Bizim inanc\u0131m\u0131zda: \u0130nsan, \u0130slam\u2019dan \u00fcst\u00fcn say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130slam, insana huzur sa\u011flamak ve kurtulu\u015fa ula\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere yollanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u0130nsana b\u00fct\u00fcn haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ve en hay\u0131rl\u0131 ya\u015fam kurallar\u0131n\u0131 koyan \u0130slam\u2019d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onu yaratan ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan Cenab-\u0131 Hak\u2019t\u0131r. Yeni bir elektronik ve teknolojik ara\u00e7 sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, onunla birlikte bir \u201cKullanma K\u0131lavuzu\u201d verilmesi do\u011fald\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onu \u00fcreten ustalar\u0131 ve fabrikas\u0131; ne maksatla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, nas\u0131l verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fl\u0131ca ar\u0131zalar\u0131n\u0131 ve giderme yollar\u0131n\u0131 en iyi bilen konumundad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim; b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hidayet rehberi, Hz. Peygamberimiz ise en m\u00fckemmel istikamet \u00f6rne\u011fi olmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Bizim <\/strong>\u201cen hay\u0131rl\u0131 \u00fcmmet\u201d<\/em><\/strong> olma \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z ise, istisnas\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n hayr\u0131na ve huzuruna yarayacak niyet ve gayret i\u00e7inde olmam\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cSiz (sadece M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn) insanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir \u00fcmmet oldunuz. (\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc siz, \u00fclkenizde ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde) Ma’rufu (Hakk\u0131 ve hayr\u0131) emredip y\u00fcr\u00fctecek, m\u00fcnkeri (zulm\u00fc ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri) nehyedip \u00f6nleyecek (bir Adil D\u00fczen kurmaya) \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Ve Allah’a (tam) iman edip (ba\u011flan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z). \u015eayet Kitap Ehli de (b\u00f6yle) inanm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, elbette kendileri i\u00e7in hay\u0131rl\u0131 olurdu. Onlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden de (baz\u0131) iman edenler vard\u0131r, fakat \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu f\u0131ska sapanlard\u0131r.\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n: 110) ayeti bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Hz. Peygamberimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201c(Ey insanlar) Rabbiniz Allah (ayn\u0131d\u0131r) birdir, atan\u0131z (Adem) de birdir. Arap\u2019\u0131n Arap olmayana, siyah\u0131n beyaza -takva (iyilikte yar\u0131\u015fma, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten sak\u0131nma) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda- hi\u00e7bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir\u2026\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(M\u00fcsned. \u0130bn-i Hanbel, c. 5, 411)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cHizmet\u00e7ileriniz (i\u015f\u00e7i ve \u00fccretlileriniz) sizin karde\u015flerinizdir. Onlara yedi\u011finizden yedirin, giydi\u011finizden giydirin. A\u011f\u0131r g\u00f6revler y\u00fcklemeyin, zor i\u015flerinde yard\u0131m edin\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cEy insanlar! Hepiniz (ayn\u0131) Adem\u2019in neslisiniz. Bir ambar i\u00e7indeki bu\u011fday taneleri gibisiniz!\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(\u0130bn-i Kesir, c. 4, no: 218)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar (temel haklar\u0131 ve haysiyetlerinin korunmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda) bir tara\u011f\u0131n di\u015fleri gibi e\u015fittir.\u201d <\/em><\/strong>hadisleri gayet a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Hz. Peygamberimizin (SAV) yolda\u015f\u0131, damad\u0131, ilim ve hikmet \u00fclkesinin kutlu kap\u0131s\u0131 Hz. Ali Efendimiz ise, Resul\u00fcllah\u2019tan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi bu ger\u00e7ekleri, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a Vali tayin etti\u011fi Malik bin Haris\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 emirnamede \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyip hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201c\u0130nsanlar ya Dinde karde\u015finiz veya yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fta e\u015fitiniz (denginiz-benzeriniz)dir.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>Evet \u0130SLAM\u2019da; cenneti ve sonsuz-kusursuz saadeti kazanmak i\u00e7in elbette inanmak ve o do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden sak\u0131nmak laz\u0131md\u0131r. Ama, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na zarar vermemek \u015fart\u0131yla; hangi inan\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015fta\u2026 Hangi \u0131rk, renk, dil ve davran\u0131\u015fta olursa olsun, Adil bir D\u00fczen i\u00e7erisinde b\u00fct\u00fcn haklar\u0131na ve huzur ortam\u0131na sahip ve sayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imde ya\u015famak i\u00e7in, sadece \u0130NSAN olmak yeterli say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n 14 as\u0131r \u00f6nce bu y\u00fcksek ve \u00f6rnek bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131na, \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Bat\u0131 Medeniyeti ancak 200 sene \u00f6nce varm\u0131\u015f, bu g\u00fcya \u201cinsan haklar\u0131\u201d slogan ve programlar\u0131n\u0131 da yeni zul\u00fcm ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7arklar\u0131na k\u0131l\u0131f olarak kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte neredeyse 2 y\u0131ld\u0131r, sapk\u0131n ve azg\u0131n Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u015f\u0131mar\u0131k \u00e7ocu\u011fu Kuduz \u0130srail\u2019in Filistin\u2019deki barbar soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Bat\u0131l\u0131 kapitalist \u00fclke ve toplumlar\u0131n da, Do\u011fulu sosyalist halklar\u0131n da\u2026 Yani Amerika\u2019s\u0131ndan Avrupa\u2019s\u0131na, \u00c7in\u2019inden Rusya\u2019s\u0131na\u2026 Hepsinin g\u00f6zlerini yummas\u0131, kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kamas\u0131\u2026 Ayn\u0131 canavarl\u0131k tavr\u0131n\u0131n 30 sene \u00f6nce BOSNA\u2019dan hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131, bunlar\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 konusundaki \u00e7irkef sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7ifte standartlar\u0131n\u0131n en a\u00e7\u0131k kan\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r! Hz. Peygamberimizin <\/strong>\u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n en hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131, (ba\u015fka) insanlara yarar\u0131 dokunand\u0131r!\u201d<\/em><\/strong> hadisinin ufkuna, bunlar asla varamayacaklard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u201cKast Sistemi\u201d ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Yalan\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kast; i\u00e7ine kapanm\u0131\u015f ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f toplum kesimlerinin mecburen sadece kendi aralar\u0131ndaki evliliklerle (endogami ile) olu\u015fan sosyal tabakala\u015fman\u0131n bir \u00e7e\u015fididir. UNICEF ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u0130zleme \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda y\u00fcz milyonlarca (asl\u0131nda milyarlarca) insan kast ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etkilenmektedir. “Kast”<\/em> terimi, Portekizce ve \u0130spanyolcada \u201ccasta\u201d; \u0131rk, soy; Latincede ise \u201ccastus\u201d; saf soy anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Hindistan’\u0131n ve Afrika’n\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de h\u00e2l\u00e2 resmen uygulanan bir sistemdir. S\u0131n\u0131f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na dayanan, insan haklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve sistemdir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in’de uygulanan \u201cHukou Sistemi\u201d de kast sistemi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Kast sistemindeki s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma \u00f6ncelikle evlilik ve i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgilidir. Bu terim, ayn\u0131 zamanda argo dilinde ge\u00e7mekte ve sosyolojik bir terim olarak da ifade edilmektedir. Hatta modern toplumlarda resmen ve ismen olmasa da, fikren ve fiilen yer alan bir terimdir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Hindistan\u2019da Kast Sisteminin Vicdans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kast d\u00fczeni, Hindistan\u2019da uzun s\u00fcredir h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrmektedir. Maalesef hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n her alan\u0131nda bu d\u00fczenin etkisi h\u00e2kimdir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>E\u015f ve \u0130\u015f Se\u00e7imi: Kast sisteminde grup i\u00e7inde evlenmeler (endogami=akraba evlili\u011fi) bir mecburiyettir. Kimin hangi mesle\u011fi yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kast sistemi belirlemi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 kast i\u00e7indekiler ancak birbirleriyle evlenebilirler.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Birlikte Yeme-\u0130\u00e7me Yasa\u011f\u0131: Hindistan\u2019da \u00f6nceden insanlar\u0131n hep birlikte yemek yemeleri yasakt\u0131; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fcst kastlar bunu ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorlard\u0131. Kendilerini onlarla kirletme korkular\u0131 vard\u0131. Bug\u00fcn bu ayr\u0131m k\u0131smen kald\u0131r\u0131lsa da k\u0131rsal kesimlerde h\u00e2l\u00e2 eski kurallar uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Kast sisteminde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, zenginlik ya da fakirlik durumuna g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmaz. Rit\u00fcel safl\u0131k ve meslek durumlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc al\u0131n\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, Hinduizm inan\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kast Sisteminde \u00dcst Tabaka, Alt Tabaka \u015eu \u015eekilde Olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>1- Belli ba\u015fl\u0131 d\u00f6rt ana tabaka (Varna) vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>2- Bu tabakalar da kendi aralar\u0131nda alt tabakalara (Jatiler) ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cVarna\u201d <\/strong>Sanskrit\u00e7e bir kelimedir. \u201cS\u0131n\u0131f, stat\u00fc, renk\u201d<\/em> anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Bunlara G\u00f6re D\u00f6rt \u00c7e\u015fit Varna (\u0130nsan Tabakas\u0131) Vard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>1- Brahmanlar (Entelekt\u00fcel bir tabakad\u0131r. Kutsal yaz\u0131lar\u0131 (Veda) yorumlayan se\u00e7kin \u015fah\u0131slard\u0131r. Bilginler ve rahipler bu tabakada yer al\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>2- Kshatriyalar (K\u015fatriyalar) (Askerlerin, prenslerin ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey b\u00fcrokrasinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir tabakad\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>3- Vai\u015fyalar (T\u00fcccarlar, b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak baronlar\u0131 ve patronlard\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>4- \u015eudralar (\u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, hizmet\u00e7iler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve k\u00f6leler tabakas\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir de kast sistemine d\u00e2hil edilmeyenler (dokunulmas\u0131 insan\u0131 kirletenler) vard\u0131r. Bunlar Paryalar olarak bilinir. (\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tabakas\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar ve hi\u00e7bir haklar\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n toplam say\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015fta Hindistan ve \u00c7in olmak \u00fczere y\u00fcz milyonlara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in ve s\u00f6zde insan haklar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin bu a\u00e7\u0131k ve yayg\u0131n zulm\u00fc \u00f6nleme, hatta g\u00fcndeme getirme konusunda ciddi, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve netice verici hi\u00e7bir giri\u015fimlerine de maalesef rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Varna terimiyle ten rengi kastedilmektedir. Bu sistemde bir ki\u015fi ne kadar a\u00e7\u0131k renkliyse o kadar \u00fcst tabakada yer al\u0131r. Ten rengi ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin hangi \u0131rktan olduklar\u0131n\u0131n da kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Varna sistemi, kast sisteminin entelekt\u00fcel ve ideolojik d\u00fczeyi olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sistem toplumsal hiyerar\u015fiyi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Kast d\u00fczeninin olu\u015fmas\u0131 as\u0131rlar \u00f6ncesine dayan\u0131r. Bununla ilgili ne bir kurum ne de bir belge vard\u0131r. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kast sisteminin kurallar\u0131 ilk olarak Manu Smriti’de (M\u00d6 200 ve MS 200 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda) yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer t\u00fcm Hindu yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda kast sistemi, ama\u00e7 edinmeye de\u011fer ger\u00e7ekler olarak aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hinduizm\u2019e g\u00f6re; kozmik ve sosyal g\u00f6revlerle (Dharma \u00f6\u011fretisi) kast sistemine aitlik aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir Kshatriya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revi topluma \u00f6nderlik etmek, onu korumakt\u0131r. Brahmanlar\u0131n g\u00f6revi ise; kutsal yaz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek, \u00f6\u011fretmek ve uygulamakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kshatriya (K\u015fatriyalar)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kshatriya, Sanskrit\u00e7ede asker ve asil anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Hint kast sisteminde ikinci s\u0131n\u0131fta yer alanlar (Varnalar) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir kavramd\u0131r. Askerler, soylular ve krallardan (Raja) olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. En \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revleri \u00fclkeyi savunmakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle giri\u015fimci ruhlar\u0131 ve azimleri onlar\u0131n temel \u00f6zellikleri say\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 Kshatriyalar; sistemi, yasalar\u0131 korumak, refah ve mutlulu\u011fu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca savunmas\u0131z ya da s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7inde olanlara yard\u0131m etmek, ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Kshatriyalar eskiden \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli konumdayd\u0131, ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde art\u0131k eskisi kadar \u00f6nemli say\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Kshatriyalar\u0131n as\u0131l meslekleri politikad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn siyasette \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131lar \u00e7o\u011funluktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cJatiler\u201din Farkl\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Varnalar (Hindistan halk tabakalar\u0131), y\u00fczlerce Jati\u2019lere ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Jati kavram\u0131 \u201cjan\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cDo\u011fu\u015f\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu, Jati kavram\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar zalim oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Yani insanlar do\u011fu\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve su\u00e7lu say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Jati\u2019ler, kast sisteminin sosyal ve aile boyutlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Birey, kast i\u00e7indeki stat\u00fcs\u00fcne do\u011fu\u015ftan sahip olmaktad\u0131r. Bu stat\u00fcy\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. Jati\u2019ler, hem profesyonel hem de etnik, sosyoekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel farkl\u0131la\u015fma i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p durmaktad\u0131r. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u201cHarijanlar\u201d Tabakas\u0131!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Bunlara <\/strong>\u201cDokunulmazlar\u201d<\/em><\/strong> da denmektedir. Harijan kavram\u0131, Hindistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck milli lideri Mahatma Gandhi\u2019nin soyundan gelenler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u201cTanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131\u201d ya da \u201cVi\u015fnu-do\u011fumlu\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. (Vi\u015fnu: Hinduizm\u2019de Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir \u015feklidir.) Hindistan\u2019\u0131n ilk Adalet Bakan\u0131 B. R. Ambedkar taraf\u0131ndan kast sistemine kar\u015f\u0131 Neobudizm hareketi ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cDalitlerin\u201d (dokunulmazlar\u0131n) hareketidir (Dalit, zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tepkidir). Neobudizm\u2019in \u00fcyelerinin \u00e7o\u011fu dokunulmazlar\u0131n eski \u00fcyelerindendir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Safl\u0131k ve Kirlilik Kavramlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Farkl\u0131 Jatiler (halk kesimleri) aras\u0131nda safl\u0131k ve kirlilik kavramlar\u0131 tam bir zul\u00fcm arac\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada bunlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Brahmanlar ve rahipler \u201csaf\u201d<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Bula\u015f\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, berberlik ve \u00e7\u00f6p toplama gibi kirli i\u015fleri yapanlar da \u201ckirli\u201d<\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Saf tabaka kendilerini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kirli tabakadan uzak tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda fiziksel temizlik ve kirlilik de \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctt\u00fcr. Bu nedenle dokunulmas\u0131 ay\u0131p say\u0131lanlar\u0131n (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n) tap\u0131naklara girmeleri bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 yasakt\u0131r. Ancak bu ay\u0131r\u0131m, sadece k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerde daha da yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kentlerde, kast \u00fcyeleri kendi adlar\u0131yla birlikte kast\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6ylemek zorundad\u0131r. Bu ayr\u0131m, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde oldu\u011fu gibi ekonomik ve sosyal stat\u00fcye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>Parya\u2019lar ve U\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 Barbarl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Parya\u2019lar, kast sistemine dahil edilmezler, \u201cdaha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. (\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tabakas\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar.) Hindistan\u2019da y\u00fczbinlerce Parya ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Ve bunlar eski k\u00f6lelerden \u00e7ok daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 durumdad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>Hindistan (Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in, Kuzey Kore ve Afrika\u2019da) Yayg\u0131n Manu Yasalar\u0131na G\u00f6re Paryalar;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– K\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oturmaya mahk\u00fbmdurlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Geceleri k\u00f6ylerde ve \u015fehirlerde dola\u015famazlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– G\u00fcnd\u00fczleri \u015fehirlerde kendilerinin Parya oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren simge vb. \u015feylerle dola\u015fmak zorundad\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Sadece \u00f6lenlerden geriye kalan k\u0131yafetleri giyebilecek konumdad\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– E\u015fek ve k\u00f6pekten ba\u015fka hayvana sahip olamazlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Kast sistemi i\u00e7inde yer alan hi\u00e7 kimseye ve hi\u00e7bir gerek\u00e7e ile dokunamazlar. (Hatta doktor-hasta ili\u015fkilerinde bile buna uyarlar.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Kimsesizlerin cenazelerini kald\u0131rmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc say\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Kastlarda yer alan ki\u015filerin yapmak istemedi\u011fi en k\u00f6t\u00fc ve zorlu i\u015fleri yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutulurlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kast Sistemindeki Baz\u0131 Kurallar ve Yasaklar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Bir Hindu kendisinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kastta olan birisi ile ayn\u0131 sofrada yemek yiyemez, zaten alt kasttan birinin pi\u015firdi\u011fi yeme\u011fi yemesi de yasakt\u0131r. Bu sebepten olsa gerek zengin Hintliler yeme\u011fini pi\u015firmek \u00fczere herkesin yiyebildi\u011fi Brahman s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan a\u015f\u00e7\u0131 tutarlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– \u00dcst kastlardan veya kendi kast\u0131ndan birini \u00f6ld\u00fcren kimse idam cezas\u0131 al\u0131r. Alt s\u0131n\u0131ftan birini \u00f6ld\u00fcren ki\u015fi ise hafif cezalarla kurtulur.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Brahmanlar 4, Kshatriyalar 3, Vay\u015fiyalar 2, Sudralar ise 1 kad\u0131nla evlenebilir. Kastlar aras\u0131 evlilik kesinlikle yasakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– E\u015fi \u00f6len bir kad\u0131n\u0131n tekrar evlenmesi t\u00fcm kastlarda yasakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Kast kurallar\u0131na uymayanlara verilen en b\u00fcy\u00fck ceza kasttan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da toplumdan d\u0131\u015flanma anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Kasttan at\u0131lan bir ki\u015finin tekrar kasta al\u0131nmas\u0131 zordur, ancak baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirirse, tekrar al\u0131nabilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>– Meslekler babadan o\u011fula ge\u00e7er.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Hindistan\u2019da kast sistemi 1975 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kanunla s\u00f6zde kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak \u00f6zellikle k\u0131rsal kesimde hatta t\u00fcm \u00fclkede h\u00e2l\u00e2 fiilen uygulanmaktad\u0131r. \u015eehirlerde ya\u015fayan insanlar ise evlilik ve yemek \u00e2detleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sisteme ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Baz\u0131 siyasi partiler de, se\u00e7im zamanlar\u0131nda baz\u0131 kastlar\u0131n deste\u011fini almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Kom\u00fcnist Kuzey Kore\u2019de Kast Sistemi Uygulanmaktad\u0131r!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 kom\u00fcnist Kuzey Kore halk\u0131 devlet taraf\u0131ndan Songbun adl\u0131 sistemle 3 ana s\u0131n\u0131fa ve 51 kategoriye ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve her vatanda\u015fla ilgili gizli bir dosya tutulmaktad\u0131r. <\/strong>Songbun derecesi,<\/em><\/strong> her Kuzey Korelinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f ve ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131ndan evlili\u011fi, e\u011fitimi ve devletten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmete kadar t\u00fcm hayat\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendiren kurallard\u0131r. Kuzey Kore’de 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k zorunlu e\u011fitim ve 3 ila 5 y\u0131l askerlikten sonra \u00fcniversiteye gidilir veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r. \u00dclkede ki\u015finin mesle\u011fine kendisi de\u011fil devlet karar verir ve bunda <\/strong>Songbun<\/em><\/strong> sisteminin rol\u00fc vard\u0131r. Songbun seviyesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olanlar kentlerden uzakta kol g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan i\u015fler yapar, y\u00fcksek olanlar ise \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revlere atan\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>
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\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t