{"id":3864,"date":"2016-07-26T03:30:24","date_gmt":"2016-07-26T03:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2016\/07\/26\/kucuk-kizlarin-evlendirilmesi-hem-islama-hem-insanliga-aykiridir-2\/"},"modified":"2016-07-26T03:30:24","modified_gmt":"2016-07-26T03:30:24","slug":"kucuk-kizlarin-evlendirilmesi-hem-islama-hem-insanliga-aykiridir-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/2016\/agustos-2016\/kucuk-kizlarin-evlendirilmesi-hem-islama-hem-insanliga-aykiridir\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck K\u0131zlar\u0131n Evlendirilmesi HEM \u0130SLAM\u2019A HEM \u0130NSANLI\u011eA AYKIRIDIR!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0130slam, “F\u0131trat” Dinidir ve Allah Yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

F\u0131trat; Arap\u00e7ada bir \u015feyi uzunlamas\u0131na ve do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 yarmak (Fatrun) ve hamuru yo\u011furup, mayalanmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemeden ekmek yapmak (Fatert\u00fc-l-acin) [Not: (Anadolu’da h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu FET\u0130R ekmek tabir olunmaktad\u0131r) k\u00f6k\u00fcnden gelen: \u0130lk yaratma (ibda ve in\u015fa), yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f amac\u0131na ve esaslar\u0131na uygun olma, insan tabiat\u0131na, yani biyolojik ve psikolojik do\u011fas\u0131na yatk\u0131n bulunma anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“Bu nedenle Sen y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc (ve y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc) tam bir teslimiyetle Hakk Din’e \u00e7evir; Allah’\u0131n (be\u015fer tabiat\u0131na uygun olarak g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi) <\/span><\/em><\/strong>F\u0131trat Dinine<\/span><\/strong> (ve \u0130slam d\u00fczenine) d\u00f6n ki, (Cenab-\u0131 Hakk) insanlar\u0131 ona g\u00f6re (f\u0131trat dinine, do\u011fal ve sosyal dengelere uygun \u015fekilde) yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Allah’\u0131n yaratmas\u0131 (ve kanun koymas\u0131) de\u011fi\u015ftirilemez. (\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc f\u0131trat esaslar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k felaketlere yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.) \u0130\u015fte dimdik ayakta duran Hakk Din budur. Fakat insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu (ger\u00e7e\u011fi) bilmezler (ve \u00f6\u011frenmek istemezler, bu y\u00fczden hidayetten mahrum kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r).” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Rum: 30) ayeti kerimesi de bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi hat\u0131rlatmakta, \u0130slam’\u0131n f\u0131trat dini oldu\u011funu vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Yani Kur’an f\u0131trat Dininin kitab\u0131d\u0131r, insan\u0131n do\u011fal ve sosyal yap\u0131s\u0131na ve yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na uygun kurallar bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber Efendimiz ise bu <\/span><\/strong>\u0130lahi ve f\u0131tri kanun ve kurallar\u0131<\/span><\/strong>, h\u00e2\u015f\u00e2 <\/span><\/strong>iptal <\/span><\/strong>i\u00e7in de\u011fil, izah ve ir\u015fat i\u00e7in, bizzat yaparak ve ya\u015fayarak en g\u00fczel \u00f6rnek olmak \u00fczere g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vicdan <\/span><\/strong>ise, bozulmam\u0131\u015f, yamukla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yozla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f insan f\u0131trat\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi do\u011fal ve do\u011fru tepkiler olmaktad\u0131r. Aleyhisselat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimizin; <\/span><\/strong>“M\u00fcft\u00fcler fetva verse de, siz yine vicdan\u0131n\u0131za dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> uyar\u0131s\u0131 da f\u0131trata-vicdana g\u00fcvenilmesi ve bunlara uygun hareket edilmesi gere\u011fini emir buyurmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc <\/span><\/strong>f\u0131trat:<\/span><\/strong> b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n, insan olmalar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan varl\u0131k gayelerine esas olan, hepsinde ortak bulunan genel yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f yasalar\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir canl\u0131n\u0131n kendisine \u00f6zg\u00fc yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikleri ve esaslar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Canl\u0131lar bu yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f yasalar\u0131na uygun davranmaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re canl\u0131lar\u0131n tehlikelerden nas\u0131l korunaca\u011f\u0131, a\u00e7l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in ne yapmalar\u0131, bar\u0131naklar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l kuracaklar\u0131 ve di\u011fer canl\u0131 t\u00fcrleriyle ili\u015fkilerini nas\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olacaklar\u0131, Allah taraf\u0131ndan tabiatlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; bir civcivin yumurtadan \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz yerde taneler aramas\u0131, bir inek yavrusunun do\u011far do\u011fmaz annesini emmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 vb. bunlar\u0131n hepsi canl\u0131lar\u0131n f\u0131tratlar\u0131n\u0131n, yani yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n bir icab\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer bunlar\u0131n tersi olursa, f\u0131tratta bir bozulma durumu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak ve hayat\u0131n dengesi bozulacakt\u0131r. Bu ger\u00e7ek Kur’an’da \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <\/span><\/strong>“Rabbimiz her \u015feye yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 (varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n icab\u0131n\u0131, f\u0131trat kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131) veren ve sonra hidayet (hay\u0131r ve hizmet) yolunu G\u00f6sterendir” yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti…” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Taha: 50)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

F\u0131trat;<\/span><\/strong> insanda Hakk\u0131, do\u011fruyu, hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve yararl\u0131 olan\u0131 kabul etme yetene\u011finin potansiyel olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu anlamda, \u0130slam dini ile f\u0131trat aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n ili\u015fki vard\u0131r: <\/span><\/strong>“(Ey Resul\u00fcm!) \u00d6yleyse Sen (ve \u00fcmmetin), Allah’tan (bir takdir olarak) geri \u00e7evrilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan g\u00fcn (\u00f6l\u00fcm ve k\u0131yamet) gelmeden \u00f6nce, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc dimdik ayakta duran (Hakk) Dine \u00e7evir. (Ve \u0130slam’da sebat et ki, zaten) O g\u00fcn (ahirette m\u00fc’minlerden) ayr\u0131l\u0131p b\u00f6l\u00fcnecekler (ve lay\u0131k olduklar\u0131 cehenneme gireceklerdir).” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Rum: 43) ayetinden, insanlar\u0131n tabiat\u0131nda Allah’a inanma meylinin, iyilik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck kriterinin mevcut oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nsano\u011flu bir musibetle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, y\u00fcce bir varl\u0131\u011fa s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma ihtiyac\u0131 duymakta, yararl\u0131 ve zararl\u0131 \u015feyleri ay\u0131rt etme duygusuna sahip bulunmaktad\u0131r. Hz. Peygamberden gelen bir rivayetten de <\/span><\/strong>“f\u0131trat”<\/span><\/strong>\u0131n; Allah’\u0131 ve \u0130slam’\u0131 kabul etme yetene\u011fi oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>“Her insan f\u0131trat \u00fczere (Allah’\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve birli\u011fini kabule e\u011filimli olarak) d\u00fcnyaya gelir. Bundan sonra ebeveyni onu Yahudi, Hristiyan ve Mecusi (veya ba\u015fka b\u00e2t\u0131l bir din ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden) yapar.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>Buradan, ki\u015finin inan\u00e7 se\u00e7iminde \u00e7evresinin \u00f6nemli pay\u0131 oldu\u011fu da vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evet, <\/span><\/strong>f\u0131trat;<\/span><\/strong> “yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f” amac\u0131na ve esaslar\u0131na m\u00fcnasip \u0130lahi kanundur. B\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde mevcut olan “do\u011fru”ya yatk\u0131n olma durumu; fazla zorlanmadan “do\u011fru”yu fark edebilme duygusu da f\u0131trata uygunluktur. F\u0131tratta; akl\u0131n, duygunun ve sezginin birlikte etkin olmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu sebepten, f\u0131trata dayal\u0131 de\u011ferlerde ve bu de\u011ferlerle ilgili bilgilerde, insanlar aras\u0131nda anlama ve kavrama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fczey ve derece fark\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, keyfilik ve g\u00f6recelilik belirleyici say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nsan, akl\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, Allah’\u0131n Var ve Bir oldu\u011funu kavrayabilecek \u015fekilde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buhari ve M\u00fcslim’de ge\u00e7en, “her \u00e7ocu\u011fun f\u0131trat \u00fczere yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131”n\u0131 belirten Hadis’te, her insan\u0131n f\u0131traten hakikati bulabilecek \u015fekilde yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekten de, akl\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru kullanmay\u0131 ba\u015farabilen, sezgilerini iyi de\u011ferlendiren, vicdan\u0131n\u0131n sesini dinleyen her insan\u0131n, hakikati bulma imk\u00e2n\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130slam’\u0131n, f\u0131trat ile yani yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n yasalar\u0131 ve bu yasalara uygun olan, do\u011fal olan \u015feylerle \u00e7eli\u015fmesi ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, akla ve Kur’an’a ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. F\u0131trat\u0131n sonradan \u00e7evresel etkiler ve \u015feytani d\u00fcrt\u00fclerle bozulmas\u0131 ayr\u0131d\u0131r ve bu konuda Kur’an, ciddi olarak uyarmaktad\u0131r: “\u0130<\/em>nsanlar\u0131n kendi ellerinin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 (tahribat ve talanlar\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7mas\u0131yla, do\u011fal ve sosyal yap\u0131y\u0131 bozmalar\u0131) dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, karada ve denizde (nice) fesat ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 (\u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r). Umulur ki, (fesatl\u0131k ve f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131p do\u011fay\u0131 tahribattan) d\u00f6nerler diye (Allah) onlara yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 (felaket ve musibet olarak) kendilerine tatt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. <\/em>[Not: Bu y\u00fczden deprem ve sel gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli afetler ve felaketler ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Faiz ve rant ekonomisi de emek ve \u00fcretime dayal\u0131 do\u011fal ve do\u011fru iktisadi hayat\u0131 temelinden bozmakta ve hayat\u0131 yozla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.]” <\/em>(Rum: 41)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu kadar giri\u015ften sonra, herkesin f\u0131trat\u0131na, vicdan\u0131na, iman\u0131na ve iz’an\u0131na soruyoruz: \u0130ddia edildi\u011fi gibi; 6-9-12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funu gelin edecek ve evlenmek \u00fczere isteyenlere verecek bir baba-ana var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hay\u0131r, elbette yoktur. B\u00f6yle bir insan asla \u00e7\u0131kmayacakt\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc f\u0131trata, yani insan tabiat\u0131na (do\u011fal ve sosyal yap\u0131s\u0131na) ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, f\u0131trat dini olan \u0130slam’a da tamamen z\u0131t ve fasit bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Bu as\u0131ls\u0131z ve ahl\u00e2ks\u0131z iddialar\u0131, <\/span><\/strong>“Dini fetvalar ve \u00e2limlerin cevazlar\u0131”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> gibi sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, e\u011fer rivayet\u00e7i ve taklit\u00e7i basit bilgi\u00e7lik budalas\u0131 de\u011fillerse, mutlaka ruh hastalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu fasit fetvalar\u0131, “\u0130slam’\u0131n esaslar\u0131 ve cevazlar\u0131” gibi aktaran zevata sormak laz\u0131md\u0131r: <\/span><\/strong>Sizin 6 (alt\u0131) ya\u015f\u0131ndaki, hatta 9, 10 veya 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki, hen\u00fcz anas\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bebe\u011finizi veya ilkokul talebenizi gelin almak \u00fczere evinize k\u0131z istemeye gelenleri nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131lar ve nas\u0131l u\u011furlars\u0131n\u0131z? “Hay hay, ho\u015f geldiniz, safalar getirdiniz, \u0130slam’\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi bir konuda boynumuz k\u0131ldan incedir, buyurun al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcn, 6 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z\u0131m sizin gelininizdir!” <\/em>diyecek kadar vicdans\u0131z, ayars\u0131z ve ars\u0131z bir insan m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, yoksa en az\u0131ndan bu sapk\u0131n ve \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n ki\u015fileri evinizden kovar m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0130slam’da evlilik ya\u015f\u0131 konusunda belirlenen bir s\u0131n\u0131r bulunmamaktad\u0131r” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(El-Hindi 14. C. Sh: 276) gibi, hem f\u0131trata (\u0130lahi yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f kurallar\u0131na) hem de Kur’an’a ve Resul\u00fcllah’a ayk\u0131r\u0131 fetvalar hat\u0131r\u0131na, 6 veya 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bebe\u011fini gelin verecek bir baba, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 diri diri g\u00f6men m\u00fc\u015friklerden daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve ac\u0131mas\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr fasit fetvalar\u0131 veren \u00e2limler, ba\u015fka pek \u00e7ok konuda hay\u0131rl\u0131 ve yararl\u0131 kanaat ve i\u00e7tihatlar ortaya koymu\u015f olsalar da, bu konuda yan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ve zaten onlar\u0131n hi\u00e7 yan\u0131lmayacaklar\u0131 iddias\u0131 imana ve \u0130slam’a ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0130slam \u00e2limlerinin bir\u00e7o\u011funa g\u00f6re, erginlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na girmemi\u015f bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funun uygun bir kimseyle evlendirilmesi caiz bulunmaktad\u0131r. ‘(Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k sebebiyle) Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131zdan art\u0131k adetten kesilmi\u015f (menopoza girmi\u015f veya ameliyatla ayba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fini yitirmi\u015f) bulunanlarla; (ve yine evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na geldi\u011fi halde t\u0131bbi nedenler ve f\u0131tri -do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen- baz\u0131 engellerle) adet g\u00f6rmemi\u015f olanlar\u0131n iddet (bekleme s\u00fcre)leri ise -e\u011fer \u015f\u00fcpheye d\u00fc\u015fecek olursan\u0131z- (biliniz ki) \u00fc\u00e7 ayd\u0131r…’ (Talak: 4) mealindeki ayette yer alan “Hen\u00fcz \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeyenlerin de s\u00fcreleri b\u00f6yledir” ifadesi, \u00e2det g\u00f6rmemi\u015f k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n da evlendirilebilece\u011fine delil say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bazen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki k\u0131z\u0131 evlendirmek bir maslahata binaen yap\u0131l\u0131r. Baba, uygun talibi ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, bir daha \u00f6yle bir kimseyi bulmayabilir endi\u015fesiyle k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 evlendirmesi, maslahata uygun bulunmaktad\u0131r. Maslahat ise, \u015fer’\u00ee bir delildir.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Bak: V. Zuhayl\u00ee, el-F\u0131khu’l-\u0130slam\u00ee, 7\/179-180)<\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/em>\u0130ddialar\u0131 temelden yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, \u0130slam’a ve f\u0131trata ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nce Talak Suresi 4. ayetindeki <\/span><\/strong>“Vellai lem yehidne” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>ifadesinin, <\/span><\/strong>“(bo\u015fanan) kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e2detten kesilmelerinin iddet s\u00fcreleri 3 ayd\u0131r” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>h\u00fckm\u00fcne ba\u011flan\u0131p, <\/span><\/strong>“Hen\u00fcz <\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00e2det <\/span><\/em><\/strong>g\u00f6rmeyen (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131n da iddetleri) b\u00f6yledir” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>diye mana verilip terc\u00fcmesini yapmak; bunu da hen\u00fcz bulu\u011fa ermemi\u015f k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n evlenebilece\u011fine delil saymak, a\u00e7\u0131k bir yan\u0131lg\u0131d\u0131r, kas\u0131tl\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rsa vahim bir hata ve sapt\u0131rmacad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayetin bu k\u0131sm\u0131nda, <\/span><\/strong>“Hen\u00fcz <\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00e2det <\/span><\/em><\/strong>g\u00f6rmeyen (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131) de\u011fil, evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na geldi\u011fi halde baz\u0131 t\u0131bbi nedenler veya f\u0131tri (do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen) engellerle <\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00e2det <\/span><\/em><\/strong>g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki ayetin asl\u0131nda, <\/span><\/strong>“hen\u00fcz” <\/span><\/strong>kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kelime kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Talak 4. ayetin do\u011fru ve uygun meali \u015f\u00f6yle olmal\u0131d\u0131r: <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“(Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k sebebiyle) Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131zdan art\u0131k adetten kesilmi\u015f (menopoza girmi\u015f veya ameliyatla ayba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fini yitirmi\u015f) bulunanlarla; (ve yine evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na geldi\u011fi halde t\u0131bbi nedenler ve f\u0131tri -do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen- baz\u0131 engellerle) adet g\u00f6rmemi\u015f olanlar\u0131n iddet (bekleme s\u00fcre)leri ise -e\u011fer \u015f\u00fcpheye d\u00fc\u015fecek olursan\u0131z- (biliniz ki) \u00fc\u00e7 ayd\u0131r. Hamile kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bekleme s\u00fcresi ise, y\u00fcklerini b\u0131rakmalar\u0131 (do\u011fum yapmalar\u0131 ile sona ula\u015f\u0131r). <\/span><\/em><\/strong>Kim Allah’tan korkup (haks\u0131zl\u0131k ve hay\u00e2s\u0131zl\u0131ktan) sak\u0131n\u0131rsa (Allah) ona (her) i\u015finde bir kolayl\u0131k k\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <\/span><\/em><\/strong>[Not: Nisa Suresi 6. ayeti; k\u0131zlar i\u00e7in “nik\u00e2h-evlenme” \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n; “b\u00fclu\u011fa-ergenli\u011fe” eri\u015fmeleri \u015fart\u0131ndan \u00f6te; r\u00fc\u015fd’e, yani akli ve bedeni olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131n\u0131 da \u015fart ko\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7ocuk evlilikleri \u0130slam’a da insanl\u0131k f\u0131trat\u0131na da ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Hz. Peygamberimizden sonra ka\u00e7 y\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda bu d\u00fcnyadan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihi belgelerle hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Aiy\u015fe validemizin Aleyhissalat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimizle 18 (on sekiz) ya\u015f\u0131nda evlendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sa\u011flam kaynaklara g\u00f6re Hz. Fat\u0131ma ile ayn\u0131 y\u0131lda (M.605) do\u011fmu\u015flard\u0131r.]<\/span><\/strong>” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Talak: 4)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kald\u0131 ki Nisa Suresi 6. ayeti; k\u0131zlar i\u00e7in “nik\u00e2h-evlenme” \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, “bulu\u011fa-erginli\u011fe” eri\u015fmekten \u00f6te; R\u00fc\u015fd’e, yani akli ve bedeni yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe de ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7ocuk evlilikleri \u0130slam’a da insanl\u0131k f\u0131trat\u0131na da ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Hz. Peygamberimizden sonra ka\u00e7 y\u0131l ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda bu d\u00fcnyadan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihi belgelerle hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Ai\u015fe validemizin Aleyhisselat\u00fc Vesselam Efendimizle 18 (on sekiz) ya\u015f\u0131nda evlendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sa\u011flam kaynaklara g\u00f6re, Hz. Fat\u0131ma ile ayn\u0131 y\u0131lda (M. 605) do\u011fmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evet, Nisa Suresi 6. ayetinde: k\u0131zlar i\u00e7in nik\u00e2h=evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, <\/span><\/strong>bulu\u011fa-erginli\u011fe eri\u015fmeleri <\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u015fart\u0131ndan \u00f6te, <\/span><\/strong>R\u00dc\u015eD<\/span><\/strong>’e yani akli ve bedeni olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131n\u0131 da \u015fart ko\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7ocuk evlili\u011fi, \u0130slam’a da insan f\u0131trat\u0131na da ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.[1]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Yetimleri, nik\u00e2ha eri\u015fecekleri b\u00fclu\u011f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na kadar (bekleyip-e\u011fitip) deneyin; \u015fayet kendilerinde bir ‘r\u00fc\u015fd’ (fiziki ve akli olgunla\u015fma) g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc, hemen onlara mallar\u0131n\u0131 (geri) verin. (R\u00fc\u015fde, yani bedeni ve beyni yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe eri\u015fmemi\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki k\u0131z ve erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n evlendirilmesi caiz ve m\u00fcnasip de\u011fildir. Emanet ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z mallar\u0131n\u0131) B\u00fcy\u00fcyecekler (ve geri isteyecekler) diye israf ile \u00e7ar\u00e7abuk yemeyin. (Yetim mallar\u0131 konusunda) Zengin olan iffetli ve m\u00fcsta\u011fni olmaya (hak yemekten sak\u0131nmaya) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, yoksul olan da art\u0131k ma’ruf (ihtiyaca ve \u00f6rfe uygun) bir \u015fekilde yiyip harcas\u0131n. Mallar\u0131n\u0131 kendilerine (yetimlere geri) verdi\u011finiz zaman, onlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fahit bulundurun. Hesap g\u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fc olarak Allah yeterlidir.<\/span><\/em><\/strong>”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> (Nisa: 6)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn I\u015e\u0130D (DAE\u015e) denen fesat ve tahribat \u015febekesinin fiili arkac\u0131lar\u0131 ve k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Amerika ve Avrupa ise, fikri dayanaklar\u0131 da bu t\u00fcr fasit fetvalar ve kitaplard\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130slam \u00e2limlerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, erginlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti, kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in \u00e2<\/span><\/strong>det g\u00f6rmek<\/span><\/strong>, erkekler i\u00e7in de <\/span><\/strong>ihtilamd\u0131r<\/span><\/strong>. Kad\u0131n i\u00e7in \u00e2detin en erken ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 dokuz ya\u015f (erkekler i\u00e7in on iki ya\u015f) civar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu duruma girmi\u015f kad\u0131n ve erkekler, ergin ve m\u00fckellef say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu haller g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi takdirde, erginlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 on be\u015f ya\u015f olarak saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (bk. Reddu’l-muhtar, 1\/306-307; Cezer\u00ee, el-F\u0131khu ala’l-mezahibi’l-arbaa) Oysa ya\u015f itibariyle erginlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in <\/span><\/strong>on yedi<\/span><\/strong>, erkekler i\u00e7in <\/span><\/strong>on sekiz – on dokuz<\/span><\/strong> ya\u015flar\u0131 kabul eden \u00e2limler de vard\u0131r. (bk. Mebsut, 7\/260-\u015famile) Kald\u0131 ki, \u00e2det ba\u015flamas\u0131 farkl\u0131, evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fartlar\u0131 ise ayr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin evlenme ya\u015f\u0131 ve tarihi ger\u00e7eklerin \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe’den aktar\u0131lan: <\/span><\/strong>“Ben alt\u0131 -bir rivayette yedi- ya\u015f\u0131nda iken, Hz. Peygamber (SAV) benimle evlendi, dokuz ya\u015f\u0131nda da benimle birlikte oldu”[2]<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0haberi, do\u011fru anla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ve uygun yorumlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u00d6nce Araplarda, k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, \u00e2det g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonraki ya\u015flar\u0131 ile tan\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.[3]\u00a0Bu nedenle rivayetlerde ge\u00e7en bilgileri, buna g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirmek laz\u0131md\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin on yedi-on sekiz ya\u015flar\u0131ndayken evlendi\u011fini g\u00f6steren ba\u015fka sa\u011flam bilgiler de vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2- <\/span><\/strong>“Dininizin \u00fc\u00e7te birini Ai\u015fe’den al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(<\/span><\/strong>Mebsut, 5\/493) manas\u0131na gelen Hadis-i \u015eerifin i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, \u0130slam dininin \u00fc\u00e7te birini \u00fcmmete \u00f6\u011fretecek bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin, uzun bir s\u00fcre Hz. Peygamber’e (SAV) \u00f6\u011frencilik yapmas\u0131 ve arkada\u015fl\u0131k kurmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frendiklerini \u00fcmmetin kad\u0131nlar\u0131na ve erkeklerine aktarmas\u0131 i\u00e7in; Nisa: 6. ayetinde buyurdu\u011fu ve \u015fart ko\u015fuldu\u011fu gibi, hem beden hem beyin geli\u015fimi olarak 9 (dokuz)’dan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ya\u015fa ve “R\u00fc\u015fd” olgunlu\u011funa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe validemizin evlilik ya\u015f\u0131 ile ilgili olarak farkl\u0131 ki\u015fi ve kaynaklardan birbirine ayk\u0131r\u0131 ifadeler yer almaktad\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber Efendimizin k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131ma ve Ai\u015fe’nin k\u0131z karde\u015fi Esma’ya ait rivayetler \u00fczerinden, Ai\u015fe’nin do\u011fumu ve evlilik ya\u015f\u0131 ile ilgili farkl\u0131 rakamlar, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Titiz ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucu bizim kanaatimiz, Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin evlilik ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 18’den fazla olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerin ve bibliyograflar\u0131n tespitine g\u00f6re, Hz. Ai\u015fe, Peygamberimizin k\u0131z\u0131 Hz. Fat\u0131ma ile ya\u015f\u0131tt\u0131r. Hz. Fat\u0131ma ise, N\u00fcb\u00fcvvetten 5 y\u0131l \u00f6nce do\u011fmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hz. Muhammed (SAV) Peygamber olduktan itibaren 13 y\u0131l Mekke’de kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peygamber hicret etti\u011fi zaman, Hz. Ai\u015fe 18 ya\u015f\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Peygamber Medine’ye g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fckten iki y\u0131l sonra Ai\u015fe ile evlendi\u011fine g\u00f6re, (el-\u0130s\u00e2be: 4\/359) demek ki evlendi\u011fi zaman Hz. Ai\u015fe en az 19’u a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Hz. Ai\u015fe, Peygamber’le ni\u015fanlanmadan \u00f6nce, C\u00fcbeyr ibn Mut‘im’e ni\u015fanlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu da onun; Peygamber, kendisini istemeden \u00f6nce evlenecek ya\u015fta oldu\u011funun ba\u015fka bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ya\u015f da herh\u00e2lde dokuz ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazlad\u0131r. Hatta S\u00fcleyman Ate\u015f’e g\u00f6re; demek ki Peygamber istedi\u011fi zaman Hz. Ai\u015fe, en az\u0131ndan evlenecek \u00e7a\u011f olan 15 ya\u015flar\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe validemizin evlilik ya\u015f\u0131 ile ilgili ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerden birisi de, o d\u00f6nemde k\u0131zlar\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131ktan itibaren say\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re rivayetlerde belirtilen 6 ve 9 ya\u015f Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin \u00e2det g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonraki y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 yani 16 ile 19 ya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130slam d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131, en son olarak Talak Suresi 4. ayetteki <\/span><\/strong>“hi\u00e7 ay hali g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>kelimesinin, <\/span><\/strong>“k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar oldu\u011fu”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131na kap\u0131lanlar\u0131n iddialar\u0131 istikametinde, \u0130slam’da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki k\u0131zlarla evlili\u011fe izin verildi\u011fini san\u0131p sald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Oysa; <\/span><\/strong>“Ay hali g\u00f6rmekten kesilen ve hi\u00e7 ay hali g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131za gelince, onlar\u0131n iddeti, \u00fc\u00e7 (takvim) ay\u0131 olacakt\u0131r; hamile olanlar\u0131n iddetleri ise, do\u011fum yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda sona erecektir” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Talak: 4) ayetini do\u011fru anlamak laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc evli kad\u0131nlar bo\u015fanma a\u015famas\u0131na gelince, stres-gerginlikten de \u00e2detten kesilmeleri olas\u0131d\u0131r. O zaman ne yapacak iki taraf. Kad\u0131n psikolojisinin normalle\u015fip, sonra 3 ay ge\u00e7mesini mi bekleyip duracakt\u0131r? \u0130\u015fte Allah burada konuya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getiriyor: T\u0131pk\u0131 \u00e2detten kesilen ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131n veya hamile kad\u0131nlar gibi, art\u0131k \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeyen bu t\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve yine t\u0131bbi nedenler ve f\u0131tri (do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen) engellerle \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n da iddeti 3 ayd\u0131r. Konu bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca ayet, 3 t\u00fcr kad\u0131ndan bahsediyor; 1- \u00c2detten kesilen ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar, 2- Hi\u00e7 \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar, 3- Hasta ve hamile olan kad\u0131nlar. S\u0131ralamaya bak\u0131nca her kad\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde olabilece\u011fi 3 d\u00f6nem ve her d\u00f6nemdeki kad\u0131nlar da “yeti\u015fkin” konumundad\u0131r. Bu gayet do\u011fal s\u0131ralama yerine, ya\u015fl\u0131 ile hamile kad\u0131n aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta \u00e7ocuk k\u0131zlar eklenebiliyor, hayret etmemek imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. Zaten bu t\u00fcr iftiray\u0131 yapanlar da: <\/span><\/strong>“Kur’an k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ocuklarla evlenmeyi te\u015fvik ediyor diyemesek de…” <\/span><\/strong>diyerek Kur’an’dan ba\u015fka yorumlar\u0131 esas alarak bu t\u00fcr iddialarda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Muhammed Esed,<\/span> <\/span><\/strong>yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Tefsirul Mesaj” adl\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc eserinde <\/span><\/strong>hi\u00e7 ay hali g\u00f6rmeyenden <\/span><\/strong>kas\u0131t olarak; <\/span><\/strong>“yani, herhangi bir fizyolojik sebepten dolay\u0131 hi\u00e7 ay hali g\u00f6rmeyen”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve yine Milli Gazete yazar\u0131 <\/span><\/strong>Mahmut Topta\u015f <\/span><\/strong>da; “\u015eifa Tefsiri” adl\u0131 eserinde bu ayetin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 bahsetmeyip, <\/span><\/strong>“ayba\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6rmeyen kad\u0131nlar” <\/span><\/strong>ifadesini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc tefsir \u00e2limi <\/span><\/strong>Elmal\u0131l\u0131 Hamdi Yaz\u0131r<\/span><\/strong>, “Hak Dini Kur’an Dili” adl\u0131 tefsirinde, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zdan kas\u0131t olarak ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 17 ya\u015f olarak vermekte ve: <\/span><\/strong>“Gerek on yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup, hen\u00fcz bulu\u011fa ermemi\u015f olduklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 hay\u0131z g\u00f6rmemi\u015f olanlar\u0131 ve gerek bulu\u011f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olan on yedi ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f, binaenaleyh ya\u015f itibariyle bulu\u011fa ermi\u015f olduklar\u0131 halde \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeyenleri kapsamaktad\u0131r”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> tespitini yapmaktad\u0131r. Me\u015fhur Mebsut, 7\/260- \u015famile ayn\u0131 kanaatler yaz\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Prof. Dr. Hamdi D\u00f6nd\u00fcren, “\u0130slam ilmihali” adl\u0131 eserinde, bu ya\u015f\u0131 18 olarak saptam\u0131\u015f ve bu ya\u015fta h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e2det g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flamayanlar\u0131n, \u00e2det g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f gibi kabul edilece\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaten \u00e2det g\u00f6rmemek demek, hamile kalamamak anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yani cinsel birle\u015fmede kad\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir sorun ya\u015fanmayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130bn \u015e\u00fcbr\u00fcme <\/span><\/strong>(\u00f6.144\/761) <\/span><\/strong>Osman el-Bett\u00ee <\/span><\/strong>(\u00f6.143\/760) gibi m\u00fc\u00e7tehitler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin bizzat evlenmelerinin de, velileri taraf\u0131ndan evlendirilmelerinin de caiz ve muteber olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatini payla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>“Yetimleri nik\u00e2h \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na kadar deneyin…”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> (Nisa: 6) mealindeki ayet, evlenme ehliyetini belli bir \u00e7a\u011fa ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ki\u015filerin bizzat evlenme akdini yapmalar\u0131n\u0131n muteber oldu\u011fu \u00e7a\u011f, evlenme r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcne erdikleri \u00e7a\u011fd\u0131r. Aile kanunu \u0130slami esaslara dayal\u0131 bulunan Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n son zaman\u0131nda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin evlenmeleri ve velileri taraf\u0131ndan zorla evlendirilmeleri yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1917 tarihli Aile Kararnamesi (A.K.) ikinci i\u00e7tihad\u0131 kanunla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f (md. 6) ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin evlendirilmelerinin cevaz\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca insanl\u0131k \u00e2leminde -\u015feytan\u0131 kendine ilah edinen- sap\u0131klar hari\u00e7, <\/span><\/strong>\u00e7ocuk ya\u015ftaki k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fehev\u00ee duygular\u0131n kabarmamas\u0131,<\/span><\/em><\/strong> Allah’\u0131n insanlar\u0131n vicdanlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi f\u0131tr\u00ee bir tav\u0131r ve uyar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi insana yerle\u015ftiren yarat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, Kur’an’da b\u00f6yle \u015feylere izin vermeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Velhas\u0131l Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de, evlilik i\u00e7in “Bulu\u011f + R\u00fc\u015fd” \u015fart ko\u015fulmaktad\u0131r. Mesela 13 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortalama bulu\u011f ya\u015f\u0131 kabul etsek, bir k\u0131z\u0131m\u0131z 4-5 sene ge\u00e7ti\u011fi halde h\u00e2l\u00e2 hay\u0131z g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f ama “r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fc” ispat etmi\u015f ise, en az 18 ve sonras\u0131 ya\u015flarda evlilik y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131maya haz\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nisa Suresi 6. ayetinde: <\/span><\/strong>“Sorumlulu\u011funuz alt\u0131ndaki yetimleri evlenebilecekleri ya\u015fa gelinceye kadar deneyin; sonra aklen olgunla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tespit ederseniz -R\u00fc\u015ft- mallar\u0131n\u0131 onlara iade edin; (sak\u0131n,) onlar b\u00fcy\u00fcmeden \u00f6nce, aceleyle ve m\u00fcsrif\u00e7e harcayarak mallar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketmeyin”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> buyrulmaktad\u0131r. Evet, Kur’an yetimlere ancak ak\u0131l bali\u011f olduktan sonra, bir de ayr\u0131ca <\/span><\/strong>r\u00fc\u015ftlerini ispat ettikleri olgunlukta <\/span><\/strong>onlara mallar\u0131n\u0131 vermemizi hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r. Bulu\u011f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na girmeyi yeterli g\u00f6rmeyen \u0130slam, aklen ve bedenen olgunla\u015f\u0131p, r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fc ispat etmeyi de \u00f6n \u015fart olarak ko\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evlenme karar\u0131nda, <\/span><\/strong>“Dul kendine velisinden daha ziyade maliktir, bek\u00e2r\u0131n ise r\u0131zas\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Nik\u00e2h, 41; Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, (Avnu’l-Ma’b\u00fbd, II, 197) kural\u0131 esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

Ensar’dan Hidame’nin k\u0131z\u0131 Hansa, Hz. Ai\u015fe’nin huzuruna gelip \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>“Babam itibar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, beni karde\u015finin o\u011flu ile evlendiriyor. Ben ise istemiyorum.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> deyince Hz. Ai\u015fe, “Resul\u00fcllah (SAV) gelinceye kadar bekle”<\/em> diye oturtup Resul\u00fbllah (SAV) te\u015frif edince, Hz. Ai\u015fe durumu O’na anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Resul\u00fcllah (SAV) hemen k\u0131z\u0131n babas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rtm\u0131\u015f ve evlenme yetkisini k\u0131za verdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine Hansa, Resul\u00fcllah’a (SAV) \u015fu itiraflarda bulunmu\u015flar ve: “Ya Resul\u00fcllah! Ben babam\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu nik\u00e2h\u0131 kabul ediyorum, ancak babalar\u0131n, k\u0131zlar\u0131na evlilikte b\u00f6yle yetkisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmek istedim.”<\/em> (Nese\u00ee, Nik\u00e2h: 36) deyince mesele karara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe’ye g\u00f6re; bul\u00fb\u011f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na gelmi\u015f bir k\u0131z\u0131, hi\u00e7bir kimse zorla evlendirmeye kalk\u0131\u015famayacakt\u0131r. \u0130mam-\u0131 Azam’a g\u00f6re: K\u0131z\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 al\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lan evlendirmeler h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Resul\u00fcllah (SAV): <\/span><\/strong>“A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a izin al\u0131nmadan dul kad\u0131nlar, r\u0131zalar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmadan ise bek\u00e2r k\u0131zlar evlendirilemez” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>buyurmu\u015f,<\/span><\/strong> “Onun r\u0131zas\u0131 nas\u0131l anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r?” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>sorusunu da <\/span><\/strong>“s\u00fck\u00fbtu ile”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> cevaplam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Nik\u00e2h, 40) \u0130mam Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe ve Eb\u00fb Y\u00fbsuf’a g\u00f6re bul\u00fb\u011f ve r\u00fc\u015ft \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki bir k\u0131z, velisinden izin almadan ve bizzat irade beyan\u0131 ile evlenebilir durumdad\u0131r. Bunu engelleyen bir delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ehliyet mefhumu da bunu gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r; mal\u0131 \u00fczerinde serbest\u00e7e tasarruf hakk\u0131 bulunan \u015fahs\u0131n, kendisi \u00fczerinde de tasarruf hakk\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. \u0130mam M\u00e2lik ve \u0130mam \u015eafi\u00ee’ye g\u00f6re bul\u00fb\u011f ve r\u00fc\u015ft \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na gelmi\u015f de olsa k\u0131z ve kad\u0131nlar, velilerinin izni olmadan ve bizzat irade beyanlar\u0131yla evlenmeleri sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r, bundan dolay\u0131 en iyisi, iki taraf\u0131n da -K\u0131z ve velinin- g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve yine k\u0131z veya erkek, \u00f6l\u00fcm, \u015fiddetli dayak veya uzun m\u00fcddet hapis tehdidiyle nik\u00e2h akdine zorlan\u0131rlarsa, yap\u0131lan evlenme akdi fasit say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Resul\u00fcllah <\/strong>(SAV) bu hususta \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r: “Cenab-\u0131 Hak, hata, unutma ve zorlanma ile yap\u0131lan amellerden dolay\u0131 \u00fcmmetimi, Benim i\u00e7in affetti.”<\/em><\/strong> (\u0130bni M\u00e2ce, Tal\u00e2k: 16)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle: Talak Suresi 4. ayetine ister k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z anlam\u0131 verilsin, ister belirli bir fizyolojik neden kastedilsin, Kur’an k\u0131zlar\u0131n -ve erkeklerin- evlilik i\u00e7in “bulu\u011f ve r\u00fc\u015ft” \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 aramaktad\u0131r. \u00d6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 ve k\u00f6t\u00fc kas\u0131tl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n \u00e7amur atma gayretleri, sadece kendi k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri i\u00e7inde at g\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile olaylar\u0131 yorumlama \u00e7abalar\u0131d\u0131r. “\u0130slam \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015feyi en iyi bilen ve adaletle h\u00fckmeden Allah’\u0131n kanun ve kurallar\u0131d\u0131r”<\/em>, bundan gerisi sadece laf\u0131 g\u00fczaft\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n evlendirilmeleri Dinen ve vicdanen yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve yasakt\u0131r. Evlenme i\u00e7in bulu\u011f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fmak yeterli say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, “re\u015fit olmak”<\/em> \u015fart\u0131 da aranm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. R\u00fc\u015ft ya\u015f\u0131 ise; b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011finden farkl\u0131 ya\u015f uygulamalar\u0131 olsa da, on sekiz ve alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n re\u015fit olmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

E. Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mehmet G\u00f6rmez: <\/span><\/strong>“\u00c7ocuklara y\u00f6nelik istismar vurgusu yaparak, aylard\u0131r bu \u00fclkede \u00e7ocuk istismar\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015fmaktay\u0131z ve bu hepimizi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan utand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ocuk istismar\u0131 \u00f6yle bir azg\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r ki, e\u011fer bug\u00fcn k\u0131yamet kopacaksa yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde, \u00e7ocuklara kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen istismar su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 k\u0131yamet kopacakt\u0131r”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Aile haftas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla (14 May\u0131s 2016) Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na ba\u011fl\u0131 Din Hizmetleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’n\u00fcn organize etti\u011fi, “Mahremiyet Ba\u011flam\u0131nda Sosyal Medya ve Aile” forumu, E. Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mehmet G\u00f6rmez’in a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/span><\/strong>Sn. Mehmet G\u00f6rmez’in bu vesileyle tam da yeri gelmi\u015fken: <\/span><\/strong>“Yanl\u0131\u015f Kur’an ve S\u00fcnnet te’villeriyle ve hele gelenek-g\u00f6renek t\u00f6releriyle, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftaki k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n evlendirilmeleri sonucu olu\u015fan sosyal tahribatlara ve ruhsal travmalara da ke\u015fke de\u011finseydi!”<\/span><\/em><\/strong> temennimizi de aktarm\u0131\u015f olal\u0131m.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuk evliliklerinin tan\u0131m\u0131 ve tahribatlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuk ya\u015fta evlili\u011fi tan\u0131mlayabilmek i\u00e7in, \u00f6ncelikli olarak \u00e7ocu\u011fun kim oldu\u011funa bakmak laz\u0131md\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’nin de taraf oldu\u011fu “\u00c7ocuk Haklar\u0131na Dair S\u00f6zle\u015fme”ye g\u00f6re; (18) ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki herkes (bebek, \u00e7ocuk, \u00f6n ergenlik ve ergenlik d\u00f6nemindeki ki\u015filer) \u00e7ocuk olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Hatta AKP H\u00fck\u00fcmetince (3 Temmuz 2005) tarihinde kabul edilen “\u00c7ocuk Koruma Kanunu”na g\u00f6re ise, “daha erken ya\u015fta ergin olsa bile, on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f ki\u015filer” <\/em>\u00e7ocuk say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buradan hareketle 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan evlilikler “\u00e7ocuk evlilikleri” ve on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce evlenen k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ise “\u00e7ocuk gelin” olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Erken ya\u015f evlilikleri, evlendirilen bireyden ba\u015flayarak domino etkisiyle t\u00fcm toplumda olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furmaktad\u0131r. Fiziksel ve ruhsal geli\u015fimini tamamlamadan evlendirilen k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131; e\u011fitimsizlik, yoksulluk, cahillik ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k tuza\u011f\u0131na at\u0131lmakta, fiziksel, duygusal ve cinsel \u015fiddete maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erken ya\u015f evliliklerinin getirdi\u011fi bir di\u011fer olumsuzluk ise, erken ya\u015f gebelik ve do\u011fum ile birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan anne ve bebek \u00f6l\u00fcmlerindeki art\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konuyla ilgili yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, erken ya\u015f gebeliklerinde, gebelik ve do\u011fuma ba\u011fl\u0131 anne \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin 4 kat fazla oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu’nda evlilik i\u00e7in ya\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 on yedi olarak belirlenmi\u015f, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ko\u015fullarda ise h\u00e2kim onay\u0131yla on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131nda da evlili\u011fin yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nda yer alan “on be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fuyla evlenen ki\u015finin, \u015fik\u00e2yet \u00fczerine, alt\u0131 aydan, iki y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131” <\/em>h\u00fckm\u00fcyle ise, evlilik ya\u015f\u0131 z\u0131mni olarak on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131nda tutulmaktad\u0131r. Yine T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n cinsel istismar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lar a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131rken, “\u00e7ocuk” on be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamam\u0131\u015f birey olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir bireyin soyut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi de kapsayacak \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilmesi, karar verebilmesi ve sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenerek ya\u015fayabilmesi i\u00e7in bedensel, ruhsal ve zihinsel olarak belirli bir olgunlu\u011fa gelmesi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu da fizyolojik olarak on sekiz ya\u015f\u0131na kadar devam eden bir s\u00fcreci kapsamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde ergenli\u011fin \u00f6zel bir yeri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ergenlik d\u00f6neminde ilk olarak fiziksel geli\u015fme ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, daha sonra psikolojik ve toplumsal olgunla\u015fma olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ergenlerin fiziksel geli\u015fmelerinin daha erken ya\u015flarda tamamlanmas\u0131na, ko\u015fut olarak \u00fcreme yeteneklerinin de giderek daha erken ya\u015flarda kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lan evlilikler de a\u00e7\u0131k ve ac\u0131mas\u0131z bir istismard\u0131r. Ruhsal ve fiziksel geli\u015fimini tamamlamadan yap\u0131lan bu evliliklerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00e7ocu\u011fun bilin\u00e7li r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ‘erken ve zorla yap\u0131lan evlilikler’ olarak da tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na nazaran \u00e7ok daha erken ya\u015fta evlendirildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, bu durumda k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha ciddi sorunlar ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Bu da erken evlilikler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n, daha fazla k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Evlenen k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fun ruhsal ve bedensel geli\u015fmeleri olumsuz etkilenmekte ve b\u00fcy\u00fck tahribatlara yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Erken evlilik yapan \u00e7ocuk, asl\u0131nda hen\u00fcz psiko-sosyal b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmesini tamamlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geli\u015fme d\u00f6neminde olan bir \u00e7ocuk, evlilik ile a\u011f\u0131r bir y\u00fck alt\u0131na sokulmaktad\u0131r. \u0130yi bir gelin ve anne olmas\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131ramayan k\u0131zlarda, psikolojik sorunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, depresyon ve intiharlara bile rastlanmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011furganl\u0131k \u00fczerine etkileri ise evlilik sonras\u0131 ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok \u00fcreme ve cinsel sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu ile ilgili farkl\u0131 sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta ve erken ya\u015fta do\u011furganl\u0131k da ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n fizyolojik \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 cinsel yolla bula\u015fan enfeksiyonlara yakalanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artmakta ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozulmaktad\u0131r. Gebelik ve do\u011fum her ya\u015f grubunda riskli iken, \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde bu risk olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r, hem kad\u0131n\u0131n hem de do\u011facak bebe\u011finin \u00f6l\u00fcm riski artmaktad\u0131r. Fizyolojik geli\u015fimi tam olmayan kad\u0131n, do\u011fumun da zorlukla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine ve daha fazla sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu ya\u015fanmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuk evlilikleri, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 aile ve arkada\u015flardan ay\u0131rmakta, ev i\u00e7i \u015fiddete maruz b\u0131rakmakta, geli\u015fimlerini ve e\u011fitimsel, sosyal ve mesleki alanda sahip olduklar\u0131 olanaklar\u0131 tehlikeye atmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ocukluk haklar\u0131 ellerinden al\u0131nan gelinlerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n ileriki d\u00f6nemleri de, \u00e7e\u015fitli olumsuzluklarla kararmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan dolay\u0131 \u00e7ocuk evliliklerini, \u00e7ocuk istismar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocu\u011fun cinsel istismar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmek laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta evlilikler, \u00e7ocuk ve insan haklar\u0131 ihlali kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u0130hlal edilen \u00e7ocu\u011fun bedensel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ruhsal ve duygusal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130hlal edilen temel haklar\u0131 ise sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve ya\u015fam hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Erken evlendirilen \u00e7ocuklar, \u00fcstlendikleri sorumluluklarla birlikte psikolojik bir\u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, fizyolojik sorunlarla da ba\u015f etmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Ve zaten \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta “r\u0131za” kavram\u0131 hukuken var olamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00e7ocuk evlilikleri “zorla-zoraki” evlilikler say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve i\u015fte b\u00f6yle bir zorbal\u0131\u011fa Ayet ve Hadislerden k\u0131l\u0131f uydurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, hem \u0130slam’a iftirad\u0131r, hem de din d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a koz sunmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Fat\u0131ma’n\u0131n Hayat\u0131 ve Vefat\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda Hz. Fat\u0131ma ile Hz. Aiy\u015fe Validemiz ayn\u0131 y\u0131lda do\u011fmu\u015flard\u0131r ve ya\u015f\u0131tlard\u0131r. Hz. Aiy\u015fe Validemizin do\u011fum tarihini miladi 614 diye verenlerin yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131 O’nun Miladi 13 Tem. 678 (Hicri: 58) y\u0131l\u0131ndaki vefat tarihiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Zira bu iki tarih aras\u0131, O’nun bilinen ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle Hz. Aiy\u015fe ve Hz. Fat\u0131ma’n\u0131n do\u011fru do\u011fum tarihleri Miladi 605 y\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6yle olunca evlendiklerinde 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/strong>(Bak: Ashab-\u0131 Kiram’\u0131n Me\u015fhurlar\u0131. Hayati \u00dclk\u00fc, Sebat Ne\u015friyat Sh: 191 Ayr\u0131ca: Mevlana \u015eibli, Asr\u0131 Saadet, C.2 Sh: 147-151)<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Fat\u0131ma, Medine \u0130slam Devleti’nin temel s\u00fctunlar\u0131ndand\u0131. Hz. Peygamber’in narin, nazenin k\u0131z\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n 4. halifesi olan Hz. Ali’nin han\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131. Kerbela’da zulme ba\u015f e\u011fmeyip sonuna kadar direnen ve \u015fehadete ula\u015fan cennet gen\u00e7lerinin efendisi olan Hz. H\u00fcseyin’in ve zehirlenerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Hz. Hasan’\u0131n analar\u0131yd\u0131. K\u0131z\u0131 Hz. Zeynep ise zalimlerin y\u00fcz\u00fcne hakikati en net ve sert bi\u00e7imde hayk\u0131racak kadar y\u00fcksek ve \u00f6rnek bir yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015ftayd\u0131. Evet m\u00fctevaz\u0131 hayat\u0131, sayg\u0131n yeri, etkinli\u011fi, hik\u00e2yesi, b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tesir ve olu\u015fturdu\u011fu manevi miras itibar\u0131yla -e\u011fer tabir uygun d\u00fc\u015fecekse- Medine’nin en sayg\u0131n Han\u0131mefendisi herhalde Hz. Peygamberin k\u0131z\u0131 Hz. Fat\u0131ma’yd\u0131.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n diri diri g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc co\u011frafyada Hz. Peygamber’in n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetinden hemen sonra do\u011fan Hz. Fat\u0131ma babas\u0131n\u0131n en yak\u0131n\u0131yd\u0131. Zira Peygamberimizin di\u011fer k\u0131zlar\u0131 Zeynep 30 ya\u015f\u0131nda, Rukiye 21 ya\u015f\u0131nda, \u00dcmm\u00fc G\u00fcls\u00fcm ise 26 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat edip bu d\u00fcnyadan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Resul\u00fcllah\u0131’n ilgi ve sevgi oda\u011f\u0131 Hz. Fat\u0131ma’da yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zaten Hz. Peygamber’imizin o\u011fullar\u0131ndan Kas\u0131m 2, Abdullah ise 3 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat buyurmu\u015flard\u0131. Bundan dolay\u0131 olsa gerek Hz. Peygamber i\u00e7in Fat\u0131ma, hem anne, hem evlat, hem dert orta\u011f\u0131, hem torunlar\u0131n\u0131n annesi ve hem de Medine’nin \u00e7ileke\u015f kad\u0131n\u0131yd\u0131. O, en zor g\u00fcnleri Muhterem Babas\u0131yla birlikte ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mekke’de -K\u00e2be’de- Peygamberimizin \u00fczerine devenin i\u015fkembesini koyarak eziyet ve alay ettikleri o \u00e7etin g\u00fcnde, babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindekileri narin elleriyle ve a\u011flayarak savuracakt\u0131. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah’\u0131n Resul\u00fc O’na <\/span><\/strong>“Babas\u0131n\u0131n anas\u0131” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>diye hitap buyururlard\u0131. Hatta baz\u0131 alimler Kevser Suresi’nde an\u0131lan “Kevser”i Hz. Fat\u0131ma olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. O i\u00e7eri girerken Hz. Peygamber aya\u011fa kalkar ve onu ayakta kar\u015f\u0131lard\u0131. Bir seferinde <\/span><\/strong>“Baban sana feda olsun”<\/span><\/em><\/strong>,<\/span><\/strong> ba\u015fka bir seferinde de <\/span><\/strong>“O, benden bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r. O’nu \u00fczen beni \u00fczm\u00fc\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. O, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ulusudur” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>diyerek sevgi boyutunu anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Medine’nin bu \u00e7ileke\u015f m\u00fc’mine ve m\u00fccahide han\u0131mefendisinin kendi halinde bir hayat\u0131 vard\u0131. M\u00fctevaziydi. \u00c7o\u011fu kez evinde s\u0131cak yemek bulamazd\u0131. Hi\u00e7 hizmet\u00e7isi olmad\u0131. S\u0131rt\u0131nda su ta\u015f\u0131r, eliyle bu\u011fday \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcr, ekmek yapar, oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yakard\u0131.. O, Hz. Ali ile ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi asil ama bir o kadar m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olan hayat\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131rken i\u00e7 burkacak \u015fu c\u00fcmleleri kullan\u0131rd\u0131: <\/span><\/strong>“Bizim bir yorgan\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131. Uzunlamas\u0131na \u00fczerimize \u00f6rtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131rt\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Enlemesine \u00f6rtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde ayaklar\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bazen yeme\u011fe otururduk da, kap\u0131ya bir fakir gelirdi; yeme\u011fimizi ona verir, biz a\u00e7 yatard\u0131k.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber Efendimiz bu nurlu ve onurlu K\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n solgun y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde i\u00e7i daral\u0131r ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyururlard\u0131:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

“Ey Muhammed’in k\u0131z\u0131, halini biliyorum. Ama biz Muhammed ailesi b\u00f6yle olmak zorunday\u0131z. Bize temiz bir hayat yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r, bunun i\u00e7inde sadece a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bast\u0131racak kadar yemek yeterli olacakt\u0131r”<\/span><\/em><\/strong>Yani \u00f6nce <\/span><\/strong>“M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk\u0131n ya\u015fam d\u00fczeyini y\u00fckseltmemiz laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu olurken halk\u0131n en m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olan\u0131 gibi ya\u015famaya devam etmek zorunday\u0131z.” <\/span><\/strong>Bir seferinde kolunda ince bir bilezik g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Allah’\u0131n Resul\u00fc rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belli edecek, Hz. Fat\u0131ma da bilezikleri bozdurup fakirlere da\u011f\u0131tacakt\u0131r. Sanki Hz. Peygamber \u015funu hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f ve uyarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <\/span><\/strong>“Ey Medine’nin bir numaral\u0131 han\u0131mefendisi; sen halktan daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 ya\u015famal\u0131s\u0131n. Onlarda yoksa elindekini onlara da\u011f\u0131tmal\u0131s\u0131n!.”<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Ali ile olan evlili\u011finden Hz. Fat\u0131ma be\u015f \u00e7ocuk do\u011furmu\u015flard\u0131. Hz. Hasan, Hz. H\u00fcseyin, Muhsin, \u00dcmm\u00fc G\u00fcls\u00fcm ve Zeynep.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Derken ayr\u0131l\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fc gelip \u00e7atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Resul\u00fcllah D\u00fcnyadaki son g\u00fcnlerini ya\u015famaktad\u0131r ve Rafiki A’laya u\u011furlanma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r, Fat\u0131ma’s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Fat\u0131ma g\u00f6zleri ya\u015fl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde en sevdi\u011fine yakla\u015f\u0131r. Efendimiz Hz. Fat\u0131ma’n\u0131n kula\u011f\u0131na bir \u015feyler f\u0131s\u0131ldam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Fat\u0131ma aya\u011fa kalkacak, sendeleyip oturacak ve h\u00fcng\u00fcr h\u00fcng\u00fcr a\u011flamaya ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. \u00c7ok a\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren hasta Peygamber Fat\u0131ma’s\u0131n\u0131 bir daha yan\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve yine O’nun kula\u011f\u0131na bir \u015feyler f\u0131s\u0131ldam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Fat\u0131ma kalkar ama y\u00fcz\u00fc rahatt\u0131r art\u0131k. Zira Hz. Peygamber ilk seferinde <\/span><\/strong>“Baban art\u0131k Rabbine kavu\u015facak, bunlar \u00e7ekti\u011fi son s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olacakt\u0131r!” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>diye uyarm\u0131\u015flar, ama O’nun \u00e7ok sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce de <\/span><\/strong>“\u00dcz\u00fclme! Bana ehlimden ilk sen kavu\u015facaks\u0131n!” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>buyurmu\u015flard\u0131. Me\u011fer y\u00fcz\u00fcndeki tebess\u00fcm bundan oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resulullah’\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra Efendimizin g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc odas\u0131nda O’nu hi\u00e7 yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O art\u0131k her g\u00fcn babas\u0131yla konu\u015fur gibi mezar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. G\u00fcl y\u00fczl\u00fc Resul’den sonra, ay y\u00fczl\u00fc Fat\u0131ma h\u0131zla \u00e7\u00f6kmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ziyaretine gelenleriyle \u015f\u00f6yle dertle\u015fip uyarm\u0131\u015flard\u0131: <\/span><\/strong>“Zalimler yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde rahat\u00e7a geziniyorlar. Haklar gasp ediliyor, mazlumlar haklar\u0131n\u0131 alam\u0131yorlar. \u0130leride zor g\u00fcnler ya\u015fayacaks\u0131n\u0131z.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong>(Hz. Fat\u0131ma-t\u00fcz-Zehra’n\u0131n bu s\u00f6zlerinde; ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 mahrumiyete ve ma\u011fduriyete u\u011fratan y\u00f6netici ve yetkililere y\u00f6nelik bir sitem de vard\u0131r.)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Fat\u0131ma’n\u0131n son g\u00fcnleridir. Sevgili Babas\u0131na vuslat\u0131 yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O, Hz. Peygamber’e \u00e7ok benzeyen Medine’nin han\u0131mefendisi art\u0131k vuslat\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Babas\u0131na yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r \u015fekilde vakur, kararl\u0131, hikmet ve hakikat erbab\u0131 olarak devaml\u0131 ibadet, iyilik ve Dini tebli\u011f arzusundad\u0131r. Hz. Peygamberimizin mescidinde Medineli m\u00fc’min kad\u0131nlara vaaz etti\u011fi anlat\u0131l\u0131r. O’nun tarz\u0131 ve tavr\u0131 Sevgili Babas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Bir seferinde \u015f\u00f6yle hayk\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: “Ey m\u00fc’mine ve m\u00fcslime karde\u015flerim! Siz bir yudumluk su gibiydiniz. Ate\u015f \u00e7ukurunun kenar\u0131nda idiniz. A\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fclerin yiyecekleri bir lokma gibi aciz ve \u00e7aresizdiniz. A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 yerdiniz. Ayaklar alt\u0131nda ezilmekteydiniz. Sonra \u0130slam’\u0131n sayesinde ve Muhammed’in himayesinde aya\u011fa kalk\u0131p k\u0131ymetlendiniz ve \u015fereflendiniz. \u00d6yle ise bu nimet ve faziletin k\u0131ymetini biliniz!”<\/em><\/strong> Bazen \u00e7ok sert ve a\u011f\u0131r konu\u015furlard\u0131, sanki yeniden cahiliyeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kapatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve derken ya\u015f\u0131 27 civar\u0131ndayd\u0131. Yorgunlu\u011fu iyice artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Son uykusuna uzanacakt\u0131r. Odas\u0131 babas\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131n\u0131n biti\u015fi\u011finde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Y\u0131kan\u0131r, koku s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131na al\u0131r ve tek tek \u00f6per ve vedala\u015f\u0131r. Sonra \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ister. Son vasiyeti \u015funlar olacakt\u0131r: <\/span>“\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcmden sonra beni y\u0131kamay\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ben kendimi y\u0131kad\u0131m. Kefenim bu elbisem olsun. Beni babam gibi gece g\u00f6m\u00fcn. Ali beni Baki mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6ms\u00fcn!” <\/span><\/em>Sonra kalk\u0131p yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131bleye \u00e7evirdi ve i\u00e7ine uzand\u0131. Sa\u011f elini ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na koymu\u015flard\u0131 ve \u00f6ylece sessiz ve derin bir uykuya dalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Biraz sonra uyand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gelenler O’nun g\u00fcl y\u00fcz\u00fcnde tatl\u0131 bir tebess\u00fcmle bu d\u00fcnyadan ayr\u0131l\u0131p Mevla’s\u0131na ve Babas\u0131na kavu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131 anlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Miladi 632’nin Kas\u0131m ay\u0131yd\u0131. Ramazan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fc olmaktayd\u0131. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 vefat\u0131ndan sonra y\u0131kand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve gece yar\u0131s\u0131 az bir kalabal\u0131kla Baki mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc aktarm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Medine halk\u0131 vefat\u0131n\u0131 duyunca Baki mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ak\u0131n ak\u0131n toplan\u0131p hay\u0131r duada bulunacaklard\u0131r. Medine’nin mazlum ve bir o kadar da mazbut Han\u0131mefendisine ve belki de O’nun k\u0131ymetini hakk\u0131yla bilemediklerine uzun uzun a\u011flayacaklard\u0131r. Evet, Asr-\u0131 Saadet’te Medine’nin bir numaral\u0131 Han\u0131mefendisi Hz. Fat\u0131ma (R.A.) art\u0131k cennet yurdundad\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0[1]<\/a> (Bak: Y\u00fcce Kur’an’\u0131n Mana ve Mesaj\u0131 – T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Meali Kerim – Ahmet-Abdullah Akg\u00fcl –<\/span><\/span> Furkan Ne\u015friyat, Talak: 4 ve \u00a0Nisa: 6 ayetleri)<\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Buhar\u00ee, M\u00fcslim, Ahmed b. Hanbel rivayet etmi\u015ftir. (bk. Neylu’l-Evtar, 6\/120).<\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] <\/sup><\/span>Bak: Musa Carullah, Hatun, 81, Kitabiyat yy. Trc. Mehmet G\u00f6rmez<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u0130slam, “F\u0131trat” Dinidir ve Allah Yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r! F\u0131trat; Arap\u00e7ada bir \u015feyi uzunlamas\u0131na ve do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 yarmak (Fatrun) ve hamuru yo\u011furup, mayalanmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemeden ekmek yapmak (Fatert\u00fc-l-acin) [Not: (Anadolu’da h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu FET\u0130R ekmek tabir olunmaktad\u0131r) k\u00f6k\u00fcnden gelen: \u0130lk yaratma (ibda ve in\u015fa), yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f amac\u0131na ve esaslar\u0131na uygun olma, insan tabiat\u0131na, yani biyolojik ve psikolojik do\u011fas\u0131na yatk\u0131n bulunma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agustos-2016"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3864"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3864\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.millicozum.com\/mc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}