fan Kabalac\u0131larca planland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktayd\u0131. Bug\u00fcne kadar kimse End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fclere yap\u0131lan katliam\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1492 denildi\u011finde herkesin akl\u0131na hep \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n Yahudi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc tak\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Yahudi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc, End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n katliam\u0131n\u0131 bu propagandalar sayesinde g\u00f6lgede b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 2 Ocak 1492\u2019de Granada\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal ederek son End\u00fcl\u00fcs devletine son verdi. Daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde Engizisyon, G\u0131rnata S\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshederek End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n din de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerini istedi. Yahudiler s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildikten sonra geride kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u0130spanyadan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Yahudiler kadar \u015fansl\u0131 de\u011fildi. <b>Dinlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, engizisyon mahkemelerinde tarihte e\u015fi benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kurban edildi. <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Engizisyonun b\u00fct\u00fcn bu bask\u0131lar\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7iremedi. Ger\u00e7ekte onlar, \u0130slam\u2019a olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gizlice de olsa devam ettirmi\u015flerdi. Nitekim H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131rma faaliyetlerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden bir as\u0131rl\u0131k bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7tikten sonra 1601 senesinde piskopos Ribera&#8217;n\u0131n haz\u0131rlay\u0131p kraliyet kat\u0131na sundu\u011fu rapor da M\u00fcdeccen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, onlar\u0131n zay\u0131f imanl\u0131 olmalar\u0131ndan de\u011fil, bilakis atalar\u0131 gibi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kalmaya olan azimlerinden, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla de H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa hi\u00e7 inanmam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Zorla H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir ailenin torunlar\u0131ndan olan sosyalist aristokrat \u0130spanyol Tarih\u00e7i, Prof. Dr. Rodrigo de Zayas, \u0130spanya&#8217;da M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f korkun\u00e7 katliam\u0131n bilan\u00e7osunu 500 y\u0131l sonra \u0130spanya Kraliyet ar\u015fivindeki belgeler ile g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanya Kraliyet Ar\u015fivlerindeki belgelere g\u00f6re End\u00fcl\u00fcs\u2019te 1492 ile 1609 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda (<b>3.000.000) \u00fc\u00e7 milyona yak\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n engizisyon mahkemelerinde yak\u0131larak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/b> yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131tlar d\u00f6nemin Engizisyon mahkemelerinden sorumlu \u0130spanya Kardinali Richelieu\u2019nun g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinde bulunmu\u015f ve daha sonra Kraliyet akademisin ar\u015fivlerine aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130spanya kral\u0131 III. Felipe, Yahudilerin te\u015fvik ve tahrikiyle 22 Eyl\u00fcl 1609&#8217;da yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u00fcrg\u00fcn Ferman\u0131&#8217;yla, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130spanya&#8217;y\u0131 terk etmelerini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1609-1614 seneleri aras\u0131nda Valencia, Granada, Murcia ve Mallorca \u015fehirlerinden en az 500.000 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u0130spanya topraklar\u0131na bir daha gelmemek \u00fczere \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a name=\"_ftnref36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn36\">[36]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130spanyol H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenledi\u011fi Reconquista \u201cYeniden Fetih\u201d olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sava\u015flar\u0131n tarihine yeni bir kap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcne yollayan, din de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye zorlayan, engizisyon mahkemelerinde ate\u015flere atarak yakanlardan, do\u011frudan Katolik H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 sorumlu tutmak art\u0131k bilimsel ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Oysa burada Katoliklik, Judaizm i\u00e7in bir kamuflaj yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Peki, akademisyenlerimizin ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bu tarihi perspektif i\u00e7indeki olaylardan H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 sorumlu tutmalar\u0131n\u0131 neye ba\u011fl\u0131yoruz acaba? Bizleri yalanlarla dolu bir tarihe inand\u0131rmaktaki ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nedir? Judaizm&#8217;in kamufle edilmesi mi?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">Konverso (D\u00f6nme) Yahudiler, Katolizmin amans\u0131z savunucusu olan \u0130spanya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dini kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdi. Yahudi s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc, konverso Yahudiler taraf\u0131ndan planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde organize edilmi\u015fti. Peki ya End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc ve engizisyonun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlar\u0131 kim organize etmi\u015fti? Bunun ger\u00e7ek yan\u0131t\u0131 yine Yahudilerdi.<a name=\"_ftnref37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftn37\">[37]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>Konversolar\u0131n dini kurumlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesine benzer bir durum bizde de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Sabetayist \u015feyh\u00fclislamlar, din adamlar\u0131, tarikat liderleri, Osmanl\u0131dan Cumhuriyete her tarafa yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdi. \u0130spanya&#8217;daki konversolar kimliklerini gizleyerek dini ve siyasi kurumlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerse, Sabetayistlerde ayn\u0131 d\u00fczende Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdir.<\/b> \u0130ki hadisenin de ortak noktas\u0131 (D\u00f6nmelik) \u00e7ift kimliliktir. Judaizmin (Siyonizmin) y\u00f6ntemi b\u00f6yledir. Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130spanya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcnden sonraki d\u00f6nemdeki Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik ve siyasi politik d\u00fczeninde, uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerinde, d\u00f6nmeler s\u00f6z sahibidir, hatta Yahudi as\u0131ll\u0131 \u015feyh\u00fclislamlar\u0131n ve fetvalar\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 politikalar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi derindir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u0130spanya ve Osmanl\u0131 tarihi yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilerek analiz edilmelidir. Lakin kraliyet ar\u015fivleri ve Yahudi kaynaklar\u0131 bizleri yan\u0131ltm\u0131yorsa 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarih art\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fecektir. \u0130spanyadaki dini kurumlar\u0131 ve tarikatlar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iren Konversoluk, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da ve Cumhuriyet&#8217;te de kendini Sabetayizm&#8217;in kollar\u0131na terk etmi\u015ftir. <b>Yahudiler \u0130spanya&#8217;da H\u0131ristiyan Katolik g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, Osmanl\u0131ya gelince M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kimli\u011fine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>(Siyonizm) Judaizm en \u00e7ok tarih boyunca dini kurumlarda ve tarikatlarda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015ftir. Peki ya halk\u0131m\u0131z bug\u00fcn \u0130\u00e7imizdeki \u0130srail&#8217;i, yani partilerdeki, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerdeki, b\u00fcrokrasideki, medyadaki, hatta bir k\u0131s\u0131m dini ve milli hareketlerdeki ve sivil \u00f6rg\u00fctlerdeki sabataistleri nerden ve nas\u0131l bilecekti? <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><b>Dinimize ve devletimize h\u0131yanet ve hakaret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen hi\u00e7 kimsenin k\u00f6kenini ve gizli kimli\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131racak de\u011fildik, ama ya b\u00fcnyemize s\u0131z\u0131p, kalbimizi, beynimizi ve sinir sistemimizi fel\u00e7 etmeye u\u011fra\u015fan sinsi vir\u00fcsleri bilmeden nas\u0131l m\u00fccadele edecektik?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><b>&nbsp;<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<div><br clear=\"all\" \/> <\/p>\n<hr width=\"33%\" size=\"1\" align=\"left\" \/>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Milli Gazete \/ Zeki Ceyhan \/ 13 05 2010<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica, New Christians, 1971. Cilt 15, p.621<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> <i>Michael Alpert, Crypto-judaism and the Spanish \u0130nquisition Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York. Palgrave, 2001. p.246<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Historia Boletin\">la Historia Boletin<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> XV. Historia social, politica y religiosa de los Jud\u00edos de Espa\u00f1a y Portugal, Tomo III. Madrid.1875, p.442<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> Age. p.218<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Age. p.225<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Age. p.242<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> Age. P. 706.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica, The expulsion of 1492, Jerusalem, 1971, Vol. 15. p.446<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Historia Boletin\">la Historia Boletin<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> X, Historia Critica Literatura Espa\u00f1ola, Tomo IV.Madrid, 1863. pg.49<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">la Historia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Revista de archivos, bibliotecas y museos, Vol.17, Madrid, 1907, p.347<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> The Jewish Encylopedia, Alfonso d. Carthenega, Newyork, 1912, Bib. bkz. p.594<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Historia Boletin\">la Historia Boletin<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Historia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Segovia\">la Segovia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Madrid, 1876, Cap.27, Tomo.8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">la Historia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Historia Critica de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Literatura Espa\ufffdola\">La Literatura Espa\u00f1ola<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> Tomo IV. Cap.XIV pg.220<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica , Jerusalem, 1971, Vol.15, p.562<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">la Historia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Historia Critica de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Literatura Espa\ufffdola\">La Literatura Espa\u00f1ola<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> Tomo IV. Cap.XIV pg.220<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> Age. pg.100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Historia Boletin\">la Historia Boletin<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> XV. Historia social, politica y religiosa de los Jud\u00edos de Espa\u00f1a y Portugal, Tomo III. Madrid.1875, p.242<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a> Nathan Ausubel, Pictorial History of the Jewish People: From Bible Times to Our Own Day Throghout the World, New York: Crown Publishers. 1979, s. 109.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a> Rafael Sabatini, Torquemada and the Spanish Inquisition, London, 1913, p.256<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a> The Catholic Encylopedia, Tom\u00e1s de Torquemada, Robert Appleton Company, Ott, M. NewYork, 1912 . p.24<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a> The Catholic Encylopedia, Tom\u00e1s de Torquemada, Robert Appleton Company, Ott, M. NewYork, 1912. p.12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica, Pedro Arbues, Jerusalem, 1971. Cilt 18, p.455<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a> Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Historia\">la Historia<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">, Historia Critica de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"La Literatura Espa\ufffdola\">La Literatura Espa\u00f1ola<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> Tomo V. Cap.XIV pg.100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a> The Jewish Encylopedia, Joseph Jacobs, Cardinal X\u0131menes de C\u0131sneros, Vol.13. p. 575<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica, The expulsion of 1492, Jerusalem, 1971, Vol. 15. p.446<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a> Tora &#8211; Vayikra, Behukotay, A\u00e7\u0131klama, s.645<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a> Tora\u2013Vayikra, Behukotay, A\u00e7\u0131klama, s.649<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a> Tora \u2013 Vayikra, Behukotay, A\u00e7\u0131klama, s.827<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref30\">[30]<\/a> Tora \u2013 Devarim \u201cTekvin \u201d Bap: 28\/64-67, A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: Rabi Raphael Samson Hirsch,Ki Tavo, s.650\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref31\">[31]<\/a> \u015ealom, \u0130ssac Luria Kabala Felsefesi, 27 Ekim 1993<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a> Encyclopaedia Judaica, Jerusalem, 1971, Vol. 15, p. 1006<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref33\">[33]<\/a> Benjamin Netanyahu, Don Isaac Abravanel, Statesman &amp; Philosopher. Cornell University Press; 5th Rev edition. 1999. p.350<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref34\">[34]<\/a> \u015ealom, Sara Yanarocak, Diaspora Yahudileri, 17 Ocak 2007&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref35\">[35]<\/a> Henry Charles Lea, History of the inquisition of Spanish Vol.I, Newyork,1889, p.51<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref36\">[36]<\/a> (Real Academia de <\/span><st1:personname productid=\"la Historia Boletin\">la Historia Boletin<\/st1:personname><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"> II.), Los moriscos espa\u00f1oles y su expulsi\u00f3n, Boronat y Barrachina, Pascual, Valencia. Espa\u00f1a, 1908. Tomo II. pg.125-135<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;\"><a name=\"_ftn37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/#_ftnref37\">[37]<\/a> Odatv \/ 02 05 2010 \/ Salim Meri\u00e7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>YAHUD\u0130LER\u0130N \u0130SPANYA\u2019DAN OSMANLI\u2019YA TA\u015eINMASI VE S\u0130YON\u0130ST AMA\u00c7LARI &nbsp; Recep Bey Art\u0131k \u0130slamiyet\u2019i De\u011fil, Siyonizmi Referans Al\u0131yordu! Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan Yahudi Cemaatini kabul\u00fcnde &#8220;Siz benim referans\u0131ms\u0131n\u0131z&#8221; diyerek Yahudiperestlik yap\u0131yordu. \u015ealom gazetesi b\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yordu..! Gelin \u00f6nce \u015ealom gazetesinde verilen haberi birlikte okuyal\u0131m: &#8220;Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan: &#8220;Siz benim referans\u0131ms\u0131n\u0131z&#8221; diyordu. T\u00fcrkiye Yahudi Cemaati Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sami Herman cemaat y\u00f6neticilerinden olu\u015fan bir [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kasim-2010"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1918"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1918\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1918"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}