{"id":2701,"date":"2013-09-20T23:20:34","date_gmt":"2013-09-20T23:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2013\/09\/20\/ehl-i-sunnetin-inanci-ve-temel-esaslari\/"},"modified":"2013-09-20T23:20:34","modified_gmt":"2013-09-20T23:20:34","slug":"ehl-i-sunnetin-inanci-ve-temel-esaslari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/ozel-yazilar\/ehl-i-sunnetin-inanci-ve-temel-esaslari\/","title":{"rendered":"EHL-\u0130 S\u00dcNNET\u0130N \u0130NANCI VE TEMEL ESASLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

S\u00fcnnet\u2019i Terk Etme Tehlikesi ve Sapk\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u015eayet \u00f6rneksiz ve rehbersiz, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 Kerim\u2019i do\u011fru anlamak ve uygulamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsayd\u0131, Cenab\u0131 Hak ayr\u0131ca Peygamber g\u00f6ndermez, bizzat yaparak ve ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011fretmek \u00fczere Aleyhis-salat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimizi g\u00f6revlendirmezdi. Kur\u2019an ayetlerini yaz\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcshalar halinde K\u00e2be\u2019nin dam\u0131na indirir \u201cgidip al\u0131n, okuyun anlay\u0131n ve uygulay\u0131n\u201d diye emrederdi. Ama o takdirde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar nas\u0131l namaz k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, nas\u0131l oru\u00e7 tutaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, nas\u0131l Hac yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Zekat emrini nas\u0131l uygulayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dahi bilmezdi. Bug\u00fcn \u201cKur\u2019an bize k\u00e2fidir. Hadis\u2019i \u015eerifler ve S\u00fcnnet gereksizdir\u201d diyenler, asl\u0131nda Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 Kerim\u2019i keyfince yorumlay\u0131p yozla\u015ft\u0131rmak, b\u00f6ylece mesuliyet ve m\u00fckellefiyetlerden kurtulmak hevesinde olan kimseler ve onlara uyan cahillerdir.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Necmettin Erbakan<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dinin elden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcnnetin terkiyle ba\u015flar. Halat nas\u0131l lif lif kopup par\u00e7alan\u0131rsa, din de s\u00fcnnetin birer birer terkiyle ortadan kalkar.[1]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\u0130slam tarihinde \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde \u00e7e\u015fitli sapmalar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 mezhepler, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnden uzakla\u015farak \u00e7e\u015fitli sapk\u0131n itikatlara sahip olmu\u015f, sapk\u0131n uygulamalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hariciler\u2019den Batiniler\u2019e, Fat\u0131miler\u2019den Mutezile\u2019ye kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli f\u0131rkalar, \u00e7e\u015fitli sapk\u0131nl\u0131k dereceleriyle, Kuran\u2019\u0131n ve Allah Resul\u00fc’n\u00fcn (s.a.v.) yolundan sap\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemlerde bu sapmalara bir yenisi daha kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 insanlar, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetini gereksiz ve ge\u00e7ersiz saymaktad\u0131r. “Kuran\u2019\u0131 okuyup anlar\u0131z, Resulullah\u2019tan (s.a.v.) gelen bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya muhta\u00e7 olmadan onu kendi ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za uygular\u0131z”<\/i> diyenler \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen s\u00fcnnete y\u00fcz \u00e7evirip \u0130slam yozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Oysa “yaln\u0131zca Kur\u2019an” slogan\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu “s\u00fcnnet\u2019i terk etmi\u015f \u0130slam” ak\u0131m\u0131, bizzat Kuran\u2019\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fcnnet, Kuran\u2019\u0131n bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131d\u0131r ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi, Kuran\u2019da bizzat emredilmi\u015ftir. Allah (c.c.), bizleri yaln\u0131zca Kitap\u2019a itaatle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc k\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda Resulullah\u2019a (s.a.v.) itaati de farz olarak emretmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle, \u0130slam ancak s\u00fcnnetle birlikte ger\u00e7ek din haline gelir. Kur\u2019an, ancak s\u00fcnnetin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00fcmmet taraf\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131p uygulanabilir. S\u00fcnnet ise, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) sahih hadislerinin toplanmas\u0131 ve sonra da b\u00fcy\u00fck alimler taraf\u0131ndan yorumlanmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fan Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle belirginle\u015fir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Emretti\u011fi S\u00fcnnet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, “s\u00fcnneti terk etmi\u015f \u0130slam”<\/i><\/strong> tehlikesine cevap vermek gerekir. \u00d6ncelikle bilinmelidir ki, s\u00fcnnet, Kuran\u2019dan ayr\u0131 de\u011fildir. S\u00fcnnet; son ilahi kitap Kuran\u2019\u0131n -Kuran\u2019\u0131n ifadeleriyle- son peygamber, alemlere rahmet, b\u00fcy\u00fck ahlak sahibi, m\u00fcminlere pek d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn, onlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fmesi kendisine \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r gelen, onlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcklerini \u00fczerlerindeki taassup zincirlerini indiren Allah (c.c.) el\u00e7isi Hz. Muhammed (s.a.v.) taraf\u0131ndan ortaya konmu\u015f evrensel yorumu ve tatbikidir. Bu yorum olmadan Kuran\u2019\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Kuran m\u00fcminlere; di\u011fer m\u00fcminlere kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fefkatli olmay\u0131, g\u00fczel s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylemeyi, tevazulu davranmay\u0131, k\u00e2firlere kar\u015f\u0131 ise, sert ve cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmay\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir. Temizli\u011fi ve namaz\u0131 farz etmi\u015ftir. Ancak bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi Kur\u2019an\u2019da detayl\u0131 bildirilmemi\u015ftir. Nas\u0131l \u015fefkat g\u00f6sterilece\u011fi, nas\u0131l “sert ve cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131” davran\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, namaz\u0131n nas\u0131l eda edilece\u011fi, bunlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc belirtilmemi\u015ftir. Peki m\u00fcmin, bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l ve ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nereden \u00f6\u011frenecektir. Kur\u2019an \u015fu h\u00fckm\u00fc verir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Andolsun, sizin i\u00e7in, Allah\u2019\u0131 ve ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc umanlar ve Allah\u2019\u0131 \u00e7ok\u00e7a zikredenler i\u00e7in Allah\u2019\u0131n Res\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019nde (her konuda uyal\u0131cak) g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnek vard\u0131r.”[2]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Resulullah (s.a.v.), \u00f6rnektir. M\u00fcmin, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetine bakar ve uygulamalar\u0131 oradan \u00f6\u011frenir. Nitekim s\u00fcnnete bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hemen g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ki, Resulullah (s.a.v.) \u00fcmmetine her konuyu \u00f6\u011fretmi\u015f, onlar\u0131n izzet ve \u015ferefine yara\u015f\u0131r davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015flerle me\u015fguliyet gibi bir basitlik de\u011fil, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 bile ihmal etmeme derecesinde bir ciddiyet, sorumluluk ve hassasiyet g\u00f6zetilmi\u015ftir. Bu durum, Resulullah (s.a.v.)\u2019\u0131n \u00fcmmetine Kuran ile birlikte bir de “hikmet\u201di \u00f6\u011fretmekte olu\u015funun bir gere\u011fidir. Bir ayet, bu konuyu \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klar:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Andolsun ki Allah, m\u00fc\u2019minlere, i\u00e7lerinde kendilerinden onlara bir peygamber g\u00f6ndermekle l\u00fctufta bulunmu\u015ftur. (Ki O) Onlara ayetlerini okuyor, onlar\u0131 ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor ve onlara Kitab\u0131 ve hikmeti \u00f6\u011fretiyor. Ondan \u00f6nce ise onlar apa\u00e7\u0131k bir sap\u0131kl\u0131k i\u00e7indeydiler.”[3]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong> Alimlerimiz ayetteki \u201cHikmet\u201din s\u00fcnnet oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resulullah\u2019a \u0130taat<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) m\u00fcminler i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem, ona hitap eden ayetlerde \u015f\u00f6yle vurgulan\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u015e\u00fcphesiz, biz seni bir \u015fahid, bir m\u00fcjde verici ve bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 olarak g\u00f6nderdik. Ki Allah\u2019a ve Res\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne iman etmeniz, O\u2019nu savunup-desteklemeniz, O\u2019nu en i\u00e7ten bir sayg\u0131yla-y\u00fcceltmeniz ve sabah ak\u015fam O\u2019nu (Allah\u2019\u0131) tesbih etmeniz i\u00e7in. (Ey Resul\u00fcm) \u015e\u00fcphesiz sana biat edenler, ancak Allah\u2019a biat etmi\u015flerdir. Allah\u2019\u0131n eli, onlar\u0131n ellerinin \u00fczerindedir. \u015eu halde, kim ahdini bozarsa, art\u0131k o, ancak kendi aleyhine ahdini bozmu\u015f olur. Kim de Allah\u2019a verdi\u011fi ahdine vefa g\u00f6sterirse, art\u0131k O da, ona b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ecir verecektir.”[4]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Resulullah\u2019a biat eden, Allah\u2019a biat etmi\u015ftir. Bu ilahi kural, bir ba\u015fka ayette \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r:<\/span> “Kim Resulullah\u2019a itaat ederse, ger\u00e7ekte Allah\u2019a itaat etmi\u015f olur…”[5]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dikkat edilirse, ayette “Resulullah\u2019a itaat” kavram\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemle durulmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu kavram, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) az \u00f6nce de\u011findi\u011fimiz “\u00f6rnek olma” vasf\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, ikinci bir vasf\u0131n\u0131, “h\u00fck\u00fcm koyucu” \u00f6zelli\u011finden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Kuran g\u00f6stermektedir ki, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) kararlar\u0131na ve koydu\u011fu kullara uymak, ayn\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) kitab\u0131ndaki ayetlere uymak gibi farzd\u0131r. Nitekim bir ba\u015fka ayet, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) s\u00f6z konusu yasaklama ve emretme yetkilerini \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r: <\/span><\/p>\n

“Onlar ki, yanlar\u0131ndaki Tevrat\u2019ta ve \u0130ncil\u2019de (gelece\u011fi) yaz\u0131l\u0131 bulacaklar\u0131 \u00fcmmi haber getirici (Nebi) olan el\u00e7iye (Resul) uyarlar; o, onlara marufu (iyili\u011fi) emrediyor, m\u00fcnkeri (k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) yasakl\u0131yor, temiz \u015feyleri helal, murdar \u015feyleri haram k\u0131l\u0131yor ve onlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcklerini, \u00fczerlerindeki zincirleri indiriyor. Ona inananlar, destek olup savunanlar, yard\u0131m edenler ve onunla birlikte indirilen nuru izleyenler; i\u015fte kurtulu\u015fa erenler bunlard\u0131r.”[6]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer ayette ise \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“… Resul size ne verirse art\u0131k onu al\u0131n, sizi neden sak\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131rsa art\u0131k ondan sak\u0131n\u0131n ve Allah\u2019tan korkun…”[7]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu ayetler, Hz. Peygamberin, Kuran\u2019da haram k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan \u015feylerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da baz\u0131 \u015feyleri \u00fcmmetine yasaklayabilece\u011finin kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenledir ki, peygamberimiz bir hadisinde \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: “Sizi bir \u015feyden men etti\u011fim zaman ondan kesinlikle ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Bir \u015fey emretti\u011fimde ise, onu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcz yetti\u011fince yerine getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n”[8]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka ayetlerde de peygamberin s\u00f6z konusu “h\u00fck\u00fcm koyucu” \u00f6zelli\u011fi haber verilir. M\u00fcminlerin anla\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 herhangi bir konu, Resulullah\u2019a (s.a.v.) g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek ve o karar verecektir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ey iman edenler, Allah\u2019a itaat edin; el\u00e7iye itaat edin ve sizden olan emir sahiplerine de. E\u011fer bir \u015feyde anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ferseniz, art\u0131k onu Allah\u2019a ve el\u00e7isine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn. \u015eayet Allah\u2019a ve ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcne iman ediyorsan\u0131z. Bu, hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan daha g\u00fczeldir.”[9]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) s\u00f6z konusu h\u00fck\u00fcm verici \u00f6zelli\u011fi o denli kesindir ki, buna itaat etmeyen, hem de kalbinde bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 duymadan, seve seve itaat etmeyenler m\u00fcmin say\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r: <\/span><\/p>\n

“Hay\u0131r \u00f6yle de\u011fil; Rabbine andolsun (ki ey Resul\u00fcm), aralar\u0131nda \u00e7eki\u015ftikleri \u015feylerde seni hakem k\u0131l\u0131p sonra senin verdi\u011fin h\u00fckme, i\u00e7lerinde hi\u00e7 bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 duymaks\u0131z\u0131n, tam bir teslimiyetle raz\u0131 olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, iman etmi\u015f olmazlar.”[10]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka ayet, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn kesinli\u011fini \u015f\u00f6yle vurgulan\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Allah ve Res\u00fbl\u00fc, bir i\u015fe h\u00fckmetti\u011fi zaman, m\u00fc\u2019min bir erkek ve m\u00fc\u2019min bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in o i\u015fte kendi isteklerine g\u00f6re se\u00e7me hakk\u0131 yoktur. Kim Allah\u2019a ve Res\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne isyan ederse, art\u0131k ger\u00e7ekten o, apa\u00e7\u0131k bir sap\u0131kl\u0131kla sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”[11]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) bu “h\u00fck\u00fcm verici” vasf\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak, onun verdi\u011fi h\u00fckme kar\u015f\u0131 gelmek ise k\u00fcf\u00fcrd\u00fcr ve cehennemle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Kim kendisine \u2018dosdo\u011fru yol\u2019 apa\u00e7\u0131k belli olduktan sonra, el\u00e7iye muhalefet ederse ve m\u00fc\u2019minlerin yolundan ba\u015fka bir yola uyarsa, onu d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015feyde b\u0131rak\u0131r\u0131z ve cehenneme sokar\u0131z. Ne k\u00f6t\u00fc bir yatakt\u0131r o!…”[12]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Peygamberin h\u00fck\u00fcm koyuculu\u011fu ve \u00f6rnek olma vasf\u0131, Kuran\u2019da bu denli muhkem bir bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015fken, Resulullah\u2019\u0131 (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinden y\u00fcz \u00e7evirmeyi savunmak, ku\u015fkusuz Kuran\u2019a ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncedir. Muhammed Esed\u2019in de veciz bir \u015fekilde ifade etti\u011fi gibi “her yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fte ve her emrinde ona ittiba etmek, \u0130slam\u2019a ittiba etmenin kendisidir. Onun s\u00fcnnetinden uzakla\u015fmak ise \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n hakikatinden uzakla\u015fmakt\u0131r.”[13]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nitekim Ashab-\u0131 kiram da \u00f6yle yapm\u0131\u015f, her i\u015flerinde Kuran\u2019la birlikte Kuran\u2019\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mi\u015f hali olan Resulullah\u2019a (s.a.v.) uymu\u015flard\u0131r. Bir sahabeden \u015fu s\u00f6z aktar\u0131l\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Biz hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey bilmezken Allah bize Muhammed\u2019i (s.a.v) peygamber olarak g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Biz, Hz. Muhammed\u2019i (s.a.v) neyi, nas\u0131l yaparken g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fsek, onu \u00f6ylece yapmak g\u00f6revimiz ve \u015ferefimizdir”[14]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nuh\u2019un Gemisi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eu halde, “Kur\u2019an\u2019a d\u00f6nelim, fakat s\u00fcnnete ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok”<\/i><\/strong> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin \u0130slam\u2019a uygun bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 bilmemekten kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn sahipleri, bir k\u00f6\u015fke girmek isteyen fakat kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7abilecekleri anahtar\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 istemeyen kimselere benzemektedirler. S\u00fcnnetin kendisine sar\u0131lanlar\u0131 kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesindir. Dahhak \u015f\u00f6yle der: “Cennet ile s\u00fcnnet ayn\u0131 konumdad\u0131r. Zira ahirette cennete giren, d\u00fcnyada s\u00fcnnete sar\u0131lan kurtulur.”[15]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> \u0130mam Malik de s\u00fcnneti Nuh aleyhisselam\u0131n gemisine benzetmi\u015f ve “kim ona binerse, kurtulur, kim binmezse bo\u011fulur”[16]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> demi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fcnnet o denli b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurtulu\u015f yoludur ki, Kuran, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) emir ve yasaklar\u0131n\u0131 “hayat verecek \u015feyler” olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ey iman edenler, size hayat verecek \u015feylere sizi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, Allah\u2019a ve Res\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne icabet edip (uymal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z). Ve bilin ki muhakkak Allah, ki\u015fi ile kalbi aras\u0131na girer ve siz ger\u00e7ekten O\u2019na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp toplanacaks\u0131n\u0131z.”[17]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu ayetler, “s\u00fcnnet\u2019i terk etmi\u015f \u0130slam” kavram\u0131n\u0131n, Kuran\u2019a ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir bat\u0131l inan\u00e7 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Din, kitap ve Resulullah\u2019la (s.a.v.) birlikte bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Birinin eksilmesi s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) \u00f6rnek davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi hikmetleri ve verdi\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri bize ula\u015ft\u0131ran kaynak ise S\u00fcnnet\u2019tir, Ehli-S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eu halde, bu itikad, “Nuh\u2019un gemisi\u201ddir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resulullah’a \u0130taat Ya da S\u00fcnnet’e \u0130ttiba!<\/span><\/p>\n

Size sar\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a sap\u0131tmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z iki \u015fey b\u0131rakt\u0131m: Onlar Allah\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131 ve benim s\u00fcnnetimdir.[18]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131k tarihine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hayat\u0131n peygamberle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir el\u00e7i olmadan dinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu y\u00fczden her \u00fcmmete yol g\u00f6sterici olarak bir el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Allah, di\u011fer peygamberlere oldu\u011fu gibi Hz. Muhammed\u2019i de m\u00fckemmel bir din, dosdo\u011fru bir yol \u00fczerinde g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Ve onu k\u0131yamete kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011fa peygamber k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. El\u00e7iye itaat, ona sayg\u0131 ve sevgi, onun ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 uygulama ve onun s\u00fcnnetini yerine getirme inananlar i\u00e7in bir sorumluluktur. Nitekim Kuran\u2019da peygambere itaat, Allah\u2019a itaat ile birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. M\u00fcminlere anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri konularda kendilerine yol g\u00f6sterici olarak Kuran\u2019\u0131 ve peygamberimizin s\u00fcnnetlerini almalar\u0131 emredilmi\u015ftir. Kuran-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de bu konu ile ilgili olarak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurulmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

“Hay\u0131r \u00f6yle de\u011fil. Rabbine andolsun. Aralar\u0131nda \u00e7eki\u015ftikleri \u015feylerde seni hakem k\u0131l\u0131p sonra senin verdi\u011fin h\u00fckme i\u00e7lerinde hi\u00e7 bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 duymaks\u0131z\u0131n tam bir teslimiyetle teslim olmad\u0131k\u00e7a iman etmi\u015f olmazlar.”[19]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu ayetten de a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Hz. Muhammed\u2019in uygulamalar\u0131, Kuran gibi kesin ve hatas\u0131z bir h\u00fck\u00fcm kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fcnnet Kuran\u2019\u0131n yorumu, a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 ve hayata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin di\u011fer ad\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden Kuran\u2019\u0131n hayata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f \u015fekli olan Peygamberimizin s\u00fcnnet-i seniyyesi konusunda m\u00fcmin erkek ve kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in herhangi bir tevil getirme ve itaatsizlik etme hakk\u0131 yoktur.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“Allah ve Resul\u00fc, bir i\u015fe h\u00fckmetti\u011fi zaman, m\u00fcmin bir kad\u0131n ve m\u00fcmin bir erkek i\u00e7in o i\u015fte kendi isteklerine g\u00f6re se\u00e7me hakk\u0131 yoktur. Kim Allah\u2019a ve Resul\u00fcne isyan ederse, ger\u00e7ekten o apa\u00e7\u0131k bir sap\u0131kl\u0131kla sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”[20]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu konu ile ilgili di\u011fer bir ayette Allah \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor: “Aralar\u0131nda h\u00fckmetmesi i\u00e7in, Allah\u2019a ve el\u00e7isine \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 zaman m\u00fc\u2019min olanlar\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc, “i\u015fittik ve itaat ettik” demeleridir. \u0130\u015fte felaha kavu\u015fanlar bunlard\u0131r.”[21]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Kur\u2019an\u2019da Resulullah\u2019a (s.a.v.) itaati konu alan t\u00fcm ayetlerde itaatin t\u00fcm m\u00fcminler \u00fczerinde bir zorunluluk oldu\u011fu anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden Hz. Peygamber uygulamalar\u0131nda masumdur ve bu uygulamalar Allah\u2019\u0131n korumas\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle s\u00fcnnet kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7erisine al\u0131nan her \u015fey asl\u0131nda vahye dayal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“O hevadan (kendi istek, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve tutkular\u0131na g\u00f6re) konu\u015fmaz. O\u2019nun s\u00f6yledikleri yaln\u0131zca vahyolunmakta olan bir vahiydir.”[22]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu durumda, e\u011fer bir konuda ihtilaf ba\u015f g\u00f6sterirse \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n iki temel kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Kuran ve s\u00fcnnete ba\u015fvurmak m\u00fcminler i\u00e7in di\u011fer bir zorunluluktur.<\/span><\/p>\n

“… Aran\u0131zda bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ferseniz bunu Allah\u2019a ve el\u00e7isine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn. \u015eayet Allah\u2019a ve ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcne iman ediyorsan\u0131z bu hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan daha g\u00fczeldir.”[23]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Peygamber, vahiy yoluyla Allah\u2019tan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuran ayetlerini sadece insanl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131rmakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda onun a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 g\u00f6revi ile y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peygamberimizin s\u00fcnnetine bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda onun Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Peygamberimizin s\u00fcnneti, e\u011fer bu anlamda de\u011ferlendirilirse yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmalardan, tahrifattan ve istismardan korunmu\u015f olur ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kolayla\u015f\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir ayette ise, “De ki: E\u011fer Allah\u2019\u0131 seviyorsan\u0131z bana uyun ki, Allah da sizi sevsin ve g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flas\u0131n”[24]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> buyrulmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczden Allah\u2019\u0131 sevmenin g\u00f6stergesi Resulullah\u2019a uymakt\u0131r. \u0130nsan Resulullah’a (s.a.v.) uymakla ger\u00e7ekte Allah\u2019a uymu\u015f oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcmin Allah\u2019a itaati yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcp Resulullah’a (s.a.v.) itaati terk edemez. Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnete uyanlar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde m\u00fcjdelemektedir. “Kim, s\u00fcnnetimi ihya ederse, beni ihya etmi\u015f olur. Kim beni ihya ederse cennette benimle beraberdir.”[25]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Peygamberimiz (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnet-i seniyyeye uyanlar\u0131 b\u00f6yle m\u00fcjdelerken, Kuran-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de Peygambere isyan\u0131n ne kadar k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde uyar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Kim Allah\u2019a ve el\u00e7isine isyan eder ve onun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farsa, onu da i\u00e7inde ebedi kalaca\u011f\u0131 ate\u015fe sokar. Onun i\u00e7in al\u00e7alt\u0131c\u0131 bir azab vard\u0131r.”[26]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ger\u00e7eklere ra\u011fmen s\u00fcnnet-i seniyyenin \u00f6nemini anlamayanlar ve ona dil uzatanlar, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Resulullah\u2019a (s.a.v.) dil uzatm\u0131\u015f ve O\u2019na eziyet etmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. O\u2019na eziyet eden ise Allah\u2019a (c.c.) ba\u015fkald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar hem d\u00fcnyada, hem ahirette Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) lanetine maruz kal\u0131r, amans\u0131z bir azaba u\u011frayacaklard\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019\u0131n Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de “sen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ahlak \u00fczerindesin”<\/i><\/strong> dedi\u011fi, Hz. Ay\u015fe\u2019nin “O\u2019nun ahlak\u0131 Kur\u2019an\u2019dan ibarettir” <\/i><\/strong>dedi\u011fi Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.), s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 insanlar i\u00e7in en g\u00fczel ve en m\u00fckemmel bir model konumundad\u0131r. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, O’nu \u00f6rnek almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde g\u00fczel ahlaktan uzak kalaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, d\u00fcnya ve ahiret saadetini de bulamayacakt\u0131r. S\u00fcnnet-i senniyeyi terk edenler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevap kayb\u0131na u\u011frayacaklar, hesap g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Resulullah\u2019\u0131n \u015fefaatinden de mahrum kalacaklard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00fcmmetine kar\u015f\u0131 son derece \u015fefkatli, onlara gelecek zarara kar\u015f\u0131 alabildi\u011fine hassas olan Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinden y\u00fcz \u00e7evirmek inan\u0131lmaz bir vicdans\u0131zl\u0131k ve nank\u00f6rl\u00fckt\u00fcr. <\/span><\/p>\n

“Andolsun size i\u00e7inizden s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fmeniz onun g\u00fcc\u00fcne giden, size pek d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn, m\u00fcminlere \u015fefkatli ve esirgeyici olan bir el\u00e7i gelmi\u015ftir.”[27]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.v.) uygulamalar\u0131na \u201cayr\u0131nt\u0131larla me\u015fguliyet\u201d<\/i><\/strong> g\u00f6z\u00fc ile bakanlar, peygamberin \u0130slam dinindeki yerini anlayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. El\u00e7inin \u00fczerine y\u00fcklenen g\u00f6rev, hi\u00e7 bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rmayan bir sorumluluk bilincini a\u015f\u0131lamakt\u0131r. Peygamberimiz (s.a.v.) ticaretten sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa, yard\u0131mla\u015fmadan e\u011fitime kadar say\u0131s\u0131z konuda bu y\u00fczden bizi bilgilendirip \u00f6rnek olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetindeki temel prensip \u201cuygun ve uygulanabilir\u201d<\/i><\/strong> olmas\u0131d\u0131r. “Kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z, zorla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n\u0131z. M\u00fcjdeleyiniz, nefret ettirmeyiniz”[28]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> hadisi bunun en belirgin g\u00f6stergesidir. Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.v.) han\u0131m\u0131 Hz. Ay\u015fe ise onun ashab\u0131na daima kolayl\u0131kla \u00fcstesinden gelebilece\u011fi amelleri emretti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bu y\u00fczden onun s\u00fcnneti toplumun her kesiminden insan\u0131n \u00f6rnek alabilmesine uygundur. O’nun ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 her m\u00fcmin i\u00e7in bir uygulama \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer konu ise Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinin terk edilmesi ile birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zararl\u0131 baz\u0131 sonu\u00e7lard\u0131r. Bilgisizlik ve tembellik gibi sebepler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bir k\u0131s\u0131m M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, s\u00fcnnete uymak yerine kendi ak\u0131llar\u0131ndan ya da kendilerine g\u00f6re alim sand\u0131klar\u0131 baz\u0131 bilgili insanlardan h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131kararak \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na bid\u2019at fitnesini sokmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki siyasi ve ekonomik da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k, Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) kitab\u0131ndan ve peygamberin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinden ayr\u0131lma ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcminler ayn\u0131 peygamberin \u00fcmmeti olman\u0131n \u015fuurunu kavray\u0131p ona lay\u0131k \u00fcmmet olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece \u0130slam co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki bu istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sona ermesi imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n tek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) kitab\u0131na ve Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnet-i seniyyesine s\u0131ms\u0131k\u0131 sar\u0131lmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

O\u2019nun hayat\u0131 ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 incelendi\u011finde hayata yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tek boyutlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.v.) hayat\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan g\u00fcvenilir hadis rivayetlerinde \u00e7ok \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rnekler vard\u0131r. Aleyhisselat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimiz Peygamberdir, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131d\u0131r, ordu komutan\u0131d\u0131r, askerdir, t\u00fcccard\u0131r. Namaz k\u0131lan, oru\u00e7 tutan, gece namazlar\u0131na kalkan, devaml\u0131 dua, tefekk\u00fcr ve zikir halinde derinlik sahibi her bak\u0131mdan \u00f6rnek ve \u00f6nder bir insand\u0131r. Evlenen, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapan, hastalar\u0131 tedavi eden, siyasi ve sosyal i\u015flerle u\u011fra\u015fan, \u00e7ocuklarla \u015fakala\u015fan, arkada\u015flar\u0131yla g\u00fcre\u015fen, e\u015fiyle yolda yar\u0131\u015fan tevazu dolu se\u00e7kin bir \u015fahsiyet konumundad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019a (c.c.) kulluk vazifesini yerine getirmek yaln\u0131zca peygamberin uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 gere\u011fince kavray\u0131p uygulamakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunun i\u00e7in ise ba\u015fvuraca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ilk kaynak hadis kitaplar\u0131d\u0131r. Hadis kitaplar\u0131 Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.v.) \u00f6zellikle peygamberlik g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nemde s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zlerin, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hareketlerin, O\u2019nun \u015fahsi \u00f6zelliklerini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck demeden toparlanmalar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bu kitaplarda kullan\u0131lan hadislerin, b\u00fct\u00fcn S\u00fcnni \u0130slam alimleri taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen kaynaklardan elde edilmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet \u0130tikad\u0131 ve Esaslar\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

Asr-\u0131 saadette ve d\u00f6rt halife d\u00f6neminde herhangi bir mezhebin kurulmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar dini do\u011frudan Hz. Muhammed\u2019den (s.a.v.) ve ashab\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015flerdi. Sonradan sapk\u0131n ak\u0131mlar ve bid\u2019at\u00e7\u0131 f\u0131rkalar t\u00fcreyince Peygamberin ve ashab\u0131n\u0131n yolundan giden rabbani alimler itikat ve amelde baz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler tespit ettiler. Do\u011fruyu yanl\u0131\u015ftan ay\u0131rarak ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde \u0130slam dinini insanl\u0131\u011fa sundular. B\u00f6ylece Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet mezhebi do\u011fmu\u015f oldu. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet \u00e7izgisini, di\u011fer sap\u0131k f\u0131rkalardan ay\u0131ran baz\u0131 esaslar vard\u0131r. Ehl-i s\u00fcnnet kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 sapk\u0131n baz\u0131 ak\u0131mlar, bu esaslara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak baz\u0131 bilgisiz insanlar\u0131 kendi taraflar\u0131na \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu nedenle, peygamberimizin yoluna tabi olmu\u015f bizler, bu fitneye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok dikkatli olmal\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130lk yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, Ehli S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131n\u0131n esaslar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcmseyerek \u00f6\u011frenmek ve ak\u0131lda tutmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat\u2019in \u00dczerinde \u0130ttifak Etti\u011fi Hususlar<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Allah\u2019a \u0130man Esaslar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131na Kuran\u2019da ve s\u00fcnnette bahsedildi\u011fi \u015fekilde iman etmek \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n temel kaidesidir. Allah\u2019\u0131 (c.c.) insanlara yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan s\u0131fatlarla s\u0131fatland\u0131ramay\u0131z. Allah (c.c.) yaratt\u0131klar\u0131yla mukayese edilemez. Allah (c.c.) Kuran\u2019da s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 birer birer zikretmi\u015ftir. Bu hususta \u00e7ok dikkat edilmeli, baz\u0131 sapk\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere ra\u011fbet edilmemelidir. Ki\u015fi m\u00fcmin oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece kendi iman\u0131ndan ku\u015fku duymamal\u0131 ve kalben inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde eksikleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kendini imans\u0131z kabul etmemelidir. Bu itikad\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re \u00e7ok zararl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

2) Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019te Kur\u2019an \u0130tikad\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kuran Allah (c.c.) kelam\u0131d\u0131r, mahl\u00fbk de\u011fildir. O, Allah (c.c.) kat\u0131ndan indirilmi\u015f hayat rehberidir. Yine bu konuda baz\u0131 sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar de\u011fi\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

3) D\u00fcnya G\u00f6z\u00fcyle Allah\u2019\u0131n G\u00f6r\u00fclemeyece\u011fi \u0130nanc\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed (s.a.v.)\u2019in d\u00fcnya g\u00f6z\u00fc ile Allah\u2019\u0131n (c.c.) g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fine dair hi\u00e7bir s\u00f6z\u00fc mevcut de\u011fildir. Bu konuda var oldu\u011fu iddia edilen bir hadisi, \u0130slam alimleri ittifakla reddetmi\u015ftir. Kim \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce Allah (c.c.)\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc iddia ederse, Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re yalan s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Resulullah (s.a.v.) bir hadisinde “iyi bilin ki sizden hi\u00e7bir kimse \u00f6lmedik\u00e7e Rabbini g\u00f6remeyecektir”[29]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> buyurmu\u015ftur. <\/span><\/p>\n

4) M\u00fcminlerin Cennette Rablerini G\u00f6recekleri Hakikati<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sahih hadis kitaplar\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n k\u0131yamet alan\u0131nda ahiret g\u00f6z\u00fc ile Allah’\u0131 (c.c.) g\u00f6receklerinden bahsedilmektedir. Zaten bu k\u00e2inattaki canl\u0131 ve cans\u0131z her \u015fey Cenab-\u0131 Hakk\u2019\u0131n tecellisidir; bu tecellinin en y\u00fcksek ve en m\u00fckemmeli ise Hz. Peygamber Efendimizdir. Ancak Cehmiyye, Mutezile ve Rafiziler bunun aksini savunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Allah (c.c.), bir mek\u00e2nda, ar\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcnde ya da ba\u015fka bir yerde de\u011fildir. Yani Allah (c.c.) mek\u00e2ndan m\u00fcnezzehtir. Kerramiyye f\u0131rkas\u0131n\u0131n bu hususta Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri mevcuttur.<\/span><\/p>\n

5) \u00d6l\u00fcmden Sonra Olacaklar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat, Resulullah’\u0131n (s.a.v.) ahiret konusundaki s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zlere harfiyen inan\u0131r. Kabir azab\u0131 vard\u0131r. Mu\u2019tezile mezhebi kabir azab\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmez. Ehl-i s\u00fcnnete g\u00f6re kabir, m\u00fcminler i\u00e7in cennet bah\u00e7esi, imans\u0131zlar i\u00e7in ise cehennem \u00e7ukurlar\u0131ndan bir \u00e7ukurdur. Kabirde m\u00fckereyn meleklerinin sorgusu da hakt\u0131r. Kaderriyye mezhebi mensuplar\u0131 kabir sorgusunu ink\u00e2r eder. Allah’a (c.c.) y\u00f6nelmeyen, Peygamberi (s.a.v.) tan\u0131mayan ve O\u2019nun s\u00fcnnetine uymayan, kitap ile amel etmeyen kabirde hesap vermekte b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fcnde ruhlar tekrar bedenlerine iade edilir. K\u00e2firler bu g\u00fcnde iyilik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerinden dolay\u0131 hesaba \u00e7ekilmezler. Onlar\u0131n sadece amelleri say\u0131l\u0131r, hesaplan\u0131r. G\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131 ikrar ettikten sonra cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. S\u0131rat cehennem \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Kim s\u0131rattan ge\u00e7mi\u015fse cennete girmeye hak kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar s\u0131rat\u0131 ge\u00e7tikten sonra cennet ile cehennem aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fczerinde dururlar. D\u00fcnyada iken birbirleriyle olan haklar\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131r ve hak sahiplerine iade edilir. E\u011fer bundan kurtulur ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131rsa cennete girmelerine izin verilir. <\/span><\/p>\n

6) Resulullah (s.a.v.)\u2019\u0131n \u015eefaati Hakt\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc Allah Resul\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (s.a.v.) \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015fefaati olacakt\u0131r. Birincisi, mah\u015fer ehlinden olanlara yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fefaattir. \u0130kincisi, cennet ehlinin cennete girmesi i\u00e7in yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fefaattir ki, bu ilk ikisi yaln\u0131z ona has olan \u015fefaatlerdir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, cehennem ate\u015fine m\u00fcstahak olanlara yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fefaattir. Ayr\u0131ca cehenneme girmi\u015f olanlara baz\u0131 amelleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden oradan \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fefaatte bulunacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca dirilerin dua ve sadakalar\u0131, \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f m\u00fcminlere fayda verir. \u00d6zellikle Vehabi mezhebine mensup olanlar Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.v) \u015fefaati konusunda Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e uymayan baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

7) Kadere \u0130man \u015eartt\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat, kadere, hay\u0131r ve \u015ferrin Allah\u2019\u0131n takdiri ile meydana geldi\u011fine iman etmektedir. Allah (c.c.) yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015feyin ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilir. Onlar\u0131n itaatlerinin yan\u0131nda kendisine isyan\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6nceden bilir. Allahu Teala t\u00fcm yaratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kaderini Levh-i Mahfuz\u2019da yaz\u0131p tespit etmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsan cenin durumundayken, kendisine ruhu \u00fcflenmeden \u00f6nce, bir melek taraf\u0131ndan kaderi getirilir. Kaderiye mezhebine mensup olanlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 kader konusunda yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler i\u00e7erisine girmi\u015flerdir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bu hassas konuda \u00e7ok dikkatli olmas\u0131 gerekir. Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) iradesi, insan\u0131n iradesinin \u00fczerindedir. Ki\u015finin m\u00fcmin olmas\u0131 ya da k\u00fcfre sapmas\u0131 Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) dilemesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Kaderiye mezhebinin tamam\u0131, kaderin bu y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ink\u00e2r etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

8) \u0130man, S\u00f6z ve Ameldir; Eksilip Artmaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Din ile iman\u0131n s\u00f6z ve amel oldu\u011fu, Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikat\u0131n\u0131n temel kaidelerindendir. \u0130man itaat derecesine g\u00f6re artar ve g\u00fcrle\u015fir; g\u00fcnahlara g\u00f6re de azal\u0131r ve k\u00fcllenir. T\u00fcm salih ameller din ve iman kavram\u0131na dahildir. \u0130slam; Hakka tarafgirlik, hayra gayrettir. Hayat; iman ve cihattan ibarettir.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

9) Ehl-i K\u0131blenin G\u00fcnah \u0130\u015flemekten Dolay\u0131 Tekfir Edilmesi Yanl\u0131\u015f ve sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ancak iman\u0131n asl\u0131 bundan m\u00fcstesnad\u0131r. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikat\u0131nda olan bir ki\u015fi, ayn\u0131 k\u0131bleye y\u00f6nelen di\u011fer bir m\u00fcmini g\u00fcnah i\u015fledi\u011finden dolay\u0131 tekfir etmez. Belki iman\u0131 olgun bir iman olmayabilir. \u0130slam tarihinin ilk sapk\u0131n ak\u0131m\u0131 olan Hariciler ilk fitneyi bu konu da \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. K\u00fcfre sapm\u0131\u015f bir ki\u015fi ne kadar hay\u0131r i\u015flerse i\u015flesin kendisine bir yarar\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman da ne kadar g\u00fcnah i\u015flerse i\u015flesin, haram olana helal, helal olana haram demedik\u00e7e k\u00fcfre sapm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lmaz. <\/span><\/p>\n

10) Allah\u2019\u0131n Veli Kullar\u0131n\u0131n Kerametleri Hakt\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah (c.c.) dostlar\u0131n\u0131n kerametlerine, Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) onlar\u0131n eliyle meydana getirdi\u011fi harikulade hallere, de\u011fi\u015fik ilimlerdeki yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015fiflere iman etmek Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikat\u0131n\u0131n esaslar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

11) Resulullah (s.a.v.)\u2019\u0131n Mira\u00e7 Hadisesi Ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mira\u00e7 hadisesinde Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.v.) hem ruhu hem de bedeni ile g\u00f6kler \u00f6tesi aleme \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her kim mirac\u0131 reddederse k\u00fcfre sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuran\u2019da peygamberimizin Beyt-i Makdis\u2019e gidi\u015fi sabit olup, sahih hadislerde semavata \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tasdiklenmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/p>\n

12) Allah\u2019\u0131 ve \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 Tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa Vurmak Laz\u0131md\u0131r<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah’\u0131 (c.c.) ve \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 (Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 ve Resul\u00fcllah\u2019\u0131) kalben tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde diliyle a\u00e7\u0131klamayan k\u00e2fir say\u0131l\u0131r. Diliyle kabul etti\u011fi halde kalbiyle tasdik etmeyen ise m\u00fcnaf\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak do\u011frudan ink\u00e2r etmedi\u011fi ve (M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve mazlumlar aleyhine Yahudi ve H\u0131ristiyanlarla ve k\u00e2fir odaklarla dostluk ve \u015feriat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini l\u00fczumsuz saymak gibi) m\u00fcnaf\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunda kesin bir kan\u0131t olmadan bir insan\u0131 m\u00fcnaf\u0131kl\u0131kla su\u00e7lamak uygun bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

13) Hesap G\u00fcn\u00fcne Haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc herkes hesaba \u00e7ekilecektir. Tekrar ikinci bir bedenle d\u00fcnyaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Adem peygamberden (a.s.) k\u0131yamete kadar yery\u00fcz\u00fcne gelen b\u00fct\u00fcn cesetler d\u00fcnya kurulmadan \u00f6nce yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir ruh de\u011fi\u015fik bedenlerle birden fazla d\u00fcnyaya gelmeyecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

14) Cennetle M\u00fcjdelenenleri Tasdik Etmek<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Cennetle m\u00fcjdelenen sahabeler hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6z cennetle m\u00fcjdelenen bu b\u00fcy\u00fck insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ve b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnaht\u0131r. Bu sahabeler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hz. Ebu Bekir (r.a.), Hz. \u00d6mer (r.a.), Hz. Osman (r.a.), Hz. Ali (r.a.), Talha (r.a.), Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avvam (r.a.), Sa\u2019d b. Ebu Vakkas (r.a.), Said b. Zeyd (r.a.), Abdurrahman b. Avf (r.a.), Ebu Ubeyde b. Cerrah (r.a.)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ilk d\u00f6neminin tarihi bu \u00fcst\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131 ile doludur. Resulullah Efendimiz (s.a.v.) hadislerinde bu ki\u015fileri \u00f6vm\u00fc\u015f ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kendisinden sonra peygamberlik makam\u0131na en lay\u0131k ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu dahi s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden bu insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan bir itham, sonucunda peygambere yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilir. Sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi de cennetle m\u00fcjdelenmi\u015f sahabelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131na sald\u0131rmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe kesinlikle yer yoktur. <\/span><\/p>\n

15) Resullerden Ba\u015fka Kimsenin Masum Olmamas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) Resullerinin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00f6zler Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) korumas\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet \u00e7izgisindeki \u0130slam alimlerinin s\u00f6zlerini yerine getirmenin \u00f6nemi, m\u00fcminler i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ancak baz\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 u\u00e7taki f\u0131rkalar\u0131n iddia etti\u011fi gibi, bunlar\u0131 yerine getirmemenin bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yoktur. <\/span><\/p>\n

16) \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n Ba\u015fvuru Kaynaklar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnete ayk\u0131r\u0131 hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey kabul edilmemelidir. Bu Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaati di\u011ferlerinden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliktir. Nitekim Resulullah Efendimiz (s.a.v.) ihtilafa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir konuda \u00f6nce Kuran\u2019a sonra s\u00fcnnete ba\u015fvurmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. Kuran\u2019da ve s\u00fcnnette sabit olmayan bir konuyu \u0130slam dininin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 gibi g\u00f6stermek Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

17) Kur\u2019an ve S\u00fcnnet Muhkem K\u0131sm\u0131na Yorum Yap\u0131lmadan Tabi Olunmas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ak\u0131l ve k\u0131yas \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek Kuran ve s\u00fcnnetin muhkem (a\u00e7\u0131k ve kesin h\u00fck\u00fcmleri) \u00fczerine yorum getirilemez. Zira sahabeler ve mezhep imamlar\u0131m\u0131z ilimlerini do\u011frudan Kuran\u2019dan ve Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinden alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. M\u00fcminler Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnete uyan her \u015feyi kabul ederler, ayk\u0131r\u0131 olan\u0131 ise reddederler. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat\u2019i di\u011ferlerinden ay\u0131ran en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zellik, ilimlerini Kuran ve s\u00fcnnetten yani as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131ndan almalar\u0131d\u0131r. Anlam\u0131n\u0131 kavrayamad\u0131klar\u0131 konular\u0131 Kuran ve s\u00fcnnet \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tefsir ederler. Zanna, heva ve heveslerine uymazlar. Hi\u00e7 kimse Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnetin kesin emirleri aleyhine s\u00f6z s\u00f6yleme hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019te \u0130tikadi A\u00e7\u0131dan Mezhepler \u015eunlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130tikadi a\u00e7\u0131dan mezhepler iki tanedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Maturidi mezhebi;<\/span><\/strong> \u0130mam Maturidi taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) E\u015f\u2019ari mezhebi; <\/span><\/strong>\u0130mam E\u015f\u2019ari taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. Bu iki mezhep temelde birdir. Ancak teferruata ait k\u0131rka yak\u0131n konuda fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri konular sadece ayr\u0131nt\u0131lardan ibarettir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Maturidi Mezhebi<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Maturidi mezhebinin kurucusu \u0130mam Maturidi\u2019dir. As\u0131l ad\u0131 Ebu Mansur Muhammed bin Mahmud el-Maturidi es Semerkandi\u2019dir. Hicri 238 y\u0131l\u0131nda Semerkant\u2019ta do\u011fmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrk as\u0131ll\u0131 olan \u0130mam Maturidi ilim tahsilini imam-\u0131 Azam\u2019\u0131n talebelerinden g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ak\u0131l ile nakil aras\u0131nda g\u00fczel bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmu\u015ftur. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet inanc\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 talebeler yeti\u015ftirerek sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131nda y\u0131k\u0131lmaz bir set \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet inanc\u0131n\u0131n kendinden sonraki nesillere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130mam Maturidi, f\u0131k\u0131hta Hanefi mezhebine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n itikatta imam\u0131d\u0131r. Maturidi mezhebi ba\u015fta T\u00fcrkler olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok M\u00fcsl\u00fcman taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Maturidi\u2019nin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fan eserlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: Kitab\u00fc\u2019t Tevhid, Te\u2019vilat\u00fc\u2019l Kuran, Kitabu\u2019l Cedel. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bizim i\u00e7in Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Allah (c.c.) vard\u0131r ve birdir. Zat\u0131 ve fiilleriyle bir olan Allah\u2019a imanla m\u00fckellefiz. Allah\u2019\u0131n zati ve fiili s\u0131fatlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlar Allah\u2019\u0131n zat\u0131yla beraber vard\u0131r. Allah\u2019\u0131n kelam s\u0131fat\u0131 kendi zat\u0131yla kaimdir. Kuran-\u0131 Kerim yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak harfler yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0130man, dil ile ikrar ve kalp ile tasdikten ibarettir. Amelle tatbik ise iman\u0131n meyvesidir. Dil ile ikrar eden fakat kalp ile tasdik etmeyen kimse m\u00fcmin de\u011fildir. \u0130man\u0131n yeri kalptir. Kalbe yer eden iman\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaya zorla da olsa kimsenin g\u00fcc\u00fc yetmeyecektir. \u0130man eden birisinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek nas\u0131l m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, \u0130slam’\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getiren birisini de m\u00fcmin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek o derece tehlikelidir. Amel imana dahil de\u011fildir, ama iman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli gere\u011fi ve g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ahirette Allah’\u0131 (c.c.) g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak O\u2019nu g\u00f6rmek keyfiyetsiz bir \u015fekildedir, tecelliden ibarettir. Zat\u0131yla muhatap olmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. <\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0130nsan bir \u015feyi i\u015flemeye karar verdi\u011finde Allah (c.c.) onda bu fiili i\u015fleme kudretini yarat\u0131r. Bunun yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 fiille beraberdir. \u0130nsan fiil i\u015fledi\u011fi zaman sevap veya cezaya m\u00fcstahak olmas\u0131 kasde ve niyete ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

– Zina etmek, adam \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek, i\u00e7ki i\u00e7mek gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 i\u015flemesi insan\u0131 imandan \u00e7\u0131karmaz. B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah\u0131 i\u015fleyen kimse de tevbe ederse affa u\u011frayabilir. Rahmet ve ma\u011ffiret kap\u0131s\u0131 herkese a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

– G\u00fcnahk\u00e2rlar i\u00e7in peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) \u015fefaat etmesi hakt\u0131r. Bu Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) peygamberimize bir l\u00fctfudur. Peygamberimiz b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyen m\u00fcminlere \u015fefaat edecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

E\u015f\u2019ariyye Mezhebi<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

E\u015f\u2019arili\u011fin kurucusu Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan E\u015f\u2019ari, hicri 260 y\u0131l\u0131nda Basra\u2019da do\u011fdu. K\u0131rk ya\u015f\u0131na kadar Mu\u2019tezile alimlerinden Ebu Ali el C\u00fcbbai\u2019den ders ald\u0131. \u0130mam E\u015f\u2019ari pek \u00e7ok eser kaleme ald\u0131. Ehl-i bid\u2019at olan Mu\u2019tezile\u2019yi, filozoflar\u0131, tabiat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, dehrileri, Yahudi ve H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 hedef alan eserler yazd\u0131. Risalet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130man, Makalat\u00fc\u2019l \u0130slamiyyin ilk akla gelen eserleridir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f yirmiyi a\u015fk\u0131n eseri bulunuyor. O\u2019nun yirmi y\u0131l yats\u0131 namaz\u0131n\u0131n abdesti ile sabah namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet edilir. 324 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta vefat etmi\u015ftir. Amelde \u015eafii ve Maliki mezhebine mensup olanlardan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 itikatta E\u015f\u2019ari mezhebine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. E\u015f\u2019ariye mezhebi \u00f6zellikle Irak, Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u0130mam E\u015f\u2019ari\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r. Maturidi ile irade konusunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir konuda fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015flerdir. \u0130mam\u0131n baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kabir sorgusu, ha\u015fir, s\u0131rat ve mizan hakt\u0131r. Edebi y\u00f6nden Kuran bir mucizedir. Bir benzeri, insanlar taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Peygamberin mucize g\u00f6stermesi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Velilerin de keramet g\u00f6stermesi caizdir. Peygamberlerin mucizeleri kavimlerine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini kabul ettirmeleridir. Veli ise kerameti ile \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flamamal\u0131, kerametini gizlemelidir. <\/span><\/p>\n

– Bir melek vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kendisine Allah (c.c.) taraf\u0131ndan vahiy gelen ve k\u00e2inata konulmu\u015f olan adetleri bozacak \u015fekilde mucize g\u00f6steren kimseye “nebi” denir.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Allah\u2019\u0131n izni ile peygamberimizin m\u00fcminlere \u015fefaati hakt\u0131r. Allah (c.c.)\u2019\u0131n ahirette m\u00fcminlere tecelli etmesi ve g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi caizdir. Allah birdir ve e\u015fi benzeri yoktur. Hay\u0131r ve \u015fer Allah\u2019tand\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n fiilleri Allah taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131l\u0131r ve kullar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n bir \u015fey yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in gerekli olan g\u00fc\u00e7, fiil ile beraber Allah (c.c.) taraf\u0131ndan kendisine verilir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ameli A\u00e7\u0131dan Mezhepler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikat\u0131nda, ameli konularda d\u00f6rt mezhep vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Hanefi mezhebi; \u0130mam-\u0131 Azam Ebu Hanefi taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) \u015eafii mezhebi; \u0130mam-\u0131 \u015eafii taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Hanbeli mezhebi; \u0130mam-\u0131 Hanbeli taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Maliki mezhebi; \u0130mam-\u0131 Malik taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. <\/span><\/p>\n

Mezhepler Aras\u0131ndaki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Sebepleri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat mezhepler aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na zarar de\u011fil aksine b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her biri kendi fikrini yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ancak birbirlerini ortadan kald\u0131rma gibi bir yola gitmezler. Hadiste de belirtildi\u011fi gibi birbirine sayg\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015fan bir ihtilaf\u0131n rahmet olaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ve tarih bunun rahmet oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Zaruri durumlarda bir mezhebin ba\u015fka bir mezhebi taklit edebilmesi kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu rahmetin en a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergesidir. Zira \u00d6mer b. Abdulaziz bu konu ile ilgili olarak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmaktad\u0131r. “Resulullah\u2019\u0131n ashab\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131khi meselelerde ihtilafa d\u00fc\u015fmemesini istemezdim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte toplansalard\u0131 insanlar zora d\u00fc\u015ferdi. Bir kimse onlardan birisinin s\u00f6z\u00fcne sar\u0131l\u0131rsa, bu kendisi i\u00e7in s\u00fcnnet olur.”[30]<\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet itikad\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, uygulama alan\u0131ndaki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc samimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, i\u00e7tihat ve yorum \u0130slam’\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik \u00e7evre ve co\u011frafyalara yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve dine bir esneklik kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. Sahabenin bu farkl\u0131 yorumlar\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayan sebeplerin en ba\u015f\u0131nda hadislerin de\u011fi\u015fik yorumlanmas\u0131 gelir. \u0130slam’\u0131n, Kuran\u2019dan sonra en \u00f6nemli kayna\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcnnet, yani hadislerdir. Mezhep imamlar\u0131 s\u00fcnnete sar\u0131lman\u0131n \u00f6nemi \u00fczerine durmu\u015f ve s\u00fcnnetten kopanlar\u0131n h\u00fcsrana u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Mezhep imamlar\u0131 s\u00fcnneti seniyyeye uyman\u0131n \u00f6nemini \u015fu s\u00f6zleriyle vurgulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130mam-\u0131 Azam, “i\u00e7lerinde hadisle me\u015fgul olanlar bulundu\u011fu m\u00fcddet\u00e7e insanlar kurtulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ne zaman ilmi hadisin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ararlarsa, o zaman bozulurlar. Allah\u2019\u0131n dini ile ilgili bir konuda \u015fahsi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcze g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm vermekten sak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131z, s\u00fcnnete tabi olunuz. Kim s\u00fcnnetten ayr\u0131l\u0131rsa sap\u0131t\u0131r.”[31]<\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam \u015eafii, “Resulullah\u2019tan bir hadis rivayet etti\u011fim halde o hadisten ba\u015fka bir h\u00fckme var\u0131rsam, beni hangi g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6lgelendirir, hangi yery\u00fcz\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r.”<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam Malik, “s\u00fcnnetler Nuh\u2019un gemisi gibidir. Kim o gemiye binerse kurtulur, kim binmezse bo\u011fulur.\u201d<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam Ahmed bin Hanbel, “bir\u00e7ok bid\u2019at ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Her kim hadis bilmiyorsa o bid\u2019atlara d\u00fc\u015fer\u201d<\/i><\/strong> buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet mezheplerin imamlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcnnetin fazileti konusunda aralar\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131l\u0131k yoktur. Ancak kimi zaman bu hadisleri anlamada birbirinden farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mezhep imamlar\u0131n\u0131n hadis bilgisinin birbirinden fazla veya farkl\u0131 olu\u015fu de\u011fi\u015fik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Mezhep imamlar\u0131 bir konu kendisine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk \u00f6nce Kuran\u2019a ba\u015fvururdu. Kuran\u2019da o konu ile ilgili h\u00fckme rastlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Peygamberin s\u00fcnnetine bak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. E\u011fer bundan da bir sonu\u00e7 al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde i\u00e7tihat ile karar verilirdi. Bu da mezhepler aras\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Teknik olarak hadislerin tam olarak bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan bilinebilmesi imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Nitekim \u0130mam \u015eafii \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. “S\u00fcnnetlerin hepsini bilen, bilmedi\u011fi hadis olmayan herhangi birisini bilmiyorum. B\u00fct\u00fcn hadis alimlerinin ilimleri bir araya getirilirse o zaman b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcnnet bilinmi\u015f olur. Alimlerin hadisleri da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, her alimin bilmedi\u011fi hadis elbette olacakt\u0131r. Onun bilmedi\u011fi hadisleri bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 bilmektedir.\u201d<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) kimi zaman yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fiiller baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re zorunlu ibadet kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f, baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re nafile olarak yorumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet mezheplerde bunun bir\u00e7ok \u00f6rne\u011fi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca peygamberimizin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hareketi tam anlayamamak ya da hareketin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren \u015fahit olmak baz\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klara sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sahabelerin s\u00f6zleri mezhepler aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n di\u011fer bir unsurudur. Mesela Hanefi ve Malikiler sahabenin s\u00f6zlerini k\u0131yasa tercih ederlerken \u015eafiiler ise sahabe s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc baz\u0131 durumlarda kabul etmezler. Bu durum farkl\u0131 fetvalar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra farkl\u0131 iklimin, co\u011frafi \u00f6zelliklerin, \u00f6rf ve adetlerin mezhepler aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck etken oldu\u011fu bir ger\u00e7ektir. Mezhep imamlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ihtilaflar\u0131n\u0131 nefsin arzular\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutmu\u015flar ve yaln\u0131zca Allah r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmi\u015flerdir. Kesinlikle sadece kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011fru oldu\u011funu iddia etmemi\u015f, b\u00f6yle olmas\u0131n\u0131n daha uygun olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Nitekim \u0130mam-\u0131 Azam \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir: “Bizim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemiz bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ften ibarettir ve elde etti\u011fimiz en g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Birisi bizim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn daha g\u00fczelini ortaya koyarsa, bizden \u00e7ok ona uyulmas\u0131 gerekir.”[32]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Mezhep imamlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde birbirlerini incitmek bir yana daima birbirlerinden istifade ettikleri ve aralar\u0131nda sayg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131 olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Aralar\u0131ndaki ihtilaf y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil yap\u0131c\u0131 ihtilaft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fmeyin emriyle \u00e7eli\u015fmez, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha \u00f6nce de belirtti\u011fimiz gibi mezheplerin birden fazla olu\u015fu, \u00fcmmet i\u00e7in rahmet olmu\u015ftur. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 Sapk\u0131n Mezhepler ve Ak\u0131mlar<\/span><\/p>\n

Peygamberimiz bir hadisinde “\u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen \u015fey sizin de ba\u015f\u0131na gelecektir. \u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131 yetmi\u015f iki f\u0131rkaya ayr\u0131ld\u0131; \u00fcmmetim de onlardan bir fazlayla yetmi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 f\u0131rkaya ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r ve biri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda cehenneme gidecektir. Onlar benim ve ashab\u0131m\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu f\u0131rkad\u0131r”<\/strong> buyurmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu sapk\u0131n f\u0131rkalar faaliyetlerine devam ederek bilgi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zay\u0131f bulduklar\u0131 ki\u015fileri kendi sapk\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini kabul ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar. Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) daha sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk tohumlar\u0131 at\u0131lan bu ak\u0131mlar, d\u00f6rt halife d\u00f6neminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu ak\u0131mlar\u0131n genel \u00f6zellikleri \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralanabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kesin bir bilgiye dayanmadan ki\u015fisel heva ve isteklerine g\u00f6re davran\u0131rlar ve bat\u0131l ile h\u00fck\u00fcm verirler. Ki\u015fisel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde olduklar\u0131ndan \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda zararl\u0131 bid\u2019atlar\u0131n sokulmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc birlik ve beraberlik sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuran\u2019da ve s\u00fcnnette yerilmi\u015f olan \u201cdinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ka\u00e7ma\u201d<\/i><\/strong> y\u00fcz\u00fcnden baz\u0131 sapk\u0131n ak\u0131mlar olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Harici ismini alan birtak\u0131m ki\u015filer, ibadete d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn olduklar\u0131 halde dinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa gittikleri i\u00e7in \u0130slam\u2019a zarar vermi\u015flerdir. Resulullah Efendimiz (s.a.v.) bir hadisinde “dinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ktan uzak durun. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sizden evvelkilerin de helak olma sebebi bu idi” buyurmaktad\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de baz\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klara s\u0131k s\u0131k \u015fahit olmaktay\u0131z. Bilgi ve adaleti geri plana iterek Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e tabi olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara d\u00fc\u015fman olurlar. Kendileri gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen ak\u0131mlar\u0131 kafir ilan ederler. Onlarla sava\u015fmay\u0131 m\u00fcbah sayan ak\u0131mlar bile vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hariciler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan ilk f\u0131rkad\u0131r. Hz. Ebu Bekir’in (r.a.) hilafetinde herhangi bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildi. Hz. Osman’\u0131n (r.a.) \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda karga\u015faya sebep oldu. Hariciler bu karga\u015fa d\u00f6neminde Hz. Ali’den (r.a.) ve di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan ayr\u0131larak Harura denilen yere gittiler. Halifenin onlara her t\u00fcrl\u00fc haklar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00fcvenliklerinin sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vaad etmesine ra\u011fmen d\u00f6nmediler ve su\u00e7suz insanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hariciler konusunda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir kitap yoktur. Bunlar hakk\u0131nda genel bilgiyi hadis kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve \u0130slam tarihi konusunu ele alan eserlerden bulabiliyoruz. Peygamberimiz (s.a.v.) sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu ak\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle haber vermi\u015fti: “Sizden biriniz onlar\u0131n namazlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kendi namaz\u0131n\u0131, oru\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kendi orucunu, k\u0131raatlar\u0131 yan\u0131nda kendi k\u0131raat\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcp be\u011fenmeyecektir. Kur\u2019an okurlar fakat okuduklar\u0131 bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7mez. Onlar okun yaydan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi dinden \u00e7\u0131karlar.\u201d<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hariciler, manas\u0131n\u0131 iyice kavramadan Kur\u2019an\u2019dan baz\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler vererek \u0130slam aleminin ilk fitnesini olu\u015fturdular. Onlara g\u00f6re bir insan\u0131n g\u00fcnah i\u015flemesi, kafir say\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli bir sebeptir. Bu mant\u0131kla Hz. Osman (r.a.), Hz. Ali (r.a.) ve onlar\u0131n taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n Kuran\u2019a uymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ettiler. Bunun yan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130slam alimleri taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f sahih hadisleri inkar ettiler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vehabiler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vehabiler, 1703-1787 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Muhammed b. Abdulvehab taraf\u0131ndan ilk olarak Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131nda yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vehabi ismi kendileri taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, mezhebe muhalif olanlar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Muhammed b. Abdulvehab Riyad\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Tahsil i\u00e7in geldi\u011fi Mekke\u2019de \u0130bn Teymiye\u2019nin fikirleriyle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oradan Basra\u2019ya ge\u00e7ti. \u0130lk tart\u0131\u015fmalar burada ba\u015flad\u0131. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130slam alimlerinin devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve dinin direkt olarak Kuran\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frenilmesini savunuyordu. O\u2019na ilk olarak babas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve s\u00f6zlerinin dinlenmemesini istedi. B\u00fct\u00fcn mezarlar\u0131n yok edilmesi fikri baz\u0131 cahil insanlar taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, Hz. \u00d6mer’in (r.a.) karde\u015fi Zeyd bin Hattab\u2019\u0131n mezar\u0131 yok edildi. Baz\u0131 mezarlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra Abdulvehab\u2019\u0131n ismi duyulmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Muhammed bin Suud ile anla\u015farak Vehabi Devleti\u2019nin ilk temellerini att\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

Belli bir g\u00fcce ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra kendisine uymayanlar\u0131 dinden \u00e7\u0131kmakla itham ettiler ve taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde halk\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la yola getirme tehdidinde bulundular. Tasavvufa uyan ve t\u00fcrbeleri ziyaret edenlerin can ve mallar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerine uyanlara helal oldu\u011funu iddia ettiler. Bundan sonra fikirlerini kabul etmeyenlere kanl\u0131 bask\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlediler ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irdiler. Muhammed ibn Suud\u2019un yeni topraklar kazanmas\u0131 Vehabilerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc daha da artt\u0131rd\u0131. Kazan\u0131lan bu siyasi cephe, Muhammed ibn Suud\u2019un o\u011flu, Abdulaziz zaman\u0131nda da devam etti. Abdulaziz\u2019in \u015fu s\u00f6zleri Vehabilerin Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ortaya koymaya yetiyor. “… Fakat bu emelimin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi, Hz. Muhammed’in (s.a.v.) yolunda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet alimlerini ortadan kald\u0131rmak, yani Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ulemas\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7inen m\u00fc\u015frikleri tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ulemas\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerde mezhepta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n rahat y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.”[33]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i><\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n o d\u00f6nemde sava\u015f halinde olmas\u0131ndan yararlanan Vehabiler, yay\u0131lma politikalar\u0131na h\u0131z verdiler. Abdulvehap\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra hareket durmad\u0131, hatta daha da h\u0131zland\u0131. Abdulaziz ibn Suud 10 Muharrem 1802\u2019de Kerbela t\u00f6renine kat\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok Caferi\u2019yi k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irmesi ve Hz. H\u00fcseyin\u2019in t\u00fcrbesini da\u011f\u0131tmas\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda hala onar\u0131lamayan yaralar a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vehabiler Mekke, Medine ve Taif\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra bir\u00e7ok Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet alimini sebepsiz yere ast\u0131rd\u0131. Hatta uzun bir s\u00fcre Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e tabi olmu\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara hac yolunu kapatt\u0131lar. <\/span><\/p>\n

Vehabilerle Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Resulullah Efendimiz bir hadisinde “la ilahe illallah diyen ve Allah\u2019tan ba\u015fka ibadet olunacak \u015feyleri inkar eden kimsenin mal\u0131 ve can\u0131 haramd\u0131r ve hesab\u0131 Allah kat\u0131ndad\u0131r”<\/strong> buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Fakat Vehabilerin bu konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ki\u015finin can\u0131 ve mal\u0131na dokunulmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in dil ve kalp ile tasdik yan\u0131nda amelle tatbik \u015fart\u0131 aranmakta; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dini sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmeyenler k\u00e2fir say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

2) Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet \u00e2limlerinin hepsi, peygamberimizin ve salih m\u00fc\u2019minlerin hepsinin Allah\u2019\u0131n izniyle, \u015fefaat edece\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. Abdulvehab ise, putu tapmak ile Hz. Muhammed\u2019den \u015fefaat dilemeyi ayn\u0131 kefeye koymaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

3) Vehabiler Peygamberimiz zaman\u0131nda olmayan her \u015feyi t\u00fcmden reddedip yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda, makam\u0131 ile ezan okumak, kabir ziyareti yapmak, “Peygamber Efendimiz” diye s\u00f6ze ba\u015flamak, foto\u011fraf makinesi kullanmak da vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015febbihe ve M\u00fccessime<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli varl\u0131klara benzeten ak\u0131ma m\u00fc\u015febbihe ismi verilir. Bu ak\u0131m Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) ya zat\u0131n\u0131 ya da s\u0131fat ve hususiyetlerini \u00e7e\u015fitli varl\u0131klara benzetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fccessime ise Allah’\u0131n (c.c.) cisimlerin sahip oldu\u011fu vas\u0131flara sahip oldu\u011funa inan\u0131r. Oysa Allah her \u015feyi yaratan, her \u015feyde tecelli buyurand\u0131r. Ama Onun Zat\u0131 yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flara benzemekten m\u00fcnezzeh ve m\u00fcberrad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kaderiyye ve Mu\u2019tezile Mezhebi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn iddialar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0130nsanlar\u0131n fiillerini Allah (c.c.) yaratmay\u0131p kullar\u0131n kendileri yoktan var etmektedirler. <\/span><\/p>\n

– Kabir azab\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fcnker nekir meleklerini, s\u0131rat\u0131 inkar ederler.<\/span><\/p>\n

– K\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc amel defterlerinin okunmas\u0131n\u0131 inkar ederler.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Mira\u00e7 hadisesinin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 inkar ederler.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hz. Ali’yi (r.a.) b\u00fct\u00fcn halifelerden ve sahabeden \u00fcst\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcrler.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eia ve Rafizilik<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu ak\u0131mlar Hz. Osman’\u0131n (r.a.) \u015fehid edilmesinden sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Ali (r.a.) d\u00f6neminde tamamen propaganda ama\u00e7l\u0131 taraftar toplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar \u00fc\u00e7 gruba ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

Birinci grup Hz. Ali’nin (r.a.) ilah oldu\u011funu<\/strong> iddia ediyordu. Hz. Ali (r.a.) bunlara bir birlik g\u00f6ndererek ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. En b\u00fcy\u00fck taraftar toplayan ak\u0131m\u0131n bu birinci grup oldu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130kinci grup ise sahabenin \u00f6nde gelenlerine a\u00e7\u0131k olarak hakaret eden<\/strong> gruptu. Ebu Sevden\u2019in, Hz. Ebu Bekir (r.a.) ve Hz. \u00d6mer’e (r.a.) k\u00fcfretti\u011fini duyan Hz. Ali (r.a.) yakalanmas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015f, fakat yakalanmas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc grup ise mufaddilerdir. Bunlar Hz. Ali’yi (r.a.), Hz. \u00d6mer (r.a.) ve Hz. Osman’dan (r.a.) \u00fcst\u00fcn tutarlar.<\/strong> Oysa peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.v.) hadislerinde \u00fcmmetin en hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Ebu Bekir daha sonra \u00d6mer oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmi\u015ftir ve bu konuda Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet alimlerinin herhangi bir ihtilaf\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Rafiziler Hz. Ebu Bekir, Hz. \u00d6mer ve Hz. Osman\u2019\u0131n yolundan gidenleri tamamen kafir olarak kabul ettiler. B\u00f6ylelikle bundan sonra gelecek olan t\u00fcm Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 tekfir ettiler. Kendilerinden olmayan m\u00fcminlerin kanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve mallar\u0131n\u0131 helal sayd\u0131lar. Zira onlar\u0131 m\u00fcrted olarak kabul ediyorlard\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden Yahudi ve H\u0131ristiyanlarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmaktan geri durmad\u0131lar. \u015eialar, imamlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede y\u00fccelterek onlar\u0131 masum olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve her \u015feyi bildiklerini iddia ettiler. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fct\u00fcn meseleleri Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnete de\u011fil direkt olarak masum kabul ettikleri \u015eia imamlar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Rafizilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131, Kuran\u2019\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Hz. Muhammed’e (s.a.v.), bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise Hz. Ali’ye (s.a.v.) indi\u011fini iddia ederler. <\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet\u2019e Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Faaliyetler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sapk\u0131n ak\u0131mlar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de bo\u015f durmamaktad\u0131r. Seksenli y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda de\u011ferli bir \u0130slam aliminin o\u011flu olan Edip Y\u00fcksel taraf\u0131ndan tarihte ender g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir fitne ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edip Y\u00fcksel\u2019e g\u00f6re Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) s\u00fcnnetinin \u0130slam inanc\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u00f6nemi yoktur. Hadislerin sadece Hz. Muhammed’i (s.a.v.) ba\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmektedir. Edip Y\u00fcksel\u2019in iddialar\u0131 bunlarla kalmam\u0131\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 \u015farlatan Re\u015fad Halife\u2019nin son peygamber oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015ftir. Kuran\u2019da var oldu\u011fu bilinen 19 mucizesi konusunda da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya giderek, bu mucizeye uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle, baz\u0131 ayetlerin Kuran\u2019a sonradan eklendi\u011fi iddias\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edip Y\u00fcksel, Hz. Ebu Bekir\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f \u0130mam Gazali\u2019den Bedi\u00fczzaman\u2019a kadar t\u00fcm \u0130slam \u00e2limlerini sap\u0131kl\u0131kla su\u00e7lam\u0131\u015f, bunlar\u0131n \u0130slam dini ile ilgilerinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir. \u0130slam \u00e2leminin kurtar\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ilan edilen sahte peygamber Re\u015fad Halife\u2019nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00fczerine yalanlar\u0131 bir bir ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Edip Y\u00fcksel, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda ABD\u2019ye ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca sapk\u0131n ak\u0131mlarla birlikte, \u0130slam dinindeki Mehdi inanc\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanan sahte kurtar\u0131c\u0131lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu olaylar bize Peygamberimizin “sahte mehdiler gelmeden mehdi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131r”<\/i><\/strong> s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r. \u0130slamiyet\u2019te \u00f6nemli bir yeri olan mehdi inanc\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyevi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in suistimal eden bu ki\u015filere ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fc Allah\u2019\u0131n huzurunda hesap vereceklerini hat\u0131rlat\u0131r\u0131z. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde yayg\u0131nla\u015fan mezhepsizlik ak\u0131m\u0131 yurdumuzda da g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilgisiz ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lan baz\u0131 terc\u00fcme eserler, bir k\u0131s\u0131m gen\u00e7 dima\u011flar\u0131 etkilemektir. Bu eserlerden korunman\u0131n tek yolu, bir eser okumadan \u00f6nce, o eser hakk\u0131nda \u0130slam alimlerinden bilgi almakt\u0131r. Fazla yayg\u0131n olmamakla birlikte bu ak\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi Peygamberimizin m\u00fcminler \u00fczerinde bir vasiyetidir. Kendi \u00e7evremizde de bu tip ak\u0131mlardan etkilenmi\u015f insanlara rastlarsak, bunlara Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet ve\u2019l Cemaat\u2019in kabul etti\u011fi \u0130slam alimlerinin kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etmeli ve bilgilerimizi onlara aktarmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu her M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorumluluktur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n

[1] Darimi, Mukaddime 16<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] Ahzab Suresi: 21<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] Ali \u0130mran Suresi: 164<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] Fetih Suresi: 8-10<\/span><\/p>\n

[5] Nisa Suresi: 80<\/span><\/p>\n

[6] Araf Suresi: 157<\/span><\/p>\n

[7] Ha\u015fr Suresi: 7<\/span><\/p>\n

[8] Buhari, \u0130\u2019tisam 2<\/span><\/p>\n

[9] Nisa Suresi: 59
<\/span><\/p>\n

[10] Nisa Suresi: 65<\/span><\/p>\n

[11] Ahzab Suresi: 36<\/span><\/p>\n

[12] Nisa Suresi: 115<\/span><\/p>\n

[13] Muhammed Esed, el-\u0130slam ala Mufterakit-Turuk, s. 110<\/span><\/p>\n

[14] Tirmizi, Menak\u0131b 7\/147 Nesai, Taksir 1<\/span><\/p>\n

[15] Tefsiru Kurtubi, x\u0131\u0131, 365<\/span><\/p>\n

[16] S\u00fcyuti, Miftahu\u2019l Cenne, s. 53-54<\/span><\/p>\n

[17] Enfal Suresi: 24<\/span><\/p>\n

[18] Tirmizi<\/span><\/p>\n

[19] Nisa Suresi: 65<\/span><\/p>\n

[20] Ahzab Suresi: 36<\/span><\/p>\n

[21] Nur Suresi: 51<\/span><\/p>\n

[22] Necm Suresi: 3-4<\/span><\/p>\n

[23] Nisa Suresi: 59<\/span><\/p>\n

[24] Al-i \u0130mran Suresi: 31<\/span><\/p>\n

[25] Tirmizi<\/span><\/p>\n

[26] Nisa Suresi: 14<\/span><\/p>\n

[27] Tevbe Suresi: 128<\/span><\/p>\n

[28] Buhari<\/p>\n

[29] M\u00fcslim<\/p>\n

[30] Muhammed Ebu Zehra, \u0130slamda Siyasi, \u0130tikadi ve F\u0131khi Mezhepler Tarihi, s. 21<\/p>\n

[31] E\u015f-\u015ea\u2019rani, el-Mizan\u00fc\u2019l K\u00fcbra 1:51<\/p>\n

[32] Muhammed Ebu Zehra, \u0130slamda Siyasi, \u0130tikadi ve F\u0131khi Mezhepler Tarihi, s. 354<\/p>\n

[33] Ey\u00fcp Sabri Pa\u015fa, Tarih-i Vehhabiyan, s. 40<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00fcnnet\u2019i Terk Etme Tehlikesi ve Sapk\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u201c\u015eayet \u00f6rneksiz ve rehbersiz, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 Kerim\u2019i do\u011fru anlamak ve uygulamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsayd\u0131, Cenab\u0131 Hak ayr\u0131ca Peygamber g\u00f6ndermez, bizzat yaparak ve ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011fretmek \u00fczere Aleyhis-salat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimizi g\u00f6revlendirmezdi. Kur\u2019an ayetlerini yaz\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcshalar halinde K\u00e2be\u2019nin dam\u0131na indirir \u201cgidip al\u0131n, okuyun anlay\u0131n ve uygulay\u0131n\u201d diye emrederdi. Ama o takdirde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar nas\u0131l […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ozel-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2701"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}