{"id":2559,"date":"2013-03-27T16:05:21","date_gmt":"2013-03-27T16:05:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2013\/03\/27\/tarihin-en-talihsiz-hadiselerinden-biri-yildirim-bayezid-han-ve-emir-timur-cekismesi-2\/"},"modified":"2013-03-27T16:05:21","modified_gmt":"2013-03-27T16:05:21","slug":"tarihin-en-talihsiz-hadiselerinden-biri-yildirim-bayezid-han-ve-emir-timur-cekismesi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2013\/nisan-2013\/tarihin-en-talihsiz-hadiselerinden-biri-yildirim-bayezid-han-ve-emir-timur-cekismesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarihin En Talihsiz Hadiselerinden Biri: YILDIRIM BAYEZ\u0130D HAN VE EM\u0130R T\u0130MUR \u00c7EK\u0130\u015eMES\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu yaz\u0131, tarihi ve talihsiz bir hadisenin ger\u00e7e\u011fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmak ve \u00f6zellikle, Recep T. Erdo\u011fan ve AKP ekibinin <\/span><\/b>\u201cOsmanl\u0131 ruhuna m\u0131 yoksa Timur ve ona kat\u0131lan Anadolu Beylerinin ihtiras\u0131na m\u0131\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b> sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 bulmak \u00fczere, okurlar\u0131m\u0131zdan gelen yo\u011fun talepler \u00fczerine haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cOnlar bir \u00fcmmetti, gelip ge\u00e7ti; onlar\u0131n kazand\u0131klar\u0131 (hay\u0131r-\u015fer) kendilerinin, sizin kazand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z sizindir. Siz onlar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan sorulacak de\u011filsiniz.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b>[1]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Bizim gayemiz ve gayretimiz; sadece tarihten ders almak, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki olaylar\u0131 ve \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131 daha do\u011fru tan\u0131ma ve yorumlama \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 yakalamak ve gelece\u011fimizi daha sa\u011flam temeller \u00fczerinde kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur Kimdir?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur\u2019un gen\u00e7li\u011fi Medrese ve tekkelerde, Nak\u015fi pirlerinden Emir K\u00fcla\u2019lin talebeleri i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve \u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k bir psikoloji ve farkl\u0131 bir karakterle yeti\u015fmi\u015ftir. Zalim ve k\u00e2fir Mo\u011fol Cengiz\u2019in ve varislerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir din d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yak\u0131p y\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Semerkant ve Buhara\u2019y\u0131 yeniden dirilten \u015fahsiyettir. 16 T\u00fcrk devletinden biri olan b\u00fcy\u00fck imparatorlu\u011fun banisidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBiz m\u00fcluk\u00fc Turan, emiri T\u00fcrkistan\u0131z-Biz ki T\u00fcrko\u011flu T\u00fcrk\u00fcz<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u201d<\/span><\/i> diyen Timur\u2019un Mo\u011fol g\u00f6sterilmesi art niyetlidir. Oysa Timur zalim ve vah\u015fi Mo\u011follar\u0131 \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p medenile\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ancak her tarafa h\u00e2kim olan Mo\u011fol boylar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ba\u015f olmak \u00e7ok zor oldu\u011fundan, Timur bir yolunu bulup Mavera\u00fcnnehirde h\u00fck\u00fcmdar bir Mo\u011fol olan Emir Kazagan\u2019\u0131n torunuyla evlenerek Mo\u011fol hanlar\u0131na intisab yolunu se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece daha rahat sivrilmi\u015f ve hedefine kolay y\u00fckselebilmi\u015ftir. (bizde Cengiz, H\u00fclagu, Olcay isimleri Yarg\u0131tay, Say\u0131\u015ftay, Dan\u0131\u015ftay gibi Mo\u011folcadan kapma kelimeleri baz\u0131 \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 ve din d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 kesimler kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak yayg\u0131n hale getirmi\u015ftir.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Hatta Amerikal\u0131 ve Avrupal\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve bir \u00e7ok d\u00f6nemin Arap-\u0130slam yazar\u0131 bile Timur\u2019un bir tak\u0131m y\u00fcksek meziyet ve faziletlerini teslim etmi\u015flerdir. Elbette Timur\u2019un baz\u0131 odaklarca k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131p, Osmanl\u0131ya ve Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019e h\u00fccumlar\u0131 tam bir talihsizliktir ve Timur\u2019un en b\u00fcy\u00fck vebalidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evet Timur pek \u00e7ok \u0130slam beldesini barbar Mo\u011fol zulm\u00fcnden kurtaran, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00e2limlerin ve hatta seyyidlerin (Hz. Peygamber s\u00fclalesinin), erkeklerinin k\u00f6le, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n cariye edilmesine son veren bir emirdir. Kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131p Cumhuriyetimizi kuran kadrolar\u0131n, yeni devlet ve d\u00fczenlerini savunmak ve sevdirmek \u00fczere eski sistemi ve Osmanl\u0131 halifelerini k\u00f6t\u00fclemeleri konjekt\u00fcrel siyaset s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde olsa, bir talihsizliktir. Ancak bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n tarihe \u00e7ok daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i yakla\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekir. \u0130\u015fte bak\u0131n, Sel\u00e7uklu devletine ve Anadolu T\u00fcrklerine en b\u00fcy\u00fck sald\u0131r\u0131 ve zul\u00fcmleri reva g\u00f6ren Cengiz g\u00f6klere \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p ismi tesbih gibi zikredilirken, Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 duyulan nefretin as\u0131l sebebi \u0130slam\u2019a duyulan kindir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Timur\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan eden \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131 1379\u2019da \u00f6l\u00fcnce \u00fclke 10 par\u00e7aya b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flay\u0131vermi\u015fti. Bunun \u00fczerine Timur\u2019dan yard\u0131m istenince o da \u0130ran\u2019a girmi\u015fti. O s\u0131rada k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan baz\u0131 \u015eii gruplar \u201cEy M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, ayaklan\u0131n ve Timur k\u00e2firinin ordular\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131n\u201d<\/i><\/b> diye halk\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131p Timur\u2019un 3000 kadar muhaf\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmi\u015flerdi. Bunun \u00fczerine Timur Horasan ve \u0130sfahan civar\u0131na (\u0130ran\u2019a) tekrar sefere \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p onlar\u0131 hizaya getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, \u201cAnadolu\u2019ya ka\u00e7an ve fesat \u00e7\u0131karan baz\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131bozuk-\u00e7ete reislerinin ve Anadolu\u2019da kendisine kafa tutan baz\u0131 beylerin Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan korunup kollanmas\u0131na son verilmesi\u201d<\/i><\/b> iste\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a sava\u015f ilan etmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rusya topraklar\u0131ndaki Alt\u0131nordu Han\u0131 Toktam\u0131\u015f ta, asl\u0131nda Timur\u2019un sayesinde o devlete kavu\u015ftu\u011fu halde, sonunda h\u0131yanet edip h\u00fccuma yeltenmi\u015f, Semerkant ve Buhara\u2019y\u0131 yak\u0131p y\u0131kmak \u00fczereyken tepelenmi\u015ftir. Ancak Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 Ankara seferi ve Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131 esir edip zelil d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi, kaderin bir cilvesi ve Timur\u2019un \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n yeg\u00e2ne h\u00e2kimi olma\u201d heves ve havas\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131 bir neticesidir. \u201cAynen Hz. Ali (R.A) ile Hz. Muaviye aras\u0131ndaki kanl\u0131 kap\u0131\u015fmalar gibi, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ve Timur gibi iki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadeleye esef edip \u00fcz\u00fclmek gerekir ama bunlar\u0131n \u015fahsiyetine h\u00fccum etmek yersizdir\u201d<\/i><\/b> diyenler, bize g\u00f6re a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir h\u00fcsniyet ve iyimserlik pe\u015findedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Haf\u0131z \u015eirazi, \u0130ran seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Timur\u2019un kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na, eski p\u00fcsk\u00fc elbiselerle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cE\u011fer bir acem g\u00fczeline a\u015f\u0131k olsam, Semerkant ve Buhara\u2019n\u0131n servetini onun beline kemer olarak takar\u0131m\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b> m\u0131sralar\u0131 kendisine sorulunca:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cEy cihangir Sultan\u0131m \u00f6yle bol keseden alt\u0131n kemer da\u011f\u0131tmasayd\u0131m, b\u00f6yle fakir ve zelil kal\u0131r m\u0131yd\u0131m?\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b> demi\u015f ve onun \u015fefaatiyle \u015eiraz halk\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r vergileri indirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ankara sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te Osmanl\u0131 \u015fairlerinden Ahmedi ile bir hamamda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan Timur\u2019un \u201cSenin nazar\u0131nda ka\u00e7 milyon alt\u0131n ederim?\u201d<\/i> yollu espirisi \u00fczerine \u015fair Ahmedi ona \u201ck\u0131rk ak\u00e7e edersiniz!\u201d<\/i> yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f, Timur ise;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cYahu insaf eyle, sadece \u00fczerimdeki \u015fu pe\u015ftemali k\u0131rk ak\u00e7eye ald\u0131m\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b> deyince Ahmedi:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cZaten ben de onun de\u011ferini s\u00f6yledim!\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Yani; \u201cSen bir kuru\u015f bile etmezsin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fahsi inat ve ihtiras\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, cihat ve f\u00fctuhat kahraman\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019e sava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131p, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve heyecan\u0131n\u0131 kestin. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 k\u00e2firleri ve hain \u00e7evreleri sevindirdin. G\u00f6relim b\u00f6yle a\u011f\u0131r bir vebalin kefaretini nas\u0131l \u00f6deyeceksin?\u201d demeye getirmi\u015f ve herkes cezaland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beklerken, Timur onu affetmi\u015f ve \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Emir Timur\u2019la \u0130lgili Genel Bilgiler:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur<\/span><\/b> (\u00c7a\u011fatayca: – Tem\u00fcr, “demir”;<\/i> Eski Osmanl\u0131ca: Tim\u00fcr<\/i> yaz\u0131l\u0131p, “demir”<\/i> telaffuz edilir; Bat\u0131da bilinen ismiyle Timurlenk<\/b>, Mavera\u00fcnnehirli T\u00fcrk komutan ve h\u00fck\u00fcmdar, B\u00fcy\u00fck Timur \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun kurucusu olarak bilinir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ailesi ve Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur\u2019un babas\u0131 Muhammed Turagay, \u00c7a\u011fatay Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sonradan T\u00fcrkle\u015fmi\u015f bir Mo\u011fol a\u015fireti olan Barlaslar\u0131n lideriydi, Cengiz Han’\u0131n soyundan gelmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in “Han” \u00fcnvan\u0131 yerine “Emir” \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 tercih etmi\u015fti. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Timur, Cengiz Han soyundan olanlara damat oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, kendisine damat anlam\u0131na gelen emir Gurkani<\/i> \u00fcnvan\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. 1336 senesinde Mavera\u00fcnnehir\u2019de Semerkand\u2019la Belh aras\u0131nda Ke\u015f (di\u011fer ad\u0131yla \u015eehrisebz) kasabas\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. Timur, babas\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra emirler aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7imsizlikler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden memlekette anar\u015finin h\u00e2kim olmas\u0131 \u00fczerine siyasete girmi\u015fti. M\u00e2vera\u00fcnnehir H\u00e2kimi Emir H\u00fcseyin ile birlikte Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Tu\u011fluk Timur\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmi\u015flerdi. Kendisi T\u00fcrk dilini ve kimli\u011fini benimsemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Fars geleneklerini (\u00f6rne\u011fin divan te\u015fkilat\u0131) devlete ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Saltanat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015fti ama Fars\u00e7a resmi dil haline getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Siyasi ve Askeri becerisi:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur, 1360’ta Mavera\u00fcnnehir’de \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcne eri\u015fmi\u015fti. \u00c7a\u011fatay Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131 kazan\u0131p kendi h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015fti. 1369\u2019da, Emir H\u00fcseyin ile aras\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan Timur, onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra M\u00e2ver\u00e2\u00fcnnehir\u2019e tek ba\u015f\u0131na h\u00e2kim olup Semerkand\u2019a gelerek tahta ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Timur, yedi senede \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na alabilmi\u015f, Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 ve Irak\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. Yine 1371 ve 1379 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seferlerle Harezm\u2019i kendine boyun e\u011fdirdi. Timur, 1389\u2019a kadar be\u015f sefer yaparak Uygurlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na sokup, Alt\u0131nordu Prensi Toktam\u0131\u015f\u2019\u0131 destekleyerek Alt\u0131nordu h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirmi\u015fti. Ancak Toktam\u0131\u015f Han, Emir Timur’a ihanet edince, 1390 ve 1391\u2019de onu iki kere ma\u011flup ederek, \u0130til Irma\u011f\u0131 do\u011fusuna kadar h\u00e2kimiyetini geni\u015fletmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sonra Hindistan \u00fczerine de sefer a\u00e7an Timur, 1399\u2019da Kuzey Hindistan\u2019\u0131 zapt etti. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn sava\u015flar\u0131 kazanan Emir Timur, 1400’de Ermenistan ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a, 1401-1402\u2019de Suriye\u2019ye girdi. Halep ve \u015eam’\u0131 da ald\u0131ktan sonra Memluklular\u0131 bozguna u\u011fratt\u0131 ve 1401 Haziran\u0131nda Ba\u011fdat’\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdi. Daha sonra Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1402 Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131 sonunda baz\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na ald\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019da 12 y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek Fetret Devri’ne sebebiyet verdi. Bu onun belki de en b\u00fcy\u00fck vebali, gurur ve kibirin bir neticesiydi. B\u00f6ylece \u00c7in\u2019e ve Delhi\u2019ye kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn Asya\u2019y\u0131, Irak, Suriye ve \u0130zmir\u2019e kadar Anadolu\u2019yu ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. 200.000 ki\u015filik bir ordunun ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019e sefere giderken \u015eubat 1405\u2019te Sir Derya yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Otrar’da vefat etmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Timur, pek \u00e7ok medrese ve k\u00fct\u00fcphane yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, bilhassa Semerkant \u015fehrini imar etmi\u015fti. Burada g\u00f6rkemli sanat eserleri diktirip, Semerkant’\u0131 \u00f6rnek ve zengin bir \u015fehir h\u00e2line getirmi\u015fti. T\u00fcz\u00fck\u00e2t-\u0131 T\u00eem\u00fbr ad\u0131yla yasalar \u00e7\u0131karan ve kendi tarihini kendi yazan ender bir \u015fahsiyetti. \u00c7a\u011fatay dilinde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kitaplar Fars\u00e7a’ya ve Avrupa dillerine de terc\u00fcme edildi. Avrupa edebiyat\u0131nda kendisine geni\u015f yer verilmi\u015f, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok eser ne\u015fredilmi\u015ftir. Bu eserlerin pek \u00e7o\u011funda Timur’dan iyi kalpli ve b\u00fcy\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmdar olarak bahsedilmektedir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Timur \u00f6ncesinde T\u00fcrkistan T\u00fcrkleri g\u00f6\u00e7ebeydi, O, M\u00e2ver\u00e2\u00fcnnehr\u2019i \u015fehirle\u015ftirdi ve Obalar\u0131 isk\u00e2n etti. Su kanallar\u0131 in\u015fas\u0131yla toplumu tar\u0131ma ge\u00e7irdi. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirleri ticaret yollar\u0131na ba\u011flay\u0131p imar etti. Fetihleriyle \u00e2limleri, sanatk\u00e2rlar\u0131 Orta Asya\u2019ya getirtti. Taftazani gibi \u00e2limleri meclisinde bulundurur, nasihatlerini dinlerdi. Timur bizzat komuta etti\u011fi hi\u00e7bir sava\u015f\u0131 kaybetmeyen bir emirdir. Zaman\u0131nda Fadlullah-\u0131 Hur\u00fbf\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan kurulan ve “Hur\u00fbf\u00eelik” ad\u0131 verilen bozuk f\u0131rka mensuplar\u0131 tehlike arz etmekteydi. Kendisini tanr\u0131 ilan ederek b\u00fct\u00fcn dinleri reddeden Fadlullah\u2019\u0131, Timur o\u011flu Miran\u015fah\u2019a emir vererek 1393\u2019te tepelemi\u015f ve \u0130slam \u00e2lemindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fitneyi \u00f6nlemi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Han ve Emir Timur hadisesi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonunda Timur, Sultan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019e el\u00e7ilerle mektup g\u00f6nderip, kendi h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131na boyun e\u011fmesini istemi\u015ftir. O as\u0131rda Timur\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kabilecek tek ceng\u00e2ver konumundaki Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m ise \u201csen kimsin ve kendini ne zannedersin? Bu \u00fclkeyi fethedip bize emanet b\u0131rakan Osmanl\u0131 ceddimdir. Gelece\u011fin varsa g\u00f6rece\u011finde vard\u0131r\u201d<\/i> gibi a\u011f\u0131r bir yan\u0131t g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Hatta Sivas, Amasya ve Tokat civar\u0131na h\u00fckmeden kad\u0131 Burhanettin, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a \u201cTimur\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 birlikte hareket etme\u201d teklifi g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve takdir edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak kad\u0131 Burhanettin Akkoyunlu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Karay\u00fcl\u00fck Osman Bey\u2019le yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015fta yenilince, onun topraklar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bu durum Timur\u2019u daha da hasetle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve hele Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131n Malatya ve Erzincan\u2019a girmesi h\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131 bilemi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Anadolu\u2019ya gelen Timur Sivas\u2019\u0131 al\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fck katliama giri\u015fmi\u015f ve tekrar Suriye\u2019ye ge\u00e7mi\u015f, Yezid Bin Muaviye\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131 buldurup tahrip etmi\u015ftir. Suriye\u2019den sonra Timur kendine rakip g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019\u0131 halletmek \u00fczere d\u00f6n\u00fcp Ankara\u2019ya gelmi\u015ftir. 1402 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7ubuk Ovas\u0131nda korkun\u00e7 bir kap\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u00d6nceden Osmanl\u0131ya boyun e\u011fmek zorunda kalan ve o esnada Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n saf\u0131nda yer alan baz\u0131 beylerin, ikbal ve iktidar hevesindeki baz\u0131 gafillerin ani bir h\u0131yanetle Timur\u2019un taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7meleri, talih Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a g\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015fken, birden durum de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f ve Osmanl\u0131 ordusunda panik ve yenilgi ba\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015f ve maalesef Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m yenilip esir edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Bizim Tespit ve Tahlillerimize g\u00f6re:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Vatikan papas\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fvik ve tahriki ile \u00f6zel se\u00e7ilip Anadolu\u2019ya yollanan ve b\u00f6lge halk\u0131ndan para ile sat\u0131n al\u0131nan ajanlar\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir etkendir. Meml\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Berkuk\u2019un Avrupa\u2019da H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 parlak zaferler kazanan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019i, Timur\u2019dan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlike sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nemin M\u0131s\u0131r maliki ba\u015f kad\u0131s\u0131 me\u015fhur \u0130bni Haldun\u2019a itiraf etmesi, <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ve yine Ankara galibiyeti \u00fczerine Timur\u2019un tutup Fransa Kral\u0131 VI. \u015earla ve \u0130ngiltere Kral\u0131 IV. Henri\u2019ye mektup yaz\u0131p \u201cNi\u011fbolu\u2019nun r\u00f6van\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yleyip onlar\u0131 sevindirmesi\u2026<\/span><\/b>[2]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> Bizim bu kanaatimizi peki\u015ftirmektedir. Kald\u0131 ki Timur\u2019un \u00e7evresindeki baz\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e2limler \u201cOsmanl\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n sancaktar\u0131d\u0131r ve k\u00fcffara kar\u015f\u0131 cihat yapmaktad\u0131r. Onlarla sava\u015fmak d\u00fcnyevi ve uhrevi kay\u0131pt\u0131r.\u201d<\/i> diyerek onu yumu\u015fatmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131klar\u0131 bilinmektedir. Bunun \u00fczerine, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a daha m\u00fclayim bir mektup yaz\u0131p \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 ve sayg\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131\u201d istemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Timur b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gurur ve kibir abidesidir. Timur\u2019un bu teklifine kar\u015f\u0131 belki daha temkinli ve dikkatli davranmas\u0131 gerekirken, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m da cihangirlik onuruna bunu yedirememi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n

Timur Sivas ve Tokat tutuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, Sava\u015f i\u00e7in Ankara \u00c7ubuk ovas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mi\u015f ve Beyazid Han\u2019dan en az 1 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce oraya gitmek \u00fczere b\u00f6lgeye vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n s\u00fcvarilerini tepelerde haz\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131vermi\u015ftir. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n \u00e7evresi, hemen h\u00fccum edip Timur\u2019u tepelemek tekliflerini Sultan Bayezid a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir \u00f6zg\u00fcvenle reddetmi\u015f <\/span><\/b>\u201cyar\u0131n onlarla bir meydan muharebesi yap\u0131p hadlerini bildirelim\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/b> demi\u015ftir. Bu asil tav\u0131r kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a etkilenen Timur\u2019un morali gev\u015femi\u015f, sabaha kadar dua etmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ve sabahleyin sava\u015f ba\u015flay\u0131nca \u00f6nceleri Osmanl\u0131 galip gelmi\u015fken, haset\u00e7i ve f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131 Anadolu beylerinin, \u00f6nceden ortakla\u015fa tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ve k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gibi, birden saf de\u011fi\u015ftirip Timur\u2019un taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7meleri ve hatta Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bile gev\u015feklik g\u00f6sterip meydan\u0131 terk etmeleri sonucu yine y\u0131lmayan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, birka\u00e7 bin Yeni\u00e7eriyle sava\u015fmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f ve maalesef sonunda kaybetmi\u015ftir. Timur\u2019un korkun\u00e7 direnci ve sava\u015f filleri de \u00f6nemli bir etkendir. Ve tabii unutulmas\u0131n ki; Timur devleti 50 y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden bitip t\u00fckenmi\u015f, ama Osmanl\u0131 tekrar derlenip \u0130stanbul\u2019u fethetmi\u015f ve Cihan Medeniyetini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b> <\/span>Timur 120 bin askeriyle 9 ay\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da ge\u00e7irip sonra d\u00f6n\u00fcp gidecektir. Bu arada \u0130zmir\u2019e de girmi\u015f ve H\u0131ristiyan \u015f\u00f6valyelerini defetmi\u015ftir. K\u00fctahya Beylerbeyi kendisine hazineleri takdim ederken Timur: \u201cBu serveti cihat yolunda ve velinimetin Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid u\u011frunda kullan\u0131p, ordu haz\u0131rlay\u0131p bu durumlara d\u00fc\u015fmeseydin daha iyi olmaz m\u0131yd\u0131?\u201d<\/i><\/b> deyince Timurta\u015f pa\u015fan\u0131n \u201cBenim efendim sonradan g\u00f6rme ve yeni yetme birisi de\u011fildi. O sultano\u011flu Sultan olan \u015ferefli bir \u015fahsiyettir ve kullar\u0131n\u0131n mal\u0131na g\u00f6z dikmemi\u015ftir\u201d yan\u0131t\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a etkilenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131 ve iki k\u0131z\u0131 da Bursa\u2019da esir edilmi\u015ftir. O\u011flu Musa \u00c7elebi de esir d\u00fc\u015fenlerden idi. Ve Timur o k\u0131zlardan birini kendi torunu ile evlendirmi\u015f, di\u011fer k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 en y\u00fcksek komutan\u0131na nik\u00e2h etmi\u015f, han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ise Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n hizmetine vermi\u015ftir. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ismi Maria Olivera idi. Hatta: Timur\u2019un Osmanl\u0131yla akrabal\u0131k \u015ferefine ermek i\u00e7in kendi k\u0131zlar\u0131ndan birini Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu \u0130sa \u00c7elebi\u2019ye vermek istedi\u011fi rivayet edilmektedir. \u0130sa \u00c7elebi ve \u00c7elebi Mehmet Timur\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015fler ve art\u0131k takip edilmemi\u015flerdir. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131, S\u0131rp Kral\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 idi. Fatih \u00d6ncesi Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131 akrabal\u0131k kursunlar diye Balkan \u00fclkeleri Krallar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcr k\u0131zlar\u0131 ile ve Anadolu beylerinin k\u0131zlar\u0131 ile evlenmi\u015flerdir. Fatih\u2019ten sonra, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan yabanc\u0131 d\u00f6nme cariyelerle evlenmek prensibi benimsenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid Han, ordusundaki Kara Tatarlar\u0131n h\u0131yaneti ve Anadolu Beylerine ba\u011fl\u0131 Sipahilerin Timur taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi \u00fczerine, Veziri Azam Veli Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ve Yeni\u00e7eri A\u011fas\u0131na, \u201co\u011flu S\u00fcleyman \u00c7elebi\u2019yi al\u0131p gitmelerini b\u00f6ylece ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u015fey gelmesi halinde Osmanl\u0131 devletini yeniden derleyip toparlayacak bir \u015fehzadenin sa\u011f kal\u0131p kurtulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini\u201d<\/i> bizzat kendisi s\u00f6yledi\u011fi rivayet edilmektedir ve bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir tespittir. Bu arada ihtiyat kuvvetlerinin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u015fehzade \u00c7elebi Mehmet\u2019te maiyetindeki birka\u00e7 bin ki\u015fi ile Amasya\u2019ya y\u00f6nlenmi\u015fti. Emrinde kalan \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt bin ki\u015filik kuvvetle Timur\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 kahramanca direnen ve m\u00fcthi\u015f bir yarma harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015farmak \u00fczereyken at\u0131 t\u00f6kezleyince esir d\u00fc\u015fen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Timur\u2019un yan\u0131nda E\u011fridir\u2019in zapt\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hastalan\u0131p Ak\u015fehir\u2019e g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f ve me\u015fhur t\u0131p \u00e2limi \u0130zzettin Mesut \u015eiraziyi tedavisi i\u00e7in getirtmi\u015f, ama maalesef bu kah\u0131rlara dayanamayan Bayezid Han sonunda vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesini \u00fc\u00e7e b\u00f6len Timur, Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda taht kavgalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanl\u0131 bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece Osmanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 1. Murat d\u00f6nemindeki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na \u00e7ekilmi\u015fti. Ancak Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131n o\u011flu \u00c7elebi Mehmet sonunda, b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve sars\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelip, bu fetret d\u00f6nemine son vererek Osmanl\u0131 birli\u011fini yeniden tesis edecek ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un Fethine giden yoldaki p\u00fcr\u00fczleri temizleyecekti. Timur Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 yendi\u011fini, Ha\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk belas\u0131n\u0131n halledildi\u011fini zannedecek, ama kader, bir insan \u00f6mr\u00fcnde bile k\u0131sa say\u0131lacak 50 y\u0131l kadar sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethini, bu aziz ve asil millete nasip edecekti. Rahmetli Erbakan hocam\u0131z defalarca hat\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201cCenab\u0131 Hak bizim milletimize, \u201cD\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7ler ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan art\u0131k bittiler, t\u00fckendiler, bir daha kendilerine gelemezler zannedildi\u011fi en vahim durum ve d\u00f6nemlerin hemen ard\u0131ndan, hi\u00e7 beklenmedik hamleler yapma ve zaferler kazanma yetenek ve \u015ferefi bah\u015fetmi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/i> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Bayezid (Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Han\u2019\u0131n K\u0131sa Hayat\u0131)<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u2019nci Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid<\/span><\/b> (1360, Edirne \u2013 8 Mart 1403, Ak\u015fehir) Harp sahas\u0131ndaki \u00fcst\u00fcn yetenek ve cesareti ve sava\u015f sanat\u0131ndaki ani taktik ve mahareti sebebiyle kendisine \u201cYILDIRIM\u201d unvan\u0131 verilen d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131d\u0131r. 1389’dan 1403 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Babas\u0131 Sultan I. Murat, annesi ise G\u00fcl\u00e7i\u00e7ek Hatun’dur.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftan itibaren zaman\u0131n se\u00e7kin \u00e2limlerinden genel \u0130slam e\u011fitimi ve de\u011ferli kumandanlardan askerlik, sevk ve idare dersleri alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 tarihlerinde kendisinden ilk olarak s\u00f6z edilmesi, 1381’de Germiyano\u011fullar\u0131 beyi S\u00fcleyman \u015eah’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Devlet Sultan\/Hatun’la evleni\u015fi dolay\u0131s\u0131ylad\u0131r. Bu evlilik babas\u0131 I. Murat’\u0131n Germiyan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 “gelin \u00e7eyizi” olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na katmak politikas\u0131n\u0131n sonucu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1381 y\u0131l\u0131nda evleni\u015finin takip eden y\u0131llarda devlet idaresinde yeti\u015fmesi i\u00e7in Sultan\u00f6n\u00fc Eski\u015fehir ve sonra Germiyan ili K\u00fctahya sancaklar\u0131 beyli\u011fine atand\u0131. Sancaklar\u0131n\u0131n askeriyle Anadolu ve Rumeli yakalar\u0131nda sava\u015flarda babas\u0131n\u0131n saf\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. 1385’de karde\u015fi \u015eehzade Savc\u0131 Bey’in, Bizans veliahd\u0131 Andronikos Palaiologos ile birlikte hareket ederek ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131. 1389’da S\u0131rplar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusu ile yap\u0131lan Birinci Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131’na kat\u0131ld\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun sa\u011f kanad\u0131n\u0131n komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131; sava\u015fta b\u00fcy\u00fck kahramanl\u0131k g\u00f6sterdi ve sava\u015f\u0131n Osmanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kazan\u0131lmas\u0131nda komutas\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulunan birliklerin kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ataklar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Babas\u0131 Sultan Murat, bu sava\u015f sonunda bir S\u0131rp soylusu olan Milos Obilic taraf\u0131ndan \u015fehit edilince, devlet ileri gelenlerinin m\u00fc\u015fterek karar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 taht\u0131 kendisine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ni\u011fbolu Zaferi<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1389’da ilk olarak I. Bayezid, Anadolu i\u015flerini bir k\u00f6\u015feye koyup Rumeli sorunlar\u0131na el att\u0131. Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen S\u0131rp Kral\u0131 Lazar’in yerine ge\u00e7en \u0130stvan Lazarovi\u00e7’le yeni bir anla\u015fma yap\u0131larak S\u0131rplar i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k vergi \u00f6denmesi karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131 ve yeni Kral\u0131n k\u0131z karde\u015fi Mara Despina’n\u0131n I. Bayezid ile evlenmesi i\u00e7in anla\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131. Yeni bir H\u0131ristiyan ittifak\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla Vidin, Eflak ve Bosna y\u00f6relerine Pa\u015fa Yi\u011fit, Hoca Firuz ve di\u011fer ak\u0131nc\u0131 beyleri komutas\u0131nda s\u00fcvari birlikleri Balkanlara yolland\u0131. Yo\u011fun bir T\u00fcrkmen g\u00f6\u00e7men grubunun \u00dcsk\u00fcp ve civar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmesi sa\u011fland\u0131. Venedik Cumhuriyeti el\u00e7isi Francesko Kuirini’ne Venedik ticari kolonilerine tan\u0131nan imtiyazlar\u0131n devam etmesi i\u00e7in kolayl\u0131k tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

1391 ilkbahar\u0131nda Anadolu’da Kastamonu seferi yapmaktayken Eflak Voyvodas\u0131 Mirce Tuna Nehrini ge\u00e7ip Karinabad’a sald\u0131rd\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine I. Bayezid h\u0131zla Rumeli’ye sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Arkus Ovas\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131’na Mirce komutas\u0131ndaki Eflak ordusunu bozguna u\u011fratt\u0131. Eflak Voyvadal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da Osmanl\u0131 devletine ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

1393’de de I. Bayezid Anadolu’da Amasya ve civar\u0131nda iken Macarlar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerine tekrar Rumeli’ye d\u00f6nmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bulgarlar\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olan T\u0131rnova’yi ele ge\u00e7irip Macar-Bulgar ordular\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fgaline u\u011frayan Tuna boyu kaleleri olan Silistre, Ni\u011fbolu ve Vidin’i tekrar Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine ald\u0131. Ni\u011fbolu kalesine kapanm\u0131\u015f Bulgar Kral\u0131 \u015ei\u015fman ve o\u011flu Aleksander k\u0131sa bir ku\u015fatma sonunda bu kalede I. Bayezid eline esir d\u00fc\u015fmekten kurtulamad\u0131. 1394’te Selanik ve Yeni\u015fehir’i (Mora) alan Osmanl\u0131 ordular\u0131, Teselya ve Arnavutluk’a kadar uzanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1396’da ise, yine Rumeli’nde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 23 Eyl\u00fcl 1396’da Ni\u011fbolu Sava\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve I. Bayezid \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafer kazand\u0131.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Anadolu Sorunlar\u0131 ve Beylerin Hizaya Sokulmas\u0131:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1389’da Osmanl\u0131ya y\u00f6nelik b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlike Anadolu T\u00fcrkmen beyliklerinin ayaklanmas\u0131yd\u0131. S\u00f6zde Yakup \u00c7elebi’nin \u00f6c\u00fcn\u00fc almak \u00fczere, Germiyanl\u0131, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131, Saruhanl\u0131, Mente\u015feli, Hamitli beylikleri ve hatta Sivas H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Kad\u0131 Burhaneddin fesatl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama\u00e7lar\u0131 giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Osmanl\u0131 devletinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rmak ve kaybettikleri topraklar tekrar geri almakt\u0131<\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1390 bahar\u0131nda I. Bayezid yan\u0131na S\u0131rp K\u0131ral\u0131 \u0130stavan Lazarovic ile Bizans \u0130mparatorunun o\u011flu ve veliahd\u0131 Manuel’i alarak ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131lar sa\u011flayan bir Anadolu seferi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. H\u0131zla hareket ederek Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131, Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131, Germiyano\u011fullar\u0131, Mente\u015feo\u011fullar\u0131 ve Hamito\u011fullar\u0131 beyliklerini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Saruhan beyleri H\u0131z\u0131r\u015fah ve Orhan Bey’in Bursa’da, Germiyanl\u0131 Yakup Bey’in \u0130psala’da ve Ayd\u0131nl\u0131 \u0130sa Bey’in ise Tire’de oturmalar\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. Antalya’ya kadar inerek Bizans\u2019\u0131n elinde bulunan Anadolu i\u00e7inde d\u00f6rt taraf\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 arazisi ile \u00e7evrilen Filedelfia (\u015fimdiki Ala\u015fehir) kalesini Bizans veliahd\u0131 Manuel’e ald\u0131rtt\u0131. O y\u0131l sonbaharda Karamano\u011flu Alaeddin Bey, Candaro\u011flu Emir S\u00fcleyman ve Sivas H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Kad\u0131 Burhaneddin aras\u0131ndaki ittifak\u0131 y\u0131kmak i\u00e7in Konya’y\u0131 ku\u015fatt\u0131. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n eni\u015ftesi olan Karamano\u011flu Alaeddin Bey bar\u0131\u015f imzalayarak \u00c7ar\u015famba Suyu’na kadar topraklar\u0131n\u0131 Osmanl\u0131lara b\u0131rakmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1391-92 k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Bursa’da ge\u00e7iren I. Bayezid 1392 bahar\u0131nda Kastamonu \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek, Candaro\u011flu topraklar\u0131n\u0131 Osmanl\u0131ya katt\u0131. Kad\u0131 Burhaneddin \u00fczerine g\u00f6nderilen \u00f6nc\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 birlikleri \u00f6nce Osmanc\u0131k kalesini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fakat Kad\u0131 Burhaneddin\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 K\u0131rk Dilim Muharebesi’nde yenilince, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun komutan\u0131 olan I. Bayezid’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu \u015eehzade Ertu\u011frul \u00c7elebi\u2019yi bu sava\u015fta \u015fehit etmi\u015fti. Kad\u0131 Burhaneddin’in Mo\u011fol as\u0131ll\u0131 ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 Anadolu Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131. I. Bayezid ise Macar ordular\u0131n\u0131n Rumeli’de yapt\u0131klar\u0131 h\u00fccumlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla Rumeli’ye d\u00f6nmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

I. Bayezid ilk f\u0131rsatta Amasya ve Tokat civar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131p bu stratejik \u00f6nemi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olan do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesini yeni bir Osmanl\u0131 eyaleti olarak organize etmi\u015f ve eyalet valili\u011fine o\u011flu I. Mehmet’i atam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O y\u0131l yaz\u0131 da I. Bayezid Rumeli’ye d\u00f6n\u00fcp Bulgar ve Macarlar\u0131n Tuna kalelerini i\u015fgalleri sorunu ile u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1396’daki en \u00f6nemli olay ise Ni\u011fbolu Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir zafer kazanan I. Bayezid bu sava\u015ftan sonra Bursa\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fcp kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ganimetlerini Bursa’n\u0131n imar\u0131na sarf etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bursa Ulu Camii bu ganimetlerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Bursa\u2019da bir hastahane, bir dar\u00fblhayr, Ebu \u0130shakane ve iki medrese de yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

1397’de I. Bayezid’\u0131n eni\u015ftesi olan Karamano\u011fullar\u0131 Beyi Alaeddin Bey O\u011fuz boylar\u0131 T\u00fcrkmenlerinden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ordu olu\u015fturup 1390\u2019da Osmanl\u0131lara kaybetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu arazileri almaya haz\u0131rlanmaktayd\u0131. I. Bayezid \u0130stanbul ku\u015fatmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakarak bir ordu ile Karamano\u011fullar\u0131 \u00fczerine varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karamanl\u0131lar ve Osmanl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Ak\u00e7ay Ovas\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131 I. Bayezid’\u0131n kesin galibiyeti ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1399’da ise tekrar bir Anadolu Seferi d\u00fczenleyen I. Bayezid, M\u0131s\u0131rdaki Memluklular elinde bulunan g\u00fcney ve g\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu y\u00f6relerini zaptu rapt alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Memluklar y\u0131llar s\u00fcren bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131 bozmu\u015flard\u0131. Fakat I. Bayezid M\u0131s\u0131r Memluk Sultan\u0131 Berkuk’un \u00f6lmesi \u00fczerine bu anla\u015fman\u0131n da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131p Malatya, Darende ve Divri\u011fi kalelerini al\u0131p Dulkadiro\u011fullar\u0131 topraklar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

O y\u0131l Uygur as\u0131ll\u0131 Erzincan Emiri Mutahharten’in te\u015fviki ile Timur bir \u00f6nc\u00fc Anadolu seferi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6lgelerini Osmanl\u0131’lara kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olan Anadolu beyleri de Mutahharren vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Timur’a yamanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Timur\u2019da ka\u00e7an Karakoyunlu Kara Yusuf Bey ve Sultan Ahmed Celayir de Osmanl\u0131’lara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019\u0131n \u0130stanbul ku\u015fatmalar\u0131!<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1400’un ilk aylar\u0131nda I. Bayezid yine \u0130stanbul ku\u015fatmas\u0131na haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Timur’un Sivas\u2019\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kayseri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir Osmanl\u0131 Anadolu eyaletleri ordusunu ma\u011flup edip da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Malatya’ya vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberlerini ald\u0131. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m A\u011fustos’ta \u0130stanbul ku\u015fatmas\u0131ndan mecburen ayr\u0131lmakla beraber, o y\u0131l Anadolu’ya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. 1402’de Timur b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ordu ile Anadolu seferi ba\u015flatt\u0131. O y\u0131l bahar\u0131nda Erzincan Kemah kalesini ku\u015fat\u0131p ald\u0131 ve Sivas \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. I. Bayezid ise ordusu ile Tokat’a gelmi\u015f ve orada ordug\u00e2h kurmu\u015ftu. Her iki taraf da bu y\u00f6rede sava\u015fa raz\u0131 olmayarak biri kuzeyden di\u011feri g\u00fcneyden K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak’\u0131 takip ederek Ankara’da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Burada 22 Temmuz,1402’de Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Timur Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131nda belirtti\u011fimiz sebepler ve geli\u015fmeler sonucu b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015f ve Ha\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bayram yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid Anadolu T\u00fcrk siyasi birli\u011fini kuran ilk Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu faaliyetleri \u00fczerine Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid, Abbasi halifesinden Sultan-\u0131 \u0130klim-i Rum (Anadolu \u00fclkesi sultan\u0131) \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Merak Edilmesin Diye S\u00f6yleyelim:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu konuyu \u015funun i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p okurlar\u0131m\u0131za aktard\u0131k; 27 \u0130slam \u00fclkesini par\u00e7alay\u0131p B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130srail\u2019e zemin haz\u0131rlama projesi olan BOP\u2019un k\u00e2hyal\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u201cYeni Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u201d k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131 ge\u00e7iren\u2026 \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n birli\u011fini ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dirli\u011fini hedefleyen \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en \u00f6nemli hareketi olan Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u2019\u00fc k\u00f6stekleyip k\u00f6rletmek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, ABD\u2019nin ve Yahudi lobilerinin g\u00f6z\u00fcne girip iktidara getirilen \u015fu AKP ve Recep T. Erdo\u011fan:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u2022  <\/span>Acaba Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019in mi yoksa, Timur Lenk\u2019in mi rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u2022  <\/span>AKP ve Recep T. Erdo\u011fan ekibi, ger\u00e7ekten Osmanl\u0131 ruhuna ve \u015fuuruna m\u0131, yoksa Ha\u00e7l\u0131 destekli basit menfaat ve iktidar h\u0131rs\u0131na m\u0131 sahiptir? Sorular\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 bulmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ve pe\u015finen belirtelim; nas\u0131l ki, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta Timur Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a galebe \u00e7alm\u0131\u015f ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, k\u0131sa bir fetret d\u00f6neminin hemen ard\u0131ndan tarihin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine bir nevi zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u2026 Aynen \u00f6yle de, AKP\u2019nin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu fetret ve Bat\u0131ya teslimiyet s\u00fcrecinin hemen ard\u0131ndan yeni bir Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u015fahlan\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

AKP\u2019nin \u201cMilli irade ve demokratik idare\u201d<\/i> gibi kavramlar\u0131n arkas\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131 tam bir aldatmacad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kavram karga\u015fas\u0131 alt\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Bat\u0131n\u0131n kuyru\u011fu ve k\u00fcresel Siyonizm\u2019in uyumlu bir uyru\u011fu yap\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00dcstelik \u201cMilli \u0130rade\u201d Jan Jak Rosso taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lan ve demokrasi k\u0131l\u0131fl\u0131 gizli despotizme gerek\u00e7e yap\u0131lan bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki bir se\u00e7imde diyelim be\u015f parti i\u00e7erisinde %30 oy alan iktidara gelip kendisini Milli \u0130radenin temsilcisi diye yutturmakla ve %70\u2019i bir nevi esir almaktad\u0131r. Oysa Milli \u0130rade yerine \u201cMilli Egemenlik\u201d kavram\u0131 daha tutarl\u0131d\u0131r. Ve tabii \u201cEgemenlik kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z Meclisin ve yeterli oyu kotaran partinin ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetindir\u201d <\/i>mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 da sakatt\u0131r ve demokratik bir sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylesine istismara ve suistimale a\u00e7\u0131k bir sistemde, halk bir nevi kand\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve doland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kiral\u0131k medya ile kafalar kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve toplum hipnozlanmaktad\u0131r. GDA\u2019lar (Geneti\u011fi De\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f Ayd\u0131nlar) ise s\u00fcper \u015feytanlar hesab\u0131na insanlar\u0131n beyinlerini y\u0131kamaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda halk\u0131 su\u00e7lamak ve hele onlar\u0131n inanc\u0131na ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na sata\u015fmak ise, ayr\u0131 bir \u015fap\u015fall\u0131kt\u0131r. Milleti bu hipnozdan kurtarman\u0131n ve onlar\u0131n inanc\u0131yla uzla\u015f\u0131p kucakla\u015fman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 aray\u0131p bulmak laz\u0131md\u0131r ve \u015fimdi bunun tam zaman\u0131d\u0131r. Ve Adil D\u00fczen art\u0131k ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n


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[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Bakara: 134-141<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> Bak: Mukrimin Halil Y\u0131nan\u00e7-Bayezid-1, 2.cilt. Sh. 378<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131, tarihi ve talihsiz bir hadisenin ger\u00e7e\u011fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmak ve \u00f6zellikle, Recep T. Erdo\u011fan ve AKP ekibinin \u201cOsmanl\u0131 ruhuna m\u0131 yoksa Timur ve ona kat\u0131lan Anadolu Beylerinin ihtiras\u0131na m\u0131\u201d sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 bulmak \u00fczere, okurlar\u0131m\u0131zdan gelen yo\u011fun talepler \u00fczerine haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cOnlar bir \u00fcmmetti, gelip ge\u00e7ti; onlar\u0131n kazand\u0131klar\u0131 (hay\u0131r-\u015fer) kendilerinin, sizin kazand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z sizindir. Siz onlar\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nisan-2013"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2559"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2559\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}